Antarctica(南极洲)’s melting ice, which has caused global sea levels to rise by at least 13.8 millimeters over the past 40 years, was thought to primarily come from the unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS). Now, scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS)—considered largely unaffected by climate change—may also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed.
The WAIS, whose base is below sea level, has long been considered the most likely to break down. Besides gravity, a deep current of warm water slips beneath the sheet, melting it from below until it becomes a floating shelf at risk of breaking away. In contrast, extreme cold and a base mostly above sea level are thought to keep the EAIS relatively safe from warm waters.
But as greenhouse gases warm much of the planet, driving stronger polar winds, some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to invade East Antarctica’s once unassailable ice. A cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year, published in Nature, estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992 to 2017.
Eric Rignot of the University of California, Irvine, and colleagues combined 40 years of satellite imagery and climate modeling and found that overall Antarctica now sends six times more ice into the sea each year than it did in 1979, with the majority coming from West Antarctica. But East Antarctica was responsible for more than 30% of Antarctica’s contribution to the 13.8-millimeter sea level rise over the past 40 years. “The more we look at this system the more we realize this is fragile,” Rignot says. “Once these glaciers become unstable there is no red button to press to stop it.”
Rignot hopes the study brings greater attention to a part of Antarctica that has traditionally been understudied. Helen Fricker, a glaciologist (冰川学家) in California, agrees. “We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just can’t do that without international cooperation.”
1.What is the new finding of scientists?
A.The east Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate.
B.The west Antarctica is melting six times faster than in 1979.
C.5 billion tons of ice is added to Antarctica each year.
D.The sea level has risen by 13.8 mm over the past 40 years.
2.Which factor leads to the EAIS’s melting fast?
A.A base mostly over sea level. B.The force of gravity.
C.The invasion of a warm current. D.Extremely low temperature.
3.Which of the following best explains “unassailable” underlined in Para. 3 ?
A.Fragile. B.Unattackable.
C.Mild. D.Unstable.
4.Which way does Helen Fricker specially advocate?
A.Satellite imagery. B.Global monitoring.
C.Worldwide climate modeling. D.Worldwide combined efforts.
Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen? According to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing users’ profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the same products to different users with different prices.
Companies also try other ways to make money, making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always offer 120 seconds’ advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to “enjoy” 15-second “private” ads. By broadcasting them, companies make huge profits — second to the membership fees. Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services. Users seem to be lambs(羊羔) among wolves. Even though they say, “Since you have money, I’ll charge you more”, we can’t do anything about it.
It pains us that we haven’t figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not finding a way to fight back, we can’t do anything but accept them passively.
1.How does big data serve companies according to the text?
A.By being kind to all users.
B.By giving a discount to stable users.
C.By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.
D.By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.
2.What do we know from the third paragraph?
A.Membership can rid you of all the ads.
B.Only by being a VIP can you get a better service.
C.The slow download speed is due to your poor network.
D.Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.
3.What is the author’ attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back?
A.Uncertain. B.Casual.
C.Negative. D.Positive.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.The big data provides helpful information to users.
B.We have to accept online consumption as it is.
C.There exist many online consumption traps.
D.Regular customers are richer.
Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao，Spain
Built in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world.It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination.The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.
The Louvre in Paris，France
Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world，the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci.Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small，but mysterious painting of the smiling woman.But，the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”．The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.
The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America
Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012，the Barnes Foundation is “unique”in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection.Dr.Albert C．Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected，among others，the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence，Italy
Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time.The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls.Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli，such as “The Birth of Venus”．Classic artworks from nearly 1，000 years ago describe religious events of the time.
1.Which of the following is the most popular?
A.The Louvre.
B.The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.
C.The Barnes Foundation.
D.The Uffizi Gallery.
2.What makes the Barnes Foundation particular?
A.Its structure. B.Its collection.
C.Its location. D.Its history.
3.What type of writing is this text?
A.An activity poster.
B.An exhibition announcement.
C.An art show review.
D.A travel guide.
最近，我校就同学们的习惯养成问题展开了讨论。请你根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇题为A good habit, a successful life 的短文，发表在学校的网站上。
良好的学习习惯 | 1.上课注意力集中；2.充分利用自习时间；3.独立完成作业。 |
良好的生活习惯 | 1.健康饮食；2.正常锻炼；3.充足睡眠。 |
养成良好的习惯的好处 | （考生结合自身感受补充两点） |
注意：1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；
2.词数120左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数；
3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等；
4.参考词汇：自习 independent study。
A good habit, a successful life
A habit is something that you do often or regularly almost without thinking, especially something that is hard to stop doing.
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语法填空
A short trailer (预告片) has attracted huge attention on China’s social media platform, with many netizens 1.(regard) the short video as the “best commercial video of 2019”. It tells a 2.(touch) story that highlights Chinese families.
In the beginning, 3. senior man named Li Yubao living in a remote rural area asked his grandson on the phone what gifts he wanted for the Spring Festival, only 4. (hear) the word “Peppa” due to the poor mobile signal. Therefore, the man began his journey to discover who Peppa is. 5. the help of neighbors, he found the answer, created a Peppa Pig model using metals, and 6.(surprise) his grandson.
The 5-minute trailer is advertising the upcoming animated film Peppa Celebrates Chinese New Year, 7. is set to hit big screens on Feb 5, the first day of the Chinese New Year of the Pig. The short video encourages people working outside to return home often and accompany their family 8.(member) to spend a happy and warm Spring Festival holiday.
“After watching it, I want to go back to my hometown 9.(immediate). I 10.(be) away from my home for almost one year, and I miss my family very much,” said a Sina Weibo user.
As children enter and move through their school years, they become increasingly able to manage matters like homework and school projects on their own. _______, each year they should take on more responsibilities in the classroom and at home. These daily chores (家务) and responsibilities are an important part of learning that life requires _______, not just play.
Normally, of course, children are still single-minded with their _______ to have fun. While they may join in, particularly if _______ gives them time with their parents, children are not _______ to ask for household tasks, and parents often need to assign responsibilities as part of _______ to the family. At this age, many children find it difficult to _______ their chores, at least initially. Responsibility and initiative (积极性) are learned through a _______ process of guidance and reward.
As your own child takes on more responsibilities, he or she will probably have periods of acting _______, procrastinating(拖延) and dawdling (懒散). Most children do. During these times, parents need to step in and, with encouragement and gentle guidance, point him in the ________ direction.
Sometimes parents may demand too much ________ their children, or may see a problem in everything their children do. They may ________ them with too many responsibilities — an unfair number of chores, extra hours of taking care of younger siblings or a too strict schedule of after-school activities. When that happens, children may ________ taking on any responsibility at all. Parents need to ________ this kind of overloading, while still making sure that their youngsters are assuming a(n) ________ of responsibility. Children, of course ________ in the personalities. Some are simply not very persistent in the middle of chores. Others have difficulty getting organized. ________ others have trouble shifting from one activity to another. You should have a good ________ of your child’s style, and shape your ________ accordingly.
Children need to have some obligations and duties within the family, ________ they will notlearn to accept responsibility.
1.A.Next B.Also C.Therefore D.Alike
2.A.work B.music C.love D.sport
3.A.courage B.time C.effort D.desire
4.A.helping out B.coming out C.running out D.trying out
5.A.anxious B.likely C.afraid D.able
6.A.attending B.belonging C.appealing D.referring
7.A.check B.present C.record D.complete
8.A.gradual B.virtual C.casual D.punctual
9.A.inaccurately B.irresponsibly C.illegally D.impolitely
10.A.free B.usual C.right D.same
11.A.of B.with C.in D.out
12.A.replace B.compare C.combine D.burden
13.A.forget B.resist C.forgive D.risk
14.A.carry B.offer C.prevent D.protect
15.A.temporary B.limited C.universal D.appropriate
16.A.conflict B.differ C.fail D.change
17.A.Still B.Only C.Again D.Almost
18.A.point B.taste C.sense D.place
19.A.collections B.assumptions C.expectations D.conditions
20.A.and B.but C.for D.or
