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As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The “carpenter” thinks that his or her child can1.(shape). “The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you^e going to be able to turn your child 2.a particular kind of adult，” she said

The “gardener”，however, is seldom concerned about 3. (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space 4.explore). The style is all about:“creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse，active ecosystem”.

Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. " Many parents are carpenters, and 5.is really necessary for them to bring up their children.” She spent decades researching children's development and finally 6.(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become7. (anxiety),tense or unhappy.

"We re so concerned about our children 8. we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we’ re unwilling to allow them to 9. (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the 10. (little)that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.

    I made a request of my Guide to direct me someone who was badly in need. Then I was ____ in a huge traffic jam at a stoplight. “Rush hour. ’’ I thought. But it was an overheated car,___ on the middle lane(车道).With cars driving all around it，I couldn’t stop anywhere without making things_____ I had to turn left in the thick traffic and couldn’t pull over for a couple of blocks. I thought,”maybe this is one I should let someone else _____ But I blamed myself for that.

I turned around and parked my car on a far entrance road. Then I thought about how to help the girl in the broken car. Letting her car off the highway seemed ____,but luckily, cars in multiple lane going both ___ opened wide for me to approach her car. So I asked her to release(松开)her brake and steer(掌控方向盘) across two more lanes of rushing cars while I ____ her car to the highway’ s right side. I saw the fear and ____ in her eyes. I ____ my fear from her, so she might think I knew what I was doing. But only my Guide knew.

I just pushed and she steered. Once again the sea of rushing cars____ and her car finally was stopped at a safe ____ just before a police car ____ up behind us. The policeman was ____ at what he had witnessed. The girl thanked me with a ____ and said her friend was on the ____ and didn’t need my help anymore. Suddenly, the officer began to ____ thinking my car was ____ parked in the ocean of traffic. I explained I parked my car across the highway. I then drove away after helping out for only a few ____.

My Guide sought the “kind act” ____ and cleared the way. All I had to do was ____ being a bystander(旁观者).

1.A.lost B.settled C.caught D.absorbed

2.A.noisy B.dead C.loose D.slow

3.A.fewer B.clearer C.busier D.worse

4.A.deal with B.touch on C.look into D.take down

5.A.impossible B.unwise C.unimportant D.improper

6.A.casually B.instantly C.usually D.officially

7.A.drove B.carried C.pushed D.dragged

8.A.dishonesty B.regret C.hate D.disbelief

9.A.saved B.hid C.borrowed D.protected

10.A.froze B.exploded C.parted D.crowded

11.A.spot B.height C.destination D.target

12.A.broke B.blocked C.grew D.pulled

13.A.embarrassed B.amazed C.disappointed D.excited

14.A.wish B.goodbye C.greeting D.smile

15.A.menu B.scene C.way D.watch

16.A.panic B.apologize C.escape D.hesitate

17.A.nearly B.already C.still D.only

18.A.rounds B.days C.times D.minutes

19.A.chance B.routine C.subject D.story

20.A.understand B.resist C.mind D.prohibit

    We often spend a lot of time complaining about the things we don’t have or thinking about the things we want to have in future, and forget those things we have now. 1. One of the best ways is to make a list of all the things you are grateful for.

Having a comfortable family

Even if you have a difficult relationship with your parents, you should be thankful to your family. Whether you come from a small quiet family or a big noisy one, remember that these people truly love you, even if they don’t show it.2..

Having a good relationship with friends

3., be grateful for having them, even if you have only one. Personally I can say that one good friend is always better than a few so-called friends. Be thankful to your friends and try to remind them how much you care as often as possible.

4..

We often forget our health until we are sick. Whether you have a headache or something more serious, you can’t accomplish your tasks and you can’t focus on anything else. If you are a healthy person，be thankful for it each day, and make sure you lead a healthy lifestyle.

Valuing the past failures and mistakes

Every person should be grateful for their failures and mistakes. Every failed relationship or missed job chance makes you a better person. 5. . Just don’t dwell(细想)too much on your past.

A. Keeping your body in a good situation

B. No matter how many friends you have

C. Realizing the condition of your sickness

D. They will always be ready to help you in any situation

E. When your friends point out your past failures and mistakes

F. If you fell down, you should remind yourself that you are actually a happy person

G. Sometimes mistakes are great since they help you become better if you learn from them

    A typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible thinking, according to new research from Duke University.

Better problem-solving was just one positive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible thinking about race and other social groupings—a behavior that could be valuable in an increasingly diverse society.

In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities，such as son，daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multiple physical attributes，such as a mouth，arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasks

Children who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honey-filled beehive(蜂窝)high up in a tree，these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were reminded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children，meanwhile, primarily grouped people’s faces by race and gender(性别).

The-study suggests ways to promote flexible thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers." Gaither said.

“We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time，” Gaither said. “When kids think that they have various identities，they show greater abilities. ’’

1.What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments?

A.Play different kinds of roles. B.Remind others of their roles.

C.Approach several tasks. D.Classify a group of tasks.

2.How does the author mainly clarify the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4?

A.By giving examples. B.By using experts’ words.

C.By listing a few figures. D.By showing cause and effect.

3.What can we learn from Sarah Gaither’s words?

A.Improving 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching.

B.Kids tend to behave selflessly after thinking about their roles.

C.Kids’ creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develop.

D.Teachers are supposed to make the most of the kids’ flexibility.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Kids' Social Abilities Are Consistent with. Their Education

B.Considering Their Various Roles Improves Kids’ Abilities

C.Kids Have a Variety of Identities in Their Daily Life.

D.Problem-solving Ability Is Necessary for Most Kids.

    Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. The new software will allow researchers and wildlife conservationists to significantly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published in Science Advances.

For species(物种)like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years，getting photos of their behavior taken from short-term field research can only tell us so much，” says Dan Schofield， researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Private Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files , it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term. ’’

The computer model was trained using over 10 million images(影像):from Kyoto University s Primate Research Institute(PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea,West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individual a wide range of poses, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.

“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use deep neural networks to train models to a degree that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrad, co-auther of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineer Science ,University of Oxford .” Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to videos with limited manual intervention(人工干预)，saving hours of time. ”

The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve(解决)a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.

1.What is the purpose of developing the new soft?

A.To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the labs.

B.To keep track of wildlife conservationists' behaviors.

C.To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer .

D.To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Getting photos. B.Analyzing videos.

C.A powerful machine D.The new AI software.

3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?

A.The working principle of the new software. B.Some limitations of using the new software.

C.The unique advantages of the new software. D.Controversial attitudes to the new software.

4.What can be known from the last paragraph?

A.Technology advance is the final goal of science

B.The new software won’t just be applied to chimpanzees.

C.AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.

D.The application of the new technology isn’t easy.