It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack.
She didn’t share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.
While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internet—and they have very real bad consequences.
False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰剂效应) ”. Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention (干预) simply because they believe they will—that’s the placebo effect (安慰剂效应) . The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience harmful effects because they anticipate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs.
What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines (疫苗) . False concerns that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates.
Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation—many of whom refuse alternative therapies. “Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, they’re actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells,” one fake news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled cell mutations (变异) .
Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should do a better job of spreading accurate information.
1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A.the woman paid little attention to her daily diets
B.the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the woman’s heart attack
C.the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the woman
D.the woman didn’t take the prescription due to fake medical news
2.According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients ________.
A.neglect necessary treatment B.discontinue the harmful drugs
C.believe the benefits of an intervention D.suffer more side effects
3.What does the author mean by claiming that “he is not a free-speech lawyer” in the last paragraph?
A.He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.
B.He is good at speaking because of his job.
C.He is available to give a speech on the law.
D.He is very cautious when speaking something
4.The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A.remind us to take medication as prescribed
B.warn us against fake medical news on the Internet
C.encourage journalists to report more positive news events
D.teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet
For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and our status to a considerable extent. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, and that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. For the foreseeable future, however, the material and psychological rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer.
Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions where their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, imagination or initiative.
Inequality at work is still one of the most glaring (明显的) forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we handle it determinedly.
The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities. They are constantly learning. They are able to exercise responsibility. They have a considerable degree of control over their own and others’ working lives. Most important of all, they have opportunities to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, work is a boring, dull, even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in intolerable conditions. The majority have little control over their work. It provides them with no opportunity for personal development. Many jobs are so routine that workers feel themselves to be mere cogs (齿轮) in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers feel alienated (疏远) from their work and their firm.
1.In the writer’s opinion, people judge others mainly by ________.
A.the type of work they do B.the place where they work
C.the time they spend at work D.the amount of money they earn
2.According to the writer, to solve problems in an industrial society, we ________.
A.should create more working opportunities for the poor
B.have to get rid of the unequal aspects in work
C.had better cancel all managing positions in a company
D.should encourage the manual workers to promote efficiency
3.What advantage does the writer say managers have over workers?
A.They won’t be out of work.
B.They get time off to learn constantly.
C.They can work at what interests them.
D.They have complete control over themselves.
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America’s most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour.
$65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
— $23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.
$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
1.What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A.The ticket is available on site. B.It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C.Visitors are forbidden to take photos. D.The number of visitors is not limited.
2.How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour tickets in
advance?
A.$34 B.$63.
C.$40. D.$54.
It was our first Thanksgiving in the new house and I wanted everything to be perfect. But my plan for everyone to contribute some preparation work had been _________ by my husband's business trip. Even worse, a critical project for me that week had_________two days of planned vacation. By Wednesday, my vision of a table with fresh flowers, _________drinking glasses and various homemade desserts had already_________ away, I just hoped that I'd find a clean tablecloth and eight_________forks.
In my perfect Thanksgiving, there wouldn't be any orange in my salad because It hadn't made the grocery list. There would be no perfect family photos to record that day because I hadn't got the broken camera_________. Someone had brought home the wrong toilet paper, which was the last straw that made me_________.
I don’t remember what my son asked me as he was vacuuming（吸尘）, _______I do remember twisting into that mean-and-tight mom-face before barking out an _______. This combination of noise and anger is a universal signal to kids everywhere that they might as well __________ me. But he didn’t.
Instead of disappearing from view, my second-grader turned __________ the vacuum and walked across the room to__________me. He never said a word. He just__________ his arms around me, making me feel __________of myself until today.
It turned out a(n)__________ Thanksgiving. The people I loved gathered around my table and dined just one choice of the pie. My dad used a mismatched fork without __________. My daughter drew a picture of us where everyone smiled.
My son took a(n)__________ to teach me that sometimes we need a hug most when we are __________huggable. This is the best gift you can give. One size__________ all and no one ever minds if you __________ .
1.A.damaged B.ruined C.destroyed D.robbed
2.A.claimed B.offered C.saved D.spared
3.A.useful B.rough C.delicate D.ordinary
4.A.melted B.turned C.given D.come
5.A.amazing B.amusing C.satisfying D.matching
6.A.developed B.fixed C.delivered D.hired
7.A.defend B.compromise C.sigh D.explode
8.A.but B.so C.for D.until
9.A.excuse B.apology C.order D.answer
10.A.criticize B.praise C.avoid D.comfort
11.A.on B.up C.off D.away
12.A.challenge B.face C.question D.trick
13.A.crossed B.raised C.bent D.wrapped
14.A.proud B.ashamed C.confident D.astonished
15.A.fashionable B.disappointing C.perfect D.effective
16.A.hesitation B.doubt C.complaint D.permission
17.A.risk B.break C.opportunity D.lead
18.A.most B.worst C.best D.least
19.A.fits B.goes C.agrees D.matches
20.A.receive B.return C.recover D.remind
—I’m burnt out as I’ve been working on my essay all the time.
— ____________. You’ll surely make it.
A. Don’t put on airs B. Give me a break
C. Don’t get on my nerve D. Hang in there
Tom did not _____easily, but was willing to accept any helpful advice for a worthy cause.
A.approach B.wrestle C.compromise D.communicate
