Racket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America’s most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people’s health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.
The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.
Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases probability of disease and infection. The people more likely to be affected may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.
Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.
Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.
1.The author’s attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.
A. unrealistic.
B. traditional.
C. concerned.
D. hysterical.
2.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
A. Noise is a major problem and most people recognize its importance.
B. Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.
C. Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.
D. Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.
3.The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.
A. is against the law.
B. can make some people irritable.
C. is a nuisance.
D. does harm to people’s health.
4.The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.
A. unimportant.
B. impossible.
C. a waste of money.
D. essential.
At the age of twelve years, the human body is at its most vigorous. It has yet to reach its full size and strength, and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the likelihood of death is least. Earlier, we were infants and young children, and consequently more vulnerable; later, we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigor and resistance which, though imperceptible at first, will finally become so steep that we can live no longer, however well we look after ourselves, and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.
This decline in vigor with the passing of time is called ageing. It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way, that if we escape wars, accidents and disease we shall eventually "die of old age", and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person, so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty-five and eighty. Some of us will die sooner, a few will live longer—on into a ninth or tenth decade. But the chances are against it, and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, however lucky and robust we are.
Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it. We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigor with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. They have also assumed that all animals, and probably other organisms such as trees, or even the universe itself, must in the nature of things "wear out".
Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do, if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound watch, or the sun, do in fact an out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (热力学) (whether the whole universe does so is a moot point at present). But these are not analogous to what happens when man ages. A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. An old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending. But a watch could never repair itself—it does not consist of living parts, only of metal, which wears away by friction. We could,at one time, repair ourselves—well enough, at least, to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents. Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power; an illness which at twelve would knock us over, at eighty can knock us out, and into our grave. If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve, it would take about 700 years for half of us to die, and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.
1.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Our first twelve years represent the peak of human development.
B. People usually are unhappy when reminded of ageing.
C. Normally only a few of us can live to the eighties and nineties.
D. People are usually less likely to die at twelve years old.
2.The word "it" in the last sentence of Paragraph Two refers to .
A. remaining alive until 65.
B. remaining alive after 80.
C. dying before 65 or after 80.
D. dying between 65 and 80.
3.What do the examples of watch show?
A. Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.
B. All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.
C. The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.
D. Human's ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.
You have a choice of three Supafone Mobile Digital access plans: Leisuretime, Executive and Highflier. They are designed to meet the needs of light, moderate and high-volume users. Calls in each plan are charged at only two rates: short-distance and long-distance. You enjoy big savings with off-peak calls.
LEISURETIME
Your mobile phone is mainly for personal use. You use your phone to keep family and friends in touch. You don’t want to strain your budget(预算紧张).
With this plan you enjoy the lowest monthly access fee and extremely competitive costs for calls. However, a monthly minimum call charge applies.
EXECUTIVE
You’re in business and need to be able to call your office and your clients whenever the need arises. You value the convenience of a mobile phone but need to keep a close eye on costs.
For frequent users: the monthly access fee is slightly higher, but you enjoy the savings of a discounted call rate.
HIGHFLIER
You are always on the move and communications are critical. You need to be able to call and be called wherever you are—world-wide.
As a high-volume user you pay an access fee of just $60 a month but even lower call rates.
1.You will have to pay a minimum amount for call each month for .
A. the Leisuretime plan. B. the Executive plan.
C. the Highflier plan. D. all of the three plans.
2.The Executive plan is primarily intended for people who need a mobile phone for .
A. their work. B. keeping in contact with their family.
C. global communication. D. personal use.
3.It costs for a 50-second short-distance call at 8 p. m., Friday, on Highflier plan.
A. 30.2 cents. B. 15.2 cents. C. 15 cents. D. 30 cents.
It’s no______that kids love dinosaurs. Many of them have even gone through what’s called a “dinosaur phase”--- a period of time______they can’t stop talking about dinosaurs, can’t______without hearing a dinosaur bedtime story, and use a backpack with a dinosaur pattern on it.
Adults may have long______out of their dinosaur phase, but somehow the appeal is still there.
The______consists in the success of Steven Spielberg’s 1993 film Jurassic Park, and every following installment of the series. And in Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, which was______in Chinese mainland cinemas on June 15, these ancient beasts are taking over the______world once again.
National Geographic has an explanation behind the animals’______: Dinosaurs are “______science and imagination meet”, which is probably what makes them so appealing, to kids and adults alike.
Dinosaurs are often compared to dragons, but are seen as cooler because they’re______. The huge skeletons in museums prove their existence millions of years ago on the same Earth that we now live on. ______, new discoveries have been made in different parts of the world that open up a bigger______of these ancient species. And how they went extinct is also a popular subject of______studies.
However, we still seem to know so little about dinosaurs, and have to rely on our ____when it______to questions like “How did they live?”, “What did they sound like?” and “How fast could they run?”. It’s this sense of mystery that_____ dinosaurs’ attraction compared to other fierce animals like lions and tigers --- animals that can easily be seen in today’s zoos.
But there’s more to this dinosaur appeal.
According to Guardian reporter Brian Switek, humans are fascinated by dinosaurs not just because we’re interested in their history, but also because we’re trying to have a better understanding of human history.
“Dinosaurs______be Hollywood monsters, objects of scientific fascination and everything______, but at the root of it, our fascination with them______from wanting to know more about the prehistory we______,” he wrote.
“The dinosaur story is part of our own.”
1.A. wonder B. secret C. doubt D. question
2.A. that B. which C. when D. while
3.A. eat B. work C. play D. sleep
4.A. left B. grown C. jumped D. run
5.A. truth B. answer C. proof D. matter
6.A. shot B. introduced C. prepared D. released
7.A. competitive B. fantastic C. modern D. magic
8.A. popularity B. success C. eternity D. extinction
9.A. what B. when C. how D. where
10.A. invented B. imaginary C. real D. authentic
11.A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. However D. Hence
12.A. image B. window C. sight D. picture
13.A. literary B. scientific C. humanitarian D. societal
14.A. imagination B. determination C. perseverance D. ambition
15.A. relates B. corresponds C. comes D. refers
16.A. leads to B. turns to C. points to D. adds to
17.A. can B. must C. should D. may
18.A. in brief B. in case C. in between D. in the middle
19.A. hears B. originates C. dates D. differs
20.A. make B. discover C. write D. share
---Indeed, last month IBM finally gave up its mainframe business, its CEO saying that they had_______________, since fewer and fewer people wanted mainframes.
A. killed the fatted calf. B. seen the handwriting on the wall.
C. reaped what they had sown. D. hired themselves out.
Sales of CDs have declined dramatically since the early 2010s, when people ______ to enjoy music downloaded from the internet.
A. have begun. B. began. C. begin. D. would begin.
