Humans and many other mammals have unusually efficient internal temperature regulating systems that automatically maintain stable core body temperatures in cold winters and warm summers. In addition, people have developed cultural patterns and technologies that help them adjust to extremes of temperature and humidity (湿度).
In very cold climates, there is a constant danger of developing hypothermia, which is a life-threatening drop in core body temperature to below normal levels. The normal temperature for humans is about 37.0°C. However, differences in persons and even the time of day can cause it to be as much as 6°C higher or lower in healthy individuals. It is also normal for core body temperature to be lower in elderly people. Hypothermia begins to occur when the core body temperature drops to 34.4°C. Below 29.4°C, the body cools more rapidly because its natural temperature regulating system usually fails. The rapid decline in core body temperature is likely to result in death. However, there have been rare cases in which people have been saved after their temperatures had dropped to 13.9-15.6°C. This happened in 1999 to a Swedish woman who was trapped under an ice sheet in freezing water for 80 minutes. She was found unconscious, not breathing, and her heart had stopped beating, yet she was eventually saved despite the fact that her temperature had dropped to 13.7°C.
In extremely hot climates or as a result of uncontrollable infections, core body temperatures can rise to equally dangerous levels. This is hyperthermia. Life-threatening hyperthermia typically starts in humans when their temperatures rise to 40.6-41.7°C. Only a few days at this extraordinarily high temperature level is likely to result in the worsening of internal organs and death.
1.What keeps our body temperature stable?
A. Culture and technologies. B. The stable earth temperature.
C. Our strong determination. D. Some kind of in-body system.
2.What is a Swedish woman mentioned for in the text?
A. Proving the strength of life.
B. Arguing against some conclusion.
C. Showing the limit on humans’ body temperature.
D. Introducing an exceptional case about our body temperature.
3.Which of the following may cause hyperthermia?
A. Extreme climates. B. Very cold climates.
C. Controllable infections. D. Temperatures below 29.4°C.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Humans’ Temperature Regulating System B. Changes of Body Temperatures
C. Humans’ Temperature D. A Ice Trap Survivor
International Airport Sheremetyevo Moscow
►If You've Lost Personal possessions
On Board
Contact the airline’s representatives
At the Airport
Contact:
-- Sheremetyevo Police Department
…………………………………… +7(495)578-22-55
--Unclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal C
…………………………………… +7(495)578-23-26
--Umclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal D
…………………………………… +7(499)500-65-52
(domestic flights)
+7(495)753-86-41
(international flights)
When collecting Lost and Found items, you shall have an identification document, a boarding pass or a ticket, and also to indicate a place where the items were lost and prove they are yours.
►If Your Luggage Is Lost or Damaged
Before leaving the arrival area, please turn to the Lost and Found counter to file a report. The written claim shall be submitted to the airline company not later than seven days from the time when the luggage was to be collected.
If your luggage is not found within twenty-one days of the time when the claim was filed, you have the right to claim damages in the amount of not more than 600 rubles per kilogram. Amount refunded (退款) for a hand luggage lost through the fault of an airline is not more than 11,000 rubles regardless of its weight. Amount refunded for damaged luggage is calculated based on the tariffs (关税).
Keep your flight documents (a ticket, boarding pass, luggage tag, and delayed luggage report filed at the airport) until the end of the procedure for searching for your luggage.
Current information on luggage-tracing results
…………………………………… +7(495)578-76-65
Lost and Found service of Aeroflot Airlines
…………………………………… +7(495)544-33-25
(from 9:00 to 20:00)
+7(495)753-86-41
(24 hours)
For further information please contact the airline.
1.What should you do if you find your personal possessions lost on board?
A. Turn to the airline’s staff. B. Contact the police office.
C. Submit a claim to the company. D. Go to the Lost and Found counter.
2.How much money can you claim if your 20-kilogram hand luggage is damaged?
A. It depends on its weight. B. It depends on the tariffs.
C. 12,000 rubles at most. D. 11,000 rubles at most.
3.Which number should you dial if you found your luggage missing at midnight on your arrival?
A. +7(495)578-76-65. B. +7(495)578-23-26.
C. +7(495)753-86-41. D. +7(495)544-33-25.
假定你是李华，你校手工俱乐部（Handicraft Club）将邀请民间艺人（folk artist）来校教大家制作灯笼。请给你班的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同参加。内容包括：
1．邀请原因；
2．活动内容；
3．活动时间和地点。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was a math test, for which I have prepared for a long time. So much importance I attach to it that I even felt a little nervous before a test. My heart began to beat wild immediately I took my seat in the classrooms. Looking at the test paper, our mind went blank. I attempted to focus my attention and it was impossible. So I closed my eyes and took a deep breath, try to calm down. It worked. Gradually I recovered from my calmness. Feeling more relaxing, I picked up my pen and began to write.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Iceland is a land of volcanoes. Nowhere is 1.（evident） than on the Westman Islands off the southern coast of Iceland. Here, 2.（century） of volcanic eruptions formed many eye-catching sea cliffs （悬崖）, among 3. one stands out: A part of the volcano-formed coast on Heimaey looks exactly like the head of a large elephant 4.（stick）its trunk in the water.
In fact, it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans. That is not 5. case, however. The elephant’s realistic 6.（appear）is, at least partially, due to the fact that the cliff 7.（consist）of a special rock. The rock gives the figure “skin” that looks wrinkled and gray, just like that of a real elephant.
The most common theory is that the rock formations came from the Eldfell Volcano, which 8.（erupt）many times since the 1940s.
In spite of the strong resemblance to an elephant, some people 9.（actual）see something different when they look at the rock formation. They see the fictional character Cthulhu, a sea beast.
Whether you see an elephant 10. a fictional beast, as one of many attractions on Heimaey, the rock does draw curious sightseers.
“Mom, I don’ t like you,” my two-year-old son said.
“Okay...is that ______ you love me?” I asked.
“No, you’ re not lovely.”
That night, as I washed my face, I ______ a little longer in the mirror—not because I was hurt by his ______, but because I noticed there was no light in my ______.
I took out a pen and started writing a list—a list to ______ myself; a list to put sparkle（火花）back into my eyes. I once made many lists but ______ accomplished anything. This time would be ______!
The first goal on my list I wanted to achieve was ______ a Polar Plunge to raise money for the Special Olympics. On that day, when I ______ into my 1980s workout clothes, Jack smiled, “Mom, you look ______.” Maybe, just maybe some light ______ my eyes.
When coming out of the cold lake I felt happy and proud. I kept screaming, “I ______ it !” But one of the most exciting parts of the day was when I stood in front of my ______, which was taped on the refrigerator door. I ______ item number one. With that, I began to take back my life.
Everyone taking part in the Polar Plunge received a ______. Whenever I wore it, Jack asked, “Is that your Polar Plunge clothing?” I answered ______, “Yes!” “I want to do that too.” I was happy he remembered I jumped into a ______ lake, and that he wanted to do activities with me.
With each ______ crossed off（划掉） the list, a piece of myself is ______. Not only am I showing my family it’ s important to ______, but I’ m showing myself that I’ m worth it.
1.A. how B. where C. whether D. because
2.A. washed B. looked C. stayed D. felt
3.A. behavior B. statement C. question D. rudeness
4.A. face B. life C. eyes D. thoughts
5.A. defeat B. save C. explain D. teach
6.A. seldom B. always C. yet D. almost
7.A. complete B. similar C. unforgettable D. different
8.A. learning from B. setting up C. looking into D. participating in
9.A. jumped B. changed C. ran D. burst
10.A. nervous B. calm C. pretty D. cold
11.A. slid away B. approached to C. got out of D. came back to
12.A. did B. got C. missed D. appreciated
13.A. mirror B. son C. list D. photo
14.A. ticked B. added C. built D. enlarged
15.A. souvenir B. medal C. cap D. shirt
16.A. patiently B. embarrassingly C. proudly D. unwillingly
17.A. huge B. freezing C. beautiful D. deep
18.A. letter B. date C. name D. goal
19.A. returning B. disappearing C. united D. cured
20.A. work B. dream C. learn D. share
