Feel tired and want to have a break? People have many different ways to relax during break time at work or school. Smartphones are probably the number one choice for a quick mental vacation.
Although it might seem like a good time, looking at your cellphone may damage your mental power, according to a recent psychological study from Rutgers University in the United States.
For the study, more than 400 students were asked to finish a set of 20 word puzzles. Halfway through the task, the students were divided into three groups. One group was allowed to take a break and use cellphones to buy things online. The second group was asked to have a rest and buy things using a computer. The last group didn’t take any break at all.
Interestingly, the group that used their cellphones during the break went back to work feeling the most tired and least motivated to continue. They also had the hardest time solving the remaining word puzzles.
The cellphone group took 19 percent longer to finish the rest of the task, and solved 22 percent fewer problems than those in the other break conditions combined.
Terri Kurtzberg, co-author of the study, explained that they assumed looking at cellphones during a break would be no different from any other break – but instead, the phone may cause increasing levels of distraction that make it difficult to return focused attention to work tasks.
“Cellphones may have this effect because even just seeing your phone activates thoughts of checking messages, connecting with people, access to ever-refilling information and more, in ways that are different than how we use other screens like computers, and laptops,” Kurtzberg told Science Daily.
This is echoed (呼应) by a 2017 study from the US University of Chicago. It found that even if cellphones are turned off or turned face down, their mere presence reduces a person’s cognitive capacity (认知能力).
So, during your next break, try putting your smartphone away. Go out for a walk, get to know your classmates or even take a nap (小憩). You may be surprised by the result.
1.What did the study find about using cellphones during breaks?
A.It could make people more motivated at work.
B.It could reduce one’s ability to solve problems.
C.It could be beneficial both physically and mentally.
D.It could affect one’s relationships with others.
2.What does the underlined word “activate” probably mean in paragraph 7?
A.motivate B.associate. C.appreciate D.imitate.
3.What can we learn about cellphones from Kurtzberg’s words?
A.They may influence people in the same way as computers do.
B.They may make it hard for people to concentrate on work.
C.Their negative influence is almost impossible to avoid.
D.They have become a necessary part of people’s lives.
4.What does the author suggest people do during break time?
A.Turn off their cellphones. B.Keep their cellphones face down.
C.Replace cellphones with laptops. D.Keep their cellphones out of sight.
For some in China, the aim of travel is to create 15-second videos on a social-media app, dou yin. As a matter of fact, tourism is for recreation and leisure. The world Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four hours.Nowadays, apart from the traditional forms , a variety of new types of traveling are emerging.
Experiential travel
Last year's travel trend was "experiential travel". This is where tourists look for ways to get to know local culture and interact with local people so they feel less like an outsider but more like a resident.
Transformative travel
It usually goes through three stages – you go to a place that has a very different background than where you come from, you learn wisdom from the new culture and the people you meet, and finally you return home and apply the knowledge to your own life and the lives of those around you.
This last stage is how the “transformation” is completed and what separates transformative travel from experiential travel.
Eco-friendly travel
One way to plan a low-impact trip is to travel a shorter distance, which can reduce your carbon footprint. "One trans-Atlantic flight equals a year's worth of driving, so consider planning an adventure closer to home," according to US News.
Dark travel
Chernobyl is one of the most popular examples of the phenomenon known as dark tourism — a term for visiting sites associated with death and suffering, such as Nazi concentration camps in Europe or the 9/11 Memorial and Museum in New York.
1.In which column can we read this passage in the newspaper?
A.Advertising B.News C.Sports. D.Entertainment
2.Choosing the Transformative travel, you can__________
A.feel less like a local resident B.reduce carbon emission
C.put what you have learned into practice D.pay a visit to the sites related to sufferings .
3.Which of the following is suitable for the environmentalists?
A.Experiential travel B.Transformative travel
C.Eco-friendly travel D.Dark travel
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.How do students enter the library?
A.With a library account. B.With a student card. C.With a password.
2.What is the maximum number of books current students can borrow?
A.12. B.11. C.9.
3.What kind of books have to be returned within one week?
A.Books borrowed by local residents. B.Books liked by a lot of people.
C.Books published recently.
4.What will the speaker do next?
A.Tell the students where to get bottled water.
B.Take the students on a campus tour.
C.Show the students around the library.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What is the woman doing?
A.Hosting a TV show. B.Giving a lecture on poetry.
C.Conducting a radio debate.
2.How did the man’s mother contribute to his success in poetry?
A.She sent him to poetry classes. B.She taught him to write business plans.
C.She asked him to read from early childhood.
3.What does the man find most difficult in writing?
A.Choosing the right words. B.Describing real experiences.
C.Getting an appropriate opportunity.
4.What does the man say about his own writing?
A.Creative. B.Successful. C.Encouraging.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.How far away is Hill Farm?
A.Nearly a mile. B.Just one mile. C.More than a mile.
2.Which is the route to Hill Farm?
A.Left track → bridge → road. B.Road → left track → bridge.
C.Bridge → road → left track.
3.What would the man like the woman to do towards the end of the conversation?
A.Give him a ride. B.Repeat what she said. C.Walk him to Hill Farm.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Why is Jane upset?
A.David fell in love with her. B.Kevin made up stories about her.
C.She made a mistake in calculation.
2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student. B.Father and daughter. C.Employer and employee.
