A typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible thinking, according to new research from Duke University.
Better problem-solving was just one positive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible thinking about race and other social groupings—a behavior that could be valuable in an increasingly diverse society.
In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities，such as son，daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multiple physical attributes，such as a mouth，arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasks
Children who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honey-filled beehive(蜂窝)high up in a tree，these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were reminded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children，meanwhile, primarily grouped people’s faces by race and gender(性别).
The-study suggests ways to promote flexible thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers." Gaither said.
“We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time，” Gaither said. “When kids think that they have various identities，they show greater abilities. ’’
1.What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments?
A.Play different kinds of roles. B.Remind others of their roles.
C.Approach several tasks. D.Classify a group of tasks.
2.How does the author mainly clarify the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4?
A.By giving examples. B.By using experts’ words.
C.By listing a few figures. D.By showing cause and effect.
3.What can we learn from Sarah Gaither’s words?
A.Improving 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching.
B.Kids tend to behave selflessly after thinking about their roles.
C.Kids’ creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develop.
D.Teachers are supposed to make the most of the kids’ flexibility.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Kids' Social Abilities Are Consistent with. Their Education
B.Considering Their Various Roles Improves Kids’ Abilities
C.Kids Have a Variety of Identities in Their Daily Life.
D.Problem-solving Ability Is Necessary for Most Kids.
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. The new software will allow researchers and wildlife conservationists to significantly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published in Science Advances.
For species(物种)like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years，getting photos of their behavior taken from short-term field research can only tell us so much，” says Dan Schofield， researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Private Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files , it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term. ’’
The computer model was trained using over 10 million images(影像):from Kyoto University s Primate Research Institute(PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea,West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individual a wide range of poses, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.
“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use deep neural networks to train models to a degree that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrad, co-auther of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineer Science ,University of Oxford .” Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to videos with limited manual intervention(人工干预)，saving hours of time. ”
The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve(解决)a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
1.What is the purpose of developing the new soft?
A.To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the labs.
B.To keep track of wildlife conservationists' behaviors.
C.To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer .
D.To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
2.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Getting photos. B.Analyzing videos.
C.A powerful machine D.The new AI software.
3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.The working principle of the new software. B.Some limitations of using the new software.
C.The unique advantages of the new software. D.Controversial attitudes to the new software.
4.What can be known from the last paragraph?
A.Technology advance is the final goal of science
B.The new software won’t just be applied to chimpanzees.
C.AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
D.The application of the new technology isn’t easy.
A dog spent the last four years of his life waiting at a crossroad in the Thai city of Khon Kaen as if waiting for someone. At first people thought the dog had been abandoned, but then realized that he looked healthy, so people asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad, but a woman had been coming round regularly to bring him food and water.
One day, while photographing the dog everyone called Leo, a reporter met the woman who had been taking care of him. She had come to drop off some food. After learning the story about the dog and the woman, the reporter decided to share the story on social media. The post soon went viral and the photos of Leo got shared hundreds of times. And the photos reached the eyes of Leo’s old owner.
Nang Noi Sittisarn, a 64-year-old woman from Thailand’s Roi Et Province, almost had a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog named BonBon she had lost during a car trip. When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years, her heart melted (融化).
Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting. When she got there and called his name. BonBon, the poor dog started wiggling (扭动) his tail and came to her, but when she tried to take him home with her, he was unwilling to follow. She didn’t want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master. However, she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly.
1.Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner?
A.He walked around the crossroad constantly.
B.He was kept at a woman’s home all the time.
C.A local reporter brought him food and water.
D.A woman looked after him on a regular basis.
2.What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Changed surprisingly. B.Spread quickly.
C.Appeared gradually. D.Fell directly.
3.How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dog’s waiting for her?
A.Shocked. B.Regretful. C.Touched. D.Proud.
4.What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog?
A.We need to learn to be faithful and thankful.
B.Unbelievable success is worth waiting for.
C.We should appreciate everyone we meet.
D.No one knows the result until the last minute.
Camper Lunch Program
We are pleased to offer the Camper Lunch Program for full-day campers or campers participating in both morning and afternoon half-day camps.
Lunch at the Overlake School
At the Overlake School in Redmond, you can sign up for lunch at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by the school cafeteria including a hot main dish and a salad bar option. Limited diet restrictions can be accommodated in advance. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday.
.$ 40 for 5-day camp week
.$ 32 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at View Seattle
Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的)lunch menus. Besides, camper with allergies or sensitivities are encouraged to bring their own lunch.
.$ 40 for 5-day camp week
.$ 38 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at St. Thomas School
At St. Thomas School, lunch and snacks are provided by SAGE Dining. Lunch includes a hot main dish, a salad bar and sandwich options. Campers also receive two snacks per day.
.S 50 for 5-day camp week
.$45 for 4-day camp week
Lunch at Pacific Science Center
At Pacific Science Center, you can sign up at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by our very own Pacific Science Center Cafe. Every day, standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4: 00 pm on Wednesday.
$ 45 for 5-day camp week
$ 36 for 4-day camp week
1.Which program can a camper with a budget of $ 35 choose?
A.Lunch at the Overlake School. B.Lunch at View Seattle.
C.Lunch at St. Thomas School. D.Lunch at Pacific Science Center.
2.What are campers for Lunch at View Seattle required to do?
A.Stay far away from anything with allergies. B.Choose their lunch preferences in advance.
C.Avoid bringing their own lunch for any reason. D.Send emails to offer advice on improving lunch.
3.What do the last two programs have in common?
A.They receive registrations only on Wednesday. B.They encourage campers to bring some snacks.
C.They are mainly intended for vegetarian campers. D.They provide campers with two snacks each day.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What are the listeners expected to do in London?
A.Tour shoe stores. B.Walk quite a lot. C.Hand in money.
2.What will be offered in a listener’s room?
A.A copy of the weekend’s schedule in London.
B.A pair of comfortable shoes for walking around .
C.A list of tips on how to avoid unpleasant accidents.
3.What is most probably the speaker?
A.A hotel manager. B.A police officer. C.A tourist guide.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Why does the woman feel excited?
A.She will attend a training program in Europe.
B.She will spend a summer holiday with the man.
C.She will stay in her own apartment for relaxation.
2.What is the woman s attitude towards her apartment?
A.Unconcerned B.favorable C.Disappointed
3.When will the woman set off from her apartment?
A.In June. B.In July. C.In August.
4.What will the man do for the woman?
A.Inform Jim of her recent research.
B.Ask Jim to clean her apartment.
C.Recommend her apartment to Jim.
