Gift shops in museums used to be the last stop of each visit, 1. people would buy souvenirs for themselves and their friends. But recently instead of being the last place people go after a visit, they 2. (become) a point of entry to the museum. You may wonder: What is it about museum gift shops that 3. (make) them so different?
Each museum product contains a small piece of history. For example, the British Museum store has different kinds of sticky tape 4. (print) with patterns inspired by the famous Rosetta Stone, which was discovered in 1799 and contains an inscription(碑文) helping historians 5. (good) understand some of the most mysterious 6. (Egypt) scripts. And in the gift shops of China's Palace Museum, there are earphones inspired by the necklaces worn by ancient officials.
7. the design evolving over the years, museum products are no longer limited to famous paintings to be hung on the wall. 8. now mean items put to use every day—glasses, jewelry or cushion covers, 9. (indicate) we can not only “own” a piece of history, but also hold it in our hands, wear it on our neck, or even sleep on it. Indeed, a great museum gift shop is an extension of the museum 10. (it).
When I first met my new parrot, Chico, his wings had been cut short. He couldn't fly and he was stuck on the______just like us humans. When the weather turned nice, I would take Chico outside. I______him on a branch of a tree, hoping to make him happier. At first he seemed confused.He walked back and forth on the branch looking______. He didn't even flap(拍打) his wings in a(n)______to fly. Somehow he knew he was incapable.
One day Chico got especially excited.He paced back and forth and made an incredible amount of noise. Then all of a sudden he stopped and______an even louder scream. He started______flapping his wings for the first time ever—then he______off the branch like a space shuttle! I was amazed and shocked.Little did I know his feathers had been growing back, and Chico had been waiting until the moment was ripe for______！
Two days later Chico returned.First I tried to______him back with food, but he would not come near me. Then I took his cage and______it away—still he would not come. Finally, I made him a firm______that I would let him out every day if the weather was nice as long as he did come back.______， he flew onto my shoulder.
From that day on, whenever the weather was good I would let him out______and he would fly around and be back before dark. The______lasted for two months until suddenly Chico became weak. The vet said that he had been infected with a______from the pigeons in the neighbourhood.Within a few days he died.
I was very sad.The______crossed my mind that if I had not set him free to fly, he would be still alive. But what______is there in being a bird if you can't fly?
Chico______his first breakthrough for freedom on a late Monday afternoon in April. When will you make yours? You too can______a chance when the conditions are right, knowing you too, in your own way, were built to fly. If you don't set yourself free, what will be the______of your life?
1.A. cage B. scene C. earth D. stage
2.A. brought B. seated C. caught D. chased
3.A. delightful B. painful C. anxious D. guilty
4.A. attempt B. order C. journey D. reason
5.A. gave away B. took on C. laid out D. let out
6.A. proudly B. madly C. slowly D. gracefully
7.A. cut B. fell C. knocked D. lifted
8.A. struggle B. exchange C. escape D. rescue
9.A. trick B. fasten C. seize D. expect
10.A. burnt B. drove C. put D. threw
11.A. contract B. promise C. hand D. feather
12.A. Once in a while B. As usual C. In the meantime D. At last
13.A. early B. lately C. sometimes D. lonely
14.A. practice B. deed C. routine D. recreation
15.A. spirit B. disease C. relationship D. diet
16.A. thought B. fact C. concern D. detail
17.A. profit B. mistake C. interest D. meaning
18.A. discovered B. demonstrated C. achieved D. announced
19.A. lose B. envy C. deserve D. take
20.A. success B. purpose C. contribution D. entertainment
Concern about extinction—the permanent loss of a species—motivates a wide variety of people to take action to protect animal species at risk of dying out. Animal protection and animal rights are familiar themes associated with the field of environmental activism. Certainly, endangered animals suffer no lack of support.1.
Surprisingly, some of the most endangered plants are species that, up until recently, were used by humans as necessary food crops.2.
In order to maximize productivity, farmers have chosen to focus on a handful of highyield crops that can be harvested efficiently. At one time, the number of plant species used by humans to meet their nutritional requirements numbered above 7，000. Now, it is around 150. Some experts even claim that humans actually rely on just twelve species of plants for most of their food.
A single food crop generally contains several species, which may be further divided into hundreds of varieties, but these varieties are quickly disappearing. 3.Eighty percent of the corn varieties grown in Mexico in 1930 have disappeared.Ninety percent of the 10，000 wheat varieties cultivated in China 1949 are no longer used.
4.Crop diversity is a factor that ensures the continuation of certain beneficial natural processes in ecosystems—the cycling of nutrients, management of pests, and maintenance of water quality. 5.Clearly, there is an urgent need to preserve the plant's irreplaceable crop diversity before it is lost completely.
A. You probably want to know the exact approach to protecting endangered plants.
B. Also, crop diversity provides the necessary gene pool to supply crops with a variety of traits(特点).
C. Threatened by current shortsighted farming techniques, crop diversity has shrunk dramatically.
D. However, endangered plants are defended by few.
E. Examples of losses in crop diversity have been recorded worldwide.
F. The permanent loss of plant species represents a huge threat to humanity.
G. Thanks to modern farming techniques, many countries have taken measures to protect them.
The chaparral ecosystem is a plant and animal community that is relatively rare. It is characterized by shrubland and a specific weather pattern. Winters in this ecosystem are mild and wet, and summers tend to be hot and dry. The state of California in the United States has one of the world's largest chaparral ecosystems. They can also be found in parts of northern Mexico, Australia, Chile, and South Africa.
Wildfires occur frequently in this ecosystem. Lots of very flammable plant growth builds up in between fire seasons. Only about 1539 inches of rainfall each year. Shrub plants of the chaparral are most likely to catch fire in the late summer or early fall. That's because the summers are extra dry. The thought of fire is frightening to people with homes or businesses. However, it is far more dangerous not to have wildfires. When there are no fires, the shrubs take over. Small fires once in a while are beneficial. They keep the plant growth under control. They also act in some other surprising ways. There are some plant species in chaparral ecosystems that cannot reproduce unless there has been a fire. The heat, smoke and changes in the soil that follow a burn actually release seeds from some plants.
What causes the frequent fires in this region? Sometimes lightning strikes will catch plants on fire. However, this accounts for only a small portion of the fires. Humans are the cause of many wildfires. A match, cigarette or campfire left carelessly unattended can cause a fire. Hot, dry winds, like the Santa Ana winds in California, make the fire go wild.If it has been a long time since the last fire, plants will fuel the fire. It is often very difficult for firefighters to put out these fires.
People who live in and near chaparral ecosystems have to clear plants from around their homes. This helps to prevent the home from being damaged in a fire. Wildfires are a natural and important part of a healthy chaparral ecosystem.
1.According to the first two paragraphs, the chaparral ecosystem________.
A. can be found throughout northern Mexico
B. has a lot of rainfall in winters
C. can easily catch fire in summers
D. has few plants and animals
2.What can we infer from the passage?
A. Broadleaves plants are less likely to catch fire here.
B. Shrub plants will damage the ecobalance without wildfires.
C. Plants can't reproduce without wildfires.
D. Humans here are threatened to leave by frequent fires.
3.What can people do to prevent accidental fires?
A. They should be careful with matches, cigarettes and campfires.
B. They should prevent lighting striking.
C. They should train wellequipped firefighters.
D. They should clear flammable plants.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Wildfires are an important part of the chaparral ecosystem.
B. People can take steps to remain safe in the chaparral ecosystem.
C. Wildfires occur frequently in the chaparral ecosystem.
D. The chaparral ecosystem is relatively rare in the global area.
If you find yourself hitting the snooze button(闹钟延时按钮) every morning, don't blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.
Research now shows that, for many of us, our work schedules don't go with our natural body clocks—and experts are urging employers to take notice. Sleep is a “strategic resource” that most companies are ignoring. When work schedules are aligned with people's natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more innovative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier. The opposite is also true—when employees are not getting enough sleep they are more likely to make major mistakes and suffer from workplace injuries.
But it's not just about the amount of sleep you get. It's important that people recognize every living thing, from primitive bacteria to human beings, has a biologically determined internal body clock. This determines whether you are a night owl(夜猫子), an early bird or somewhere in the middle. We don't have any choice. “It's like feet，” said Till Roenneberg, a professor of chronobiology(生物钟学). “Some people are born with big feet and some with small feet, but most people are somewhere in the middle.”
Many companies start the workday at 8 a.m. or 9 a.m., putting their work schedules in disagreement with their employees' body clock. This mismatch, along with the pressure to be productive and be available to respond to email or take calls at all hours of the day and night, means that many people suffer from what is called “social jet lag” .
1.The underlined word “aligned” in Paragraph 2 means “________”.
A. matched B. cooperated
C. conflicted D. shortened
2.What does Till Roenneberg' s remark mean?
A. The amount of sleep you get counts much.
B. An early bird does better than a night owl.
C. We are born to have a body clock.
D. Most people have neither too big nor too small feet.
3.If people suffer from “social jet lag”， they will ________.
A. not be as clever as other people
B. fail to finish their daily tasks
C. fail to adjust their body clock
D. act as if they were in the wrong time zone
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Body clock and good work habits
B. Late for work? Maybe not your fault
C. How to improve your work efficiency
D. Urgent need to change your body clock
NASA's Jet Propulsion(喷气推进) Laboratory (JPL) attracted Marlyse Reeves from an early age. Growing up in Pasadena, California, in JPL's backyard, Reeves developed a love for everything related to outer space, and the lab was a regular destination for school field trips. Even as a child, Reeves, now as an MIT senior, knew she wanted to work in the space industry. Her love of space was cultivated at home, too. At MIT, Reeves quickly found her place in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics (航空航天系).
As a junior, Reeves was selected to participate in the GordonMIT Engineering Leadership Program. The program focuses on leadership for engineers—people who may have high technical IQs but who may be not good at expressing themselves. Reeves holds the point that in industry, people have to communicate with other engineers—to explain their ideas and fit into the organizational structure.
In the second year of the program, students become coaches for the new students, which means a team coach observes, and instructs the younger group. So Reeves thinks it's really the secondyear students who are guiding the firstyear students into how they can improve as leaders.
Reeves has been with Women in Aerospace Engineering (WAE) since its beginning in her sophomore year. The group builds a community for women in all aspects of aeronautics. Last month, Reeves helped organize the first WAE Day, an event for 18 high school girls in the Boston area to come to MIT to learn about aerospace engineering. Reeves says events like these are especially important for exposing young women to the possibilities of the field.
Just as she says, “Being a person who has gone into the aerospace industry and has seen the lack of women, there are often times when I am the only female in the room. I think it's important for young women and girls to have role models, and just see that there are women doing it. I have met a lot of strong female role models for myself in industry... A lot of our events are open to men as well. We want to build a community of people who support women in aerospace.”
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Reeves seldom visited JPL at an early age.
B. Reeves became interested in space from childhood.
C. Reeves is now a new student studying at MIT.
D. Reeves would like to study in the Department of Mathematics at MIT.
2.What is the aim of the GordonMIT Engineering Leadership Program?
A. It is aimed at developing engineers' leadership.
B. It focuses on increasing students' technical skills.
C. It tends to improve students' observation abilities.
D. It aims to train excellent engineers for MIT in advance.
3.What is the attitude of Reeves towards women in the aerospace industry?
A. She thinks the industry is prejudiced against women.
B. She thinks women have a higher IQ than men in the field.
C. She believes having role models has a positive effect on women.
D. She feels it is difficult for women to become successful in the field.
4.Why does Reeves attach importance to the WAE Day?
A. Because it's a girl's dream.
B. Because it makes her a leader.
C. Because it helps women experience more about aeronautics.
D. Because it can strengthen the community.
