Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time—about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world, people take naps（小憩） in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates, where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people often suffer less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
1.Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?
A. Because you eat too much for lunch.
B. Because it’s hot in summer.
C. Because your body temperature goes down at that time.
D. Because you didn’t have a good sleep last night.
2.What can we learn about “naps” according to the last paragraph?
A. All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day.
B. Doctors need to take naps while employers don’t.
C. If you take naps every day, you’ll never suffer from heart disease.
D. Taking naps regularly is good to people’s health.
3.If you get up at 6:30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nap?
A. About 12:30 pm. B. About 1:30 pm.
C. About 2:30 pm D. About 3:30 pm
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A. All for a Nap B. Just for a Rest
C. A Special Sleep Pattern D. Taking Naps in Warmer Climate
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Similarly, if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important?
The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. So, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.
Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems start as a result of dehydration(脱水)—a lack of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stage of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.
These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma(哮喘) could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often.
1.From the text, we know water can carry_________.
A. poisons and waste out of our bodies
B. fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies
C. sugar and fat out of our bodies
D. energy and fiber in our bodies
2.Some doctors think that________.
A. people eat too much sugar
B. water is not important for our health
C. we should go to the doctor less often
D. some health problems are caused by a lack of water
3.Lack of water caused people to put on weight too much because_______.
A. they think they are thirsty and eat less
B. they think they are hungry and eat too much
C. water has no calories
D. it makes them thirsty
4.Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage?
A. Drinking more water may stop people from overeating.
B. The amount of water a person should drink in a day.
C. Some healthy problems start because of a lack of water.
D. Fruit provides us with energy and fibre.
Teachers’ Day is, interestingly, not celebrated on the same day all over the world. In some countries it is marked by a holiday, in others it is a working day.
International Teachers’ Day is celebrated on October 5. Being held ever since 1994, it is in honor of teachers' organizations worldwide. Its aim is to encourage supports for teachers and to meet the needs of students.
China ― In 1939, Teachers’ Day was set for August 27, Confucius' birthday. In1951, the celebration was stopped. However, it was founded again in 1985, and the day was changed to September 10.
India ― Teachers’ Day is celebrated on September 5 in honour of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, the second president of India, whose birthday falls on that day.
Russia ― In Russia, Teachers’ Day was celebrated on the first Sunday of October between 1965 and 1994. Since 1994, the day is observed on the October 5, just the same day as World Teachers Day.
The US ― In the US, Teachers’ Day is non-official holiday. It is celebrated on the Tuesday of the first full week of May. A number of activities are organized in schools to honor teachers. The celebrations can continue for the whole week of May.
Thailand ― In Thailand, National Teachers’ Day is celebrated every year on January 16. The first Teachers’ Day was held in 1957. The day is a holiday in schools.
1.Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined word “observed”?
A. stopped B. held
C. celebrated D. fell
2.Which of the following is possibly true?
A. China has celebrated Teachers’ Day since the year 1931.
B. Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s birthday is in September
C. Teachers’ Day is an official holiday in the United States.
D. Teachers’ Day is a working day in schools of Thailand.
3.From the passage we can learn that ________.
A. The first Teachers’ Day was held in 1965 in Thailand
B. Teachers’ Day falls on Confucius' birthday in China
C. International Teachers’ Day aims to benefit the students
D. A lot of activities are held on Teachers’ Day across the world
请阅读下面图画和短文，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
There was a boss who made a contract with his workers: he will pay their salary each week, but not in cash. Instead, the workers would choose some goods in a shop, which equal the value of their salary. Then he will pay the cash to the owner of the shop.
But one day, one of the workers complained to his boss, “The shop owner said ‘no cash, no goods’. And he requested us to pay in cash.” For that reason, the worker asked the boss to pay him in cash, too. The boss agreed. After a while, the shop owner came to the boss, asking him to pay for his workers.
The boss was confused and looked into the issue, and finally found out that the worker told a lie. However, he paid the shop owner as usual, because he must keep his promise, even he was cheated and had to pay more money.
Good merchants won’t scrap(废除)their contracts. They won’t sign contracts easily and usually chaffer(论价)for their benefits if they have to sign them. But after that, they will definitely follow them whatever the price.
（写作内容）
用约30词概述上文内容；
结合高中生活，简要分析你对契约精神的理解(不少于两点)；
你的启示和打算(不少于两点)。
（写作要求）
可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
（评分标准）
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
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请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Time for Americans to act on climate change
The climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore. For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.
The scientific community has become increasingly panicked over the past year. The latest assessment from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change painted a far more terrible picture than its previous analyses, and the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security. Out of this panic came the treaty(条约)reached this past weekend by world leaders to keep the Paris climate agreement alive.
Yet many Americans still don’t regard the threat as a key priority for our government, and support President Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty. Campaign contributions from fossil fuel companies have convinced elected officials to look the other way. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).
But there is another reason that has been discussed far less openly. While a growing number of people understand that climate change will have significant worldwide consequences, many Americans have an intuitive(直觉的)belief that their nation is more capable than others of adapting to a changed environment. Why? Because they have before.
This historical success, however, resulted from the federal government taking science seriously, and making investments to urge revolution and innovation.
But these innovations did not happen by themselves, or simply because of the United States’ rich resources. They depended on consistent support from the leaders about the need to take action when faced with crises. This has been especially true in the environmental crisis.
President Bill Clinton had a shockingly modest record of advancing climate security, particularly given that his vice president, Al Gore, had been one of the most outspoken environmentalists in Congress. By far Clinton’s biggest accomplishment was assigning Gore to participate іn thе Куоtо Рrоtoсоl negotiations. Сlіntоn сhоѕе, hоwеvеr, tо аvоіd whаt ѕurеlу wоuld have been a terrible fight in the Senate to gain approval of the treaty. While this effort probably would have failed, it would have signaled to the American people how seriously the Democratic Party took climate change.
Thus, the time has clearly arrived for progressive candidates to start campaigning on a platform built around the need for a sustainability revolution. Such a plan should include a carbon tax, well-funded clean energy research, evolved agricultural policies and smarter public transport. Given that Generation X and millennials(千禧一代)never bought into the fiction that the United States is immune to the dangers of global warming, the time is ripe to make climate security a crucial government responsibility. Only by doing so can we begin the long-overdue(拖延好久的)campaign to save the planet.
Time for Americans to act on climate change
Introduction | More and more people have become 1. of the severity of climate crisis. It is human beings that are to 2. for the real global warming and should 3. for what they have done. | |
Worldwide efforts | Given that human health as well as our economic security is 4. a severe threat caused by climate change, Paris Climate Treaty has been reached by world leaders. | |
Current American’s responses | A negative attitude | Unable to grasp the seriousness of the threat, many Americans are in 5. of President Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty. |
6. for responses | Elected officials turn a deaf ear to the threat on account of their 7. relationship with fossil fuel companies. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy. Many Americans are wildly 8. about their ability to a changed environment. | |
Earlier American’s responses | A(n) 9. attitude | Wisely assigning his vice president to participate in the Kyoto Protocol negotiations, President Bill Clinton took climate change seriously. |
Inspiration form responses | The Democratic Party used to take adequate notice of the potential crisis of the climate change. | |
10. | It is high time for Americans to begin the long-overdue campaign to save the planet. |
Stars blazed(猛烈地燃烧)in the sky above Spook like a million tiny suns. They shone through the mists, which had during the last year become thinner and weaker. At first, he had thought the world itself was changing. Then he had realized that it was just his feeling. Somehow, by burning tin in his body for so long, he had permanently strengthened his senses to a point far beyond what other Allomancers could attain.
The burned tin had begun as a reaction to Clubs’s death. Spook still felt terrible about the way he’d escaped, leaving his uncle to die. During those first few weeks, Spook had burned his metals as almost a self-punishment he’d wanted to feel everything around him, take it all in, even though it was painful, or perhaps because it was painful.
But then he’d started to change, and that had worried him. But, the crew always talked about how hard Vin pushed herself. She rarely slept, using pewter(白镴)to keep herself awake and alert. Spook didn’t know how that worked he was no Mistborn, and could only bum one metal but he figured that if burning his one metal could give him an advantage, he’d better take it, because they were going to need every advantage they could get.
The starlight was like daylight to him. During the actual day, he had to wear a cloth tied across his eyes to protect them, and even then going outside was sometimes blinding. His skin had become so sensitive that each little stone in the ground felt like a knife jabbing(猛刺)him through the bottom of his feet. The cold spring air seemed freezing, and he wore a thick cloak(斗篷).
However, he had concluded that these discomforts were small prices to pay for the opportunity to become whatever it was he had become. As he moved down the street, he could hear people turning over and over in their beds, even through their walls. He could sense a footstep from yards away. He could see on a dark night as no other human ever had.
________________. Always before, he’d been the least important member of the crew the dismissible boy who served as a handy man or kept watch while the others made plans. He didn’t feel annoyed with them for that he’d been right to give him such simple duties. ________________. Because of his street dialect, he’d been difficult to understand, and while all the other members of the crew had been carefully picked, Spook had joined through the back door since he was Clubs’s nephew.
Spook sighed, sticking his hands in his trouser pockets as he walked down the too-bright street. He could feel each and every thread of the cloth.
Dangerous things were happening he knew that: the way the mists lasted longer during the day, the way the ground shook as if it were a sleeping man, periodically(周期性地)suffering a terrible dream. Spook worried he wouldn’t be of much help in the critical days to come. A little over a year before, his uncle had died after Spook fled the city. Spook had run out of fear, but also out of a knowledge of his lack of power. ________________. He wouldn’t have been able to help during the campaign.
He didn’t want to be in that position again. He wanted to be able to help, somehow. He wouldn’t run into the woods, hiding while the world ended around him. He was sent to gather as much information as he could about the Citizen and his government there, and so Spook intended to do his best. If that meant pushing his body beyond what was safe, so be it.
He approached a large crossing. He looked both ways down the intersecting(交叉的)streets the view clear as day to his eyes. I may not be Mistborn, and I may not be emperor, he thought. But I’m something. Something new. Something people would be proud of Maybe this time I can help. ________________.
1.What is the real “change” according to Paragraph 1?
A. The thinner and weaker mists. B. The changing world.
C. Spook’s sensitive feeling. D. Allomancers’ strengthened senses.
2.Why on earth did Spook start burning tin?
A. To make himself strong. B. To erase an emotional debt.
C. To show his honor to Vin. D. To feel pain of his uncle.
3.What does the example of Vin serve as in Paragraph 3?
A. A reminder of Spook’s own pain.
B. An encouragement to Spook’s persistence.
C. A comparison for Spook’s burning metal.
D. An implication of Spook’s own change.
4.What discomforts was Spook suffering when moving down the street?
① The shining daylight that almost made him blind.
② The little stones that jabbed him like a knife.
③ The cold spring air that seemed freezing.
④ The sleepless people that turned over and over in their beds.
⑤ The awakened awareness of being unimportant when keeping watch.
⑥ His street dialect that made him hard to understand.
A. ②③ B. ①②③ C. ②③④⑥ D. ①②③④⑤⑥
5.Where can the following sentence most probably be?
“Perhaps he’d find a way to become useful to the others.”
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
6.What can we learn about Spook from the article?
A. He’s guilty and weak nephew of the great Clubs.
B. He’s a carefully-picked and most powerful member of the crew.
C. He’s a proud and self-sacrificing handy man of the crew.
D. He’s a strong-willed and outstanding Allomancer.
