语法填空
Once every 4 years the World Cup has always deeply attracted millions of fans around the world since it 1.（hold）． As 2.matter of fact， there were two trophies in history． The first was made by Paris' technician， Friel， who was very 3.（fame） for making jewelry． The model， which was the goddess of victory，4.（dress） in ancient Rome costume， stretching her arms and holding the image of the cup， stood on the marble base． According to the FIFA regulations at that time， the World Cup champion team could keep the gold cup for 4years to the next cup return． Besides， there was an additional 5.（require）． The team who won the three world championships would always get this cup．
In the 1970 World Cup， Brazil won the title the 6.（ three） time． The "Golden Goddess Cup" flew to Brazil and was expected to be kept there7.（permanent）． Unfortunately， later the Gold Cup was stolen and melted． 8.（create） a new trophy in 1971， FIFA finally collected fifty-three designs，9.which the work of Italian Gazania was selected． He designed the trophy --- two Herchles （大力神） lifted the design of the earth． The base is made up of two layers of precious malachite （孔雀石）． In reality， FIFA rules the new cup as a mobile prize． It means 10.team wins the championship can not occupy the cup forever．
Have you ever imagined your future？ I try to do this all the time． Most of us will follow in our _______footsteps， by this I mean our adult lives will _______resemble the lives we live as children， set by our parents' examples． Have you ever _______and thought about this？ What an awful job it must be to _______a child properly! But， what happens to the children that live _______drugs， alcohol and violence in their childhood？ Where can they find good examples for themselves？
I know of one place that is trying to_______all children． It is the McDowell County D．A．R．E． program in McDowell County North Carolina． Our teachers carry on their shoulders the great_______of teaching kids to just say NO to drugs， alcohol and violence． I am personally acquainted with _______of these things， not because I have ever_______them myself， but because of my dad． He drank， _______drugs and smoked pot （抽大麻）． When I was 7 my mom took me and my sister and ______． I wonder if my dad ever thought about the _______and what this bad decision would lead to when he first started experimenting with drugs and pot at 13． He has been in jail， he can't get a decent job， and he lost his ______． These bad choices also caused him to hurt his children in horrible ways．
I am _______that I have at least one parent to help me make wise decisions， and to teach me right from wrong． I am also _______that the D．A．R．E． program is taught in our schools． One of the most _______things I learned from D．A．R．E． is that a person that has a parent with an addiction problem is more than twice as likely to become addicted themselves， as compared to a person that has no family history of drug ______． I have learned many things through this ______， especially about the consequences of our trying drugs． You could get arrested， hurt yourself or someone else，_______ your life by becoming an addict， or even die． All of these things are terrible， but I can't think of anything _______as a parent than hurting our children and the people that love us． DRUGS DESTROY LIVES! I give the D．A．R．E． program two thumbs up， for all the good things being accomplished．
1.A. grandma's B. brother's C. parents' D. teachers'
2.A. closely B. loosely C. hardly D. physically
3.A. lived B. stopped C. started D. decided
4.A. praise B. understand C. appreciate D. raise
5.A. on B. over C. in D. for
6.A. treat B. represent C. reach D. persuade
7.A. pressure B. responsibility C. probability D. advantage
8.A. both B. all C. none D. neither
9.A. smoked B. accepted C. tried D. refused
10.A. ate B. sold C. took D. bought
11.A. went B. wept C. begged D. left
12.A. reasons B. possibilities C. program D. consequences
13.A. patience B. temper C. family D. position
14.A. lucky B. aware C. sure D. clear
15.A. concerned B. disappointed C. curious D. grateful
16.A. important B. exciting C. strange D. attractive
17.A. sales B. purchases C. abuse D. production
18.A. behavior B. program C. experience D. action
19.A. destroy B. build C. save D. lose
20.A. wiser B. easier C. worse D. better
Radar is an electronic device that detects planes， ships， coastlines， landmarks， and even storm clouds． The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging． As the human eye uses light waves to see， radar "sees" with radio waves． Without radar， planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog．1.
In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects． But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s， when the world was threatened by war．2.It has been used widely in almost every conflict since then．
Echoes make it possible for radar to work． When a beam of radio waves is sent out， it strikes on an object and returns an echo． This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screen． On the screen an observer sees a flash， or a blip， that shows the direction and distance of the object．3.
Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings． Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships．4.Weather forecasters "see" the size， direction， and speed of storms on radar screens． Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance to the moon． Thus， the device has generated major advancements．
5.Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States． They guard us against possible enemy attacks． We have ballistic-missiles （战略导弹）warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1，000 miles away． Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites．
A．Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars．
B．These measurements are now highly accurate．
C．The device can be used in a wide range of fields．
D．It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers．
E．During World War II many countries used radar effectively．
F．Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters．
G．Strengthening national defense is one of radar's most important functions．
The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies （自由民主）． It indicates a positive meaning． Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities． Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other． The press is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing a different view or holding a different religious belief． A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy． A tolerant individual is connected with virtuous qualities．
The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey．
The word tolerance means to bear， or to bear with． If I tolerate something or someone， I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him． I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour． The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon， which I find difficult to bear． A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an objectionable phenomenon． By tolerating either of them， I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena． Let's be honest： I don't have a different taste when it comes to bad smells． I simply dislike it and hope that it disappears． I don't respect the noisy neighbour． I would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace．
The subject tolerating is by nature not equal to the object being tolerated． If I tolerate you， I essentially say that I am above you and am prepared， although unwillingly， to bear with your presence or with your practices or opinions． That may be true in the case of an individual who is ready to tolerate the other． However， this attitude by such an individual， though empirically true， is hardly a virtue． Certainly， the fact that an individual， in reality， may merely tolerate the other or his opinion does not justify a government or any official authority promoting tolerance as a virtue． One cannot tolerate an equal being． True equality involves respect， not toleration． To respect the other as a distinctive person is hardly to tolerate him． This is the true meaning of equality： diversity existing in a mutually-respectful socio-legal setting．
A tolerant attitude involves the grant of a favour， not a right． The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament to make laws considering us， as individuals and as part of a collective entity or a permission to pursue certain actions interpreted as a favour rather than a right？ Indeed， would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us？
1.The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that ______ ．
A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democracies
B. democratic society always advocates tolerance
C. people's understanding of tolerance is one-sided
D. tolerance can be applied to many situations
2.The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indicate that ______ ．
A. the writer are fed up with them
B. most people find them hard to tolerate
C. the writer isn't prejudiced against them
D. tolerating them isn't a virtuous act
3.The main idea of Paragraph 4is that ______ ．
A. tolerance shows an unequal relationship
B. most people promote tolerance as a virtue
C. people should show respect for each other
D. tolerance has nothing to do with respect
4.Which can be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Tolerance and Respect B. What Is to Be Tolerated？
C. Is Tolerance a Virtue？ D. Should People Be Tolerant？
"Tiny tubes and filaments （丝状物） in some Canadian rock appear to be the oldest known fossils， giving new support for some ideas about how life began，" a new study says．
"The features are mineralized remains of what appear to be bacteria that lived some 3.77billion to 4.28billion years ago，" the scientist said． That would be older than some other rock features found in Greenland， which were considered to be the fossils last August．
The new results come from examining rock found along the eastern shore of Hudson Bay in Northern Quebec． The filaments and tubes， made up of iron oxide called hematite （赤铁矿），appeared within a rock type called jasper （碧玉）．
Matthew Dodd of University College London， an author of the study published Wednesday by Nature， said the living things lived in the seafloor where water was heated by a volcano． "Since the fossils are nearly as old as Earth， which formed some 4.5 billion years ago， the findings support previous indications that life may have begun in such an environment，" he said．
He and his colleagues presented several lines of evidence to support the idea that tiny tubes and filaments are signatures of past life． But two experts who've previously reported similar findings said they are not convinced．
"I would say they are not fossils，" Martin J． Van Kranendonk of the University of New South Wales in Australia， who reported the Greenland findings last year， wrote in an email． "The paper's evidence for a biological origin falls short，" he said．
Abigail Allwood， a NASA geologist， said the authors have produced one of the most detailed cases yet made for evidence of life in rocks older than 3.5 billion years． But "It's an extraordinary claim to make and you do need extraordinary evidence，" she said．
1.What do Matthew， Martin and Abigail have in common？ ______
A. They have been studying rock features．
B. They are working in the same university．
C. They all made a contribution to the Greenland findings．
D. They have discovered the oldest known fossils in the same place．
2.How does Martin feel about the new study？ ______
A. It confirms the biological origin．
B. It ignores the Greenland findings．
C. It needs more to convince people．
D. Its authors take ideas and words from his．
3.What's Abigail Allwood's attitude toward Matthew's findings？ ______
A. Supporting． B. Disapproving．
C. Indifferent． D. Neutral．
4.The new findings can make people know something about ______ ．
A. the process of fossil formation
B. how life started on the earth
C. how to examine rock and find fossils
D. how the earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago
Earlier this month， the University of Glasgow in Scotland launched a course entitled： D'oh! The Simpsons Introduce Philosophy． The course's aim is to ease students into the typically heavy topic by relating it to the popular cartoon family．
"The Simpsons is one of the modern world's greatest cultural artifacts， partly because it is so full of philosophy，" John Donaldson， creator of the course， told the BBC． "Aristotle， Kant， Marx， Camus and many other great thinkers' ideas are represented in what is arguably the purest of philosophical forms - the comic cartoon．"
While this may seem like an unusual way to attract pupils to a traditionally dull topic， this class isn't the first of its kind． In 2009， Liverpool Hope University in the UK began offering a master's degree on the music of internationally known 60's group The Beatles， which still runs today． The following year， the UK's Durham University gave students the chance to enroll on a Harry Potter-themed module， covering contents such as "Gryffindor and Slytherin： prejudice and intolerance in the classroom" and "muggles and magic"．
To some， these courses may seem like a waste of a valuable education， but Donaldson believes that packaging certain topics into something easier to relate to will enhance the learning experience， without distraction from the main subject． "Firstly， scholars want to be taken seriously by other scholars and ideas like this can be seen as not serious，" he tells iNews． "There are definitely ways to incorporate popular culture into academic subjects that still remains substantial and doesn't take away from the quality of the ideas．"
Already booked full， Donaldson's Simpsons class isn't meant to be taken as seriously， however． The lecturer says that his one-day course， which will pose philosophical questions around morality， free will， and religion by relating them to scenarios from The Simpsons， aims to introduce students to his area of expertise greatly while they have a bit of fun．
1.From Paragraph 2， we can learn that ______ ．
A. many great thinkers appear in The Simpsons
B. The Simpsons contains many philosophical ideas
C. John Donaldson creates the cartoon The Simpsons
D. the main reason for The Simpsons' success is its philosophy
2.The third paragraph is developed mainly ______ ．
A. by making a comparison
B. by following the order of time
C. by analyzing the process
D. by giving examples
3.What does the underlined word " scenarios" in the last paragraph mean？ ______
A. Characters． B. Settings．
C. Plots． D. Images．
4.The passage mainly talks about ______ ．
A. a creative philosophy course
B. a popular comic cartoon
C. a reform of traditional subjects
D. an enterprising lecturer
