Kong Zi, also called Confucius (551—479B.C.), and Socrates(苏格拉底) (469—399 B.C.) lived only a hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas, and how these ideas in turn, shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical (激进的) than Confucius. Unlike Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively. Thus, Socrates was able to be more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom, and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went out to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: "Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you." He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that the superior class should rule the inferior (下层的) classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern. For Confucius, however, the family was the centre of the society, with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
1.Which of the following is TURE according to the first paragraph?
A. Socrates and Confucius had much in common
B. Confucius had much influence on Socrates’ ideas.
C. The societies were influenced by the philosophers’ ideas.
D. There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece.
2.Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that ________.
A. all men were equal when they were born
B. the lower classed should be ruled by the upper class
C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
3.What made some people different from others according to Confucius?
A. Family. B. Potential. C. Knowledge. D. Community.
4.This passage is organized in the pattern of ________.
A. time and events B. comparison and contrast
C. cause and effect D. definition and classification
JERUSALEM—Israel’s Environmental Protection Ministry asked citizens Wednesday to avoid unnecessary physical activity and stay indoors, as a serious sandstorm struck the Middle East in a thick yellow haze (霾) for a second day with no hope to see things clearly.
The ministry said heavy levels of dust and sand in the air were a threat to cities throughout the country. The ministry’s website advised pregnant women, the elderly and those with heart and respiratory (呼吸的) conditions to stay indoors, and asked schools to keep children indoors.
The emergency service Magen David Adom reported that it has treated more than 300 Israelis suffering from breathing problems, and that hospitals have more respiratory-related patients, including a large number of the elderly and those with asthma and related conditions.
The domestic Israeli airlines Arkia and Israir continued to ground their flights to Eilat because of reduced visibility.
The sandstorm has affected Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, where at least five deaths have been reported.
“There has been nothing that came close to the magnitude of this sandstorm,” said Daniel Rosenfeld, a professor with the Institute of Earth Sciences at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
“While Israel has experienced a number of sandstorms in the past, they started from the Sinai Desert and the Sahara Desert to the south and were joined by winter windstorms that cleared the air,” he said. In this case, the storm comes from Syria and Iraq to the north and east.
Because the storm is hitting during the summer, at a time of both little wind and severe heat and humidity, forecasters expect the particles to remain in the air throughout the weekend and possibly into next week.
“This is really puzzling,” said Rosenfeld, adding that he and his colleague will conduct research into the origins of the unprecedented (前所未有的) storm. (326 words)
1.What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word “ground” in Paragraph 4?
A. add B. reduce
C. cancel D. fuel
2.It can be learned from the text that the sandstorm ________.
A. happened in winter B. showed no sign of weakening
C. came from Syria and Iraq to the south D. could clear the air
3.How did Rosenfeld feel about the origins of the storm?
A. confused B. upset
C. confident D. happy
4.Where does the text probably come from?
A. a novel B. a news story
C. a geography book D. a travel guide
Check out our tsunami (海啸) facts and lean some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.
Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.
Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate (撤离) as possible.
When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.
An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200, 000 people in 14 countries.
In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15, 000 people.
The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”.
Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
1.Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?
A. An earthquake takes place.
B. The water marches towards the coast.
C. The water near the shore is pulled back.
D. The water near the shore is very shallow.
2.In the Tohoku earthquake, over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.
A. the earthquake itself
B. the lack of warming systems
C. the tsunami caused by the earthquake
D. the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The word “tsunami” is from British English.
B. The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.”
C. Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.
D. More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohaku tsunami.
4.The passage is developed mainly by _________.
A. listing some facts B. making some comparison
C. providing some numbers D. making some conclusions
The dream to travel the world has always been in the mind of many. The national geographic and Discovery Channel videos are just not enough. You can only feel the excitement of experiencing all those fascinating wildlife, countryside or adventure tourism documentaries by traveling the world. Here are the best destination countries based on safety, culture, ease of transportation, and accommodation for single travelers in 2018.
Bali Island, Indonesia
The cheapest of all countries to visit. Living in a comfortable room, having three meals a day and a few beers for only 25 dollars per day! Accommodation and goods are cheap everywhere, especially when you move further to the north.
Italy
Lined with olive trees, hilltop towns, and wonderful beaches, Italy is one of the most sought-after destinations; Not forgetting the wine and wine-cooked barbecues. All the cities of Italy are always full of tourists all year around.
Vietnam
Vietnam suburbs or the city of Hanoi is just where you need to be. Amazing landscapes, friendly locals, cheap food and affordable services, Cab services are a mere 10 dollars or less compared to cab services in the States which can get as high as 30 dollars for a couple of blocks away.
France
You don’t talk of France without mentioning Eiffel tower. At night, it gives the most incredible view of France. Avoid the long lines to the tower and book your trip earlier For Catholics or historians, the Notre Dame and its surroundings will attract you with its ancient mummified (制成木乃伊的) cats, while Les Invalides military museum has all types of the world war weapons.
1.Which country will probably be your choice if you like beaches?
A. Indonesia. B. Vietnam.
C. France D. Italy.
2.What can you do in Bali Island?
A. See mummified animals. B. Appreciate splendid scenery.
C. Buy cheap things. D. Have wine-cooked barbecues.
3.What can you infer from the text?
A. You can take a taxi at only 25 dollars in Vietnam.
B. You can see different kinds of weapons in France.
C. You can taste wine and barbecues from all over the world in Italy.
D. You can spend only 10 dollars to have a comfortable day in Indonesia.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Mike来信请你向他介绍一下中国传统节日端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)的习俗。请你给他写封回信，介绍这个节日，内容包括:
1. 端午节的时间和由来；
2. 端午节的习俗；
3. 欢迎他来中国体验。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I am writing to ask you to help to look for the Chinese student.
Yesterday, my roommate Tony was on the way to the classroom when he fall down and could hardly move. Just at that moment, when a Chinese girl came to him. She gave him first aid (急救) but called an ambulance. Because the kind girl, Tony was sent to hospital in time. But the girl left quietly after Tony could express his thanks. The girl is about eighteenth years old and middle-sized. Tony real wants to meet her to express her sincere appreciation. Could you please help to find her?
I am looking forward to hear from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
