阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1.（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2. past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 3. (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4. (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 5. rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 6. (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7. (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8. (start) a soil-testing program 9. gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 10. (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
Most teens I meet these days lack basic social courtesy(礼仪) when dealing with people.
My own son, who basically grew up with his grandmother, the original _______ guru(专家), has perfect table manners. This is partly because he was _______to manners at a very young age. However, when we eat at home, he would not _______manners. So I asked him why. He said,” I behave the way I am supposed to ______ when I’m out, but when I am at home I want to be _______.”
That’s when I realized that most parents, myself included, do______ their children the proper way to behave outside the home, but they are also _______to believe that at home, anything goes.
My ________to him was “good behavior has nothing to do with where you are or whom you are with”.
Then he answered, “But I behave _______when I’m with others so that they think better of me.” And that is when I realized that I was doing things all _______. I explained to him that it had nothing to do with what people think. This _______him even more.
So I went on to explain that behavior, whether in your everyday _______with people or at the dining table at home, is an _______of who you are. Well, at the age of 13, he got it.
So basically, what I am saying is that teaching your children _______comes with the underlying lesson that it is not about _______to do or not to do, but rather, who they are. This way it is not _______; it comes from within.
Teach your teens or children the _______courtesy of greeting their friends’ parents and _______themselves when they go to someone’s home. Teach teenage boys to open the door of a car, or any door _____ anyone who matters, for any girl, whether they are their girlfriends or not. This includes holding elevator doors or letting women step out of the elevator first.
Just _______that teenage boys who practice good manners’ and courtesy grow up to become men who respect people in general.
1.A. knowledge B. wisdom C. manners D. intelligence
2.A. exposed B. limited C. cared D. concerned
3.A. learn B. practice C. remember D. make
4.A. live B. obey C. react D. behave
5.A. gentle B. polite C. comfortable D. kind
6.A. teach B. offer C. guide D. support
7.A. attended to B. brought up C. cared about D. depended on
8.A. answer B. devotion C. apology D. affection
9.A. strangely B. nervously C. calmly D. properly
10.A. reasonable B. important C. wrong D. necessary
11.A. confused B. encouraged C. moved D. pleased
12.A. competition B. argument C. struggle D. interaction
13.A. impression B. expression C. appearance D. attitude
14.A. lessons B. skills C. manners D. examples
15.A. what B. how C. where D. why
16.A. practical B. natural C. gradual D. mechanical
17.A. minor B. formal C. basic D. casual
18.A. pleasing B. Introducing C. enjoying D. amusing
19.A. with B. on C. for D. at
20.A. consider B. confirm C. predict D. remember
Most people actually do not know how to do basic first aid on mild burns. It is normally taken for granted since most people think that soaking (浸泡) the burn with water is the way to go. 1.
Once the burn appears, you will surely feel much pain on the actual burned skin. Technically, this is the time to stay calm. 2. Finding a source of running water is recommended. However, if there is none, any source will do. If there is running water, simply place the burned area under it and allow it to soak the water for about 5 to 10 minutes. 3.If you have access to ice or a cold compress（冷敷布）, you can use that as well. You can place the ice or cold compress on the affected area and leave it there about 15 to 30 minutes. The ice will numb the pain and will also stop more injury on the skin.
After soaking in water or cooling the area with ice, remove from the water source and allow the moisture to dry naturally. You may also consider patting it down dry with a towel or napkin, however, this could damage the burnt skin even more. 4.
As soon as the area dries up completely, get a bandage or a strip of cloth. 5.This will protect that area from infection caused by outside dirt and dust getting into the open burn.
A. Call a doctor may as well help in most burn cases.
B. The thing is that treating a mild burn goes more than just soaking the affected part in water.
C. It is best to dry it naturally instead.
D. Wrap it around the burn to cover the open area of skin.
E. The truth is that soaking is the last thing to do to deal with mild burn.
F. The first thing you will need to do will be to find a clean water source.
G. This will relieve some of the pain, cool down the skin, and stop additional burning.
When I heard the piano, I walked to Mrs. Windsor’s house and waited outside as I always did. That meant she was working with another student, and I was not supposed to bother them by ringing the bell. I stood against the wall and daydreamed what I’d rather be doing. “Almost anything”, I sighed dejectedly. I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions, but I just didn’t have a gift for it. It didn’t come to me naturally. I thought back to happier times when I was writing stories and acting them out with my friends, cutting up old clothes to make dresses that performers wear in plays, and building scenery out of old things we found. But Mrs. Windsor had offered to give me the lessons for free, so I felt my duty to try.
The door opened and Wendy Barton came out. I walked in, sat down on the piano bench and began to sort through my sheet music.
“Hello,” I heard a voice behind me say softly. I turned around to see a little girl standing behind me, eating an apple. But before I could make any response, Mrs. Windsor walked into the room in her usual urgent manner and announced, “Jennifer, this is my niece, Pasha. Pasha, this is Jennifer. Pasha will be giving you your lesson today. I’m up to my ears in something else!” she then exited to the kitchen.
Pasha set her apple down on the side table and slid beside me on the piano bench.
“What piece do you like best?” she asked.
“What do you mean?” I asked. “They’re all the same to me. I don’t know.
“You mean you don’t have a favorite?”
“No, not really.”
Pasha looked at me, rather puzzled, then opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play. I arranged my fingers on the keys and studied the notes on the page for a moment. Then I frowned and concentrated to make the notes on the page match the finger movements. I have to admit I was a rather mechanical pianist.
After about a page or two, Pasha gently put her hand on top of mine as if to calm my fingers. There was a long pause. “What are you hearing in the music?” I looked at her rather strangely and admitted I didn’t know what she meant.
“Like a story. What story is being playing out within the music?”
“I guess I’ve never thought about it before. I don’t know.”
“Here, let me try and you listen,” Pasha advised.
She closed her eyes and took a deep breath, letting her fingers dance lightly over the keys. Then, she began to play. “See, it begins here beside some kind of river. Hear the water flowing beside you?”
Her fingers rose and fell gently on the keys. “Now the princess appears and she’s picking flowers from the water’s edge.”A carefree, happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha’s dancing fingers. “Oh, but she slips!”The music changed. “And our princess is being carried off by the fast-flowing stream. Quickly, the princess’s horse sees her plight (困境),” Pasha continued, “and races to the river’s edge where he swims out to let her catch hold of him. They make it to the bank and she hugs her faithful horse and swears she will never again wear princess skirts that weigh her down.” Pasha finished with a big smile and then looked at me.
“Aren’t you the girl who tells the stories?” she asked.
“I guess. I do tell a lot of stories.”
“Oh, yes! All the kids talk about them. I’ve heard about you. Well, all you have to do is learn to hear the stories in the music. That’s all there is to it.”
“I’ve never thought it that way.”
“Let’s try another one, shall we?”Pasha smiled and together we played that afternoon, finding the stories in the music and learning that sometimes it takes a friend to pull you out of the river onto dry land again.
1.The underlined word “dejectedly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______
A. nervously B. desperately
C. impatiently D. unhappily
2.Jennifer got lost in thought when she ________
A. played the piano with Pasha for the first time
B. listened to Pasha tell her story about the princess
C. remembered happier times of writing stories and acting them out
D. discovered that Mrs. Windsor’s niece would be giving the piano lesson
3.By describing herself as a mechanical pianist, the author showed ______
A. she could remember the notes in a short time
B. she was playing the piano without thinking
C. Pasha was showing off her skills
D. it had been a long time since she played last time
4.Which of the following can best describe Pasha?
A. Creative B. Naughty
C. Humorous D. Brave
5.This text would be probably found in ______
A. a collection of stories about friendship and learning
B. a book of daily records about famous young musicians
C. a magazine series about the challenges of overcoming fears
D. a series of newspaper articles about musical instruments
Tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France’s most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. Scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.
The mountain, believed to have once been a site for prayer, is scattered (散布) with 4,000-year-old drawings cut into bare rock. They include pictures of cows with horns, cultivated fields and various gods and goddesses. But as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti (涂鸦).
Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Committee on Rock Art. He says, “People think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. But if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.”
He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and definition (清晰) of the artwork as they do so. Some visitors, he says, even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. “When people think they can’t take a good enough photograph, they rub the drawings to get a clearer picture,” he said. “The drawings are polished by the weather, and if the sun is shining and the visitors can’t see them properly they simply rub them to make them look fresher.” Other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch (刮) their own drawings, or even their names, in the rocks.
But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a “no-go” area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours. Otherwise, he says, not only will the site be completely destroyed but important research work will be reduced.
Clottes disagrees, “The measure suggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there,” he said. “The site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture, and we must do as much as possible to save what is there.”
David Lavergne, the regional architect, also wants to avoid closing the site. “Henry de Lumley’s idea isn’t ideal,” he said. “Our department feels that the best solution is to let people look at the site, but because the area is very big it is difficult to prevent visitors from damaging it. I would prefer that everyone was able to look at it, but the main problem is money. We do not have the funds to employ the necessary number of guards. We may have to consider charging a fee. It doesn’t seem to be possible to get the government support.”
1.Jean Clottes says that people who visit the mountain____.
A. do not believe the drawings are old. B. believe they are allowed to paint there
C. think the drawings should be left alone D. think the drawings will not disappear
2.According to Jean Clottes, some of the visitors to the area have____.
A. helped to clean the drawings B. taken bits of the rock home
C. been unable to take photographs D. misunderstood what the pictures mean
3.Henry de Lumley is eager to ____.
A. set up research projects B. protect public rights
C. keep out individual visitors D. ban traffic in the area
4.This passage has been written about Mont Bego to ____.
A. advertise the closing of the site
B. warn visitors about the dangers of the site
C. encourage scientists to visit the site
D. describe fears for the future of the site
Most dog owners believe their dogs experience guilt, but animal behaviorists say the “guilty look” of a dog is simply a reaction to you and that dogs lack the ability to feel shame.
Alexandra Horowitz, a psychology professor and principal investigator at the Horowitz Dog Cognition Lab at Columbia University once carried out a study on dog “guilt”. She videotaped 14 dogs in a series of trials and observed how they reacted when their owners left the room after instructing them not to eat a treat. When the owner was gone, Horowitz gave some of the dogs the forbidden treat. Then she would tell the owners whether their dogs had eaten the treat or had behaved. However, Horowitz wasn’t always honest with them.
Horowitz found that the dogs’ “guilty looks” had little to do with whether they’d eaten the treat or not. In fact, dogs that hadn’t eaten it but were scolded by misinformed owners tended to exhibit the most elements of the “guilty look”.
Horowitz says this shows that the dogs’ body language is actually a response to their owner’s behavior---not an experience of shame for a misdeed. Why then, do dogs look so ashamed when we scold them?
Maybe that look of guilt is the result of a learned association. When you scold your dog for chewing up a pair of slippers, he quickly learns that if he lowers his head and tucks his tail, the undesirable response---raised voice and angry expression---is more likely to disappear.
1.According to Horowitz, the dogs’ “guilty look” is _____.
A. the dogs’ nature. B. a reaction to people’s behavior.
C. a direct result of copying people’s behavior. D. a response to a shameful behavior.
2.How was Horowitz’ study carried out？
A. By giving examples. B. By telling her experience.
C. By doing an experiment. D. By reasoning.
3.What might be the most suitable title for the passage ？
A. The “Guilty Look” of the Dog B. Dog without the Sense of Guilt
C. Dogs’ Ability to Feel Shame D. The Study on Dogs
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that dogs were ______.
A. born with the look of guilt B. born with the ability to feel guilty
C. so smart to copy people’s behavior D. so smart to adjust its behavior
