阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese high-speed railways are a very comfortable way to travel. They are clean, quiet and1.(efficiency). China 2. (lead) other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train came into use in 2008.
The stations are 3. (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4. (connect) the high-speed network. The 5. (facility) on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class chairs provide plenty of space. The passages are wide and you can move easily, not 6. (disturb) anyone. You can use your mobile phone or work on your laptop, having access 7. the Internet. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8. (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesn’t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.
What’s more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also 9. (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10.delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.
As I stood at the base of the mountain range beside a remote African village, the male villagers all repeated the same question: Are you certain you want to climb the mountain?
It had______been climbed by local and foreign men, and local women, but a Western female, who had______ unaccompanied and wanted to climb the mountain, was quite _______
I explained that I'd been______for some time-in research and in physical strength-and showed them the______I had got from their government authorizing my climb.I stressed that Id be very______to keep their local traditions and hire one of their villagers as a guide, but it seemed to do little to reduce their_______
The male villagers told me that the"quick mud"I' d meet would swallow me.While they couldn’t remember anyone this bad actually______, they seemed convinced it was a real ______.The village women,however ,smiled at me, indicating their______for my climb.
The men______relaying stories of unpredictable danger.However, I was______ because my aunt's words kept ______in my ears-the greatest risk is not taking a risk, and we should always ______our dreams.
Eventually, the men agreed to a(n)______that seemed to put them at ease with my climb.Besides the local guide I'd hire, they also______ me to hire three men guards with guns, for protection.
As I started walking down the dirt path toward the mountain, I was______not only by my new mountain support team, but also by every village woman.While two women walked hand-in-hand with me, the others danced in circles around us as if in ______of a victory.
I knew I wasn’t the first Western female to make the climb.But with the women villagers______accompanying me, I felt a strong sense of ______.And I suspected they felt the same.
1.A.formally B.fortunately C.especially D.surely
2.A.achieved B.wandered C.arrive D.explored
3.A.rare B.typical C.disgusting D.ridiculous
4.A.consulting B.attempting C.preparing D.operating
5.A.reward B.invitation C.command D.permit
6.A.generous B.pleased C.curious D.regretful
7.A.concerns B.thrills C.surprises D.problems
8.A.belonged to B.appealed to C.led to D.happened to
9.A.bargain B.possibility C.promotion D.dilemma
10.A.fancy B.support C.reason D.disagreement
11.A.finished B.enjoyed C.continued D.suggested
12.A.determined B.annoyed C.delighted D.embarrassed
13.A.alarming B.ringing C.breaking D.exploding
14.A.observe B.realize C.strengthen D.follow
15.A.exchange B.connection C.explanation D.arrangement
16.A.warned B.refused C.advised D.reminded
17.A.joined B.expected C.frightened D.teased
18.A.celebration B.search C.possession D.defence
19.A.carefully B.boringly C.proudly D.patiently
20.A.relief B.accomplishment C.justice D.guilty
Today’s students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why authors write—and not accept every opinion as fact—is a key skill. 1. The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write.
Start with why. “Why did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author’s purpose. To help students expand their understanding of “why,” post various types of nonfiction (an advertisement, opinion article, news article, etc.) around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each. 2.
Talk about structure. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context.
3.Often when authors write, they’re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales. Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation. After students read a text, stop and ask: How do you feel? And how did the author get you to feel this way?
Connect it to students’ own writing. It doesn’t have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. 4. When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they’ll become more conscious of how authors approach writing.
Observe how purpose changes within a text. Author’s purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. 5. Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. And finally, they may conclude with an appeal. Take a short article and break it apart, identifying the different purposes so that students see how author’s purpose changes as they read.
A. Get to the heart.
B. Identify the topic.
C. The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text.
D. For example, an author may include a funny anecdote (轶事) to draw the reader in.
E. In particular, they'll need to figure out author’s purpose and draw their own conclusions.
F. Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes.
G. Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write.
Rescue workers had collected 820 birds from the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the majority of them already dead. The current spill promises to be the largest in US history, and as cleanup efforts stretch across the summer, it's clear that more oiled birds will be found, stuck and suffering in the black stick liquid. And as they do with every oil spill, rescue workers will go to great lengths to capture and clean the survivors hoping to restore them to their natural habitat.
Is it worth the effort? Some scientists aren’t so sure. Because the stress of being captured and bathed is as significant as the horror of being immersed in oil, and because research suggests that many rescued birds die shortly after being released, some experts say euthanasia (安乐死) is a more humane option.
Clean bird feathers repel water (防水) and regulate body temperature while dirty ones don't. Oil in particular makes feathers heavier and decreases their ability to trap air, which in turn makes birds weak and become easier to drowning, overheating and organ damage. Of course, being captured and cleaned is no picnic either. Some birds wind up returning to their destroyed habitats only to fall victim to the oil again. And those who manage to avoid a second oil bath suffer dramatically shortened life spans (跨度) and lower reproductive success. Of the thousands of birds that were rescued from the Prestige oil spill off the coast of Spain in 2002, only 600 were released into the wild; most of the rest died after just a few days in captivity.
However, bird rescuers say they have learned a lot about how to best help oil-soaked birds, and that therefore, survival rates stand to increase this time around. In the past, birds were cleaned right away, and volunteers often worked through the night bathing rescued birds. But now, captured birds are left to rest for a day or two before being cleaned, and only washed during the day, so as not to disrupt their circadian (生理的) rhythms. But part of that increase may be due to greater selectivity on the part of rescuers. The workers do blood tests right in the field now and birds that are loaded with hydrocarbons (碳氢化合物) or don’t look like they’re going to make it are put down right away, rather than subjected to the stress of captivity and cleaning.
And so far, while release rates may be improving, there is little evidence of better medium or long-term survival, especially for the more-difficult-to-save species. There still aren’t good protocols (协议) for repairing the internal organ damage. Anyway, rescue efforts will continue in large part because the public demands that. Euthanasia is a difficult thing to do, especially for people who have built their lives around saving animals.
1.Why do some scientists doubt the effort to rescue oiled birds?
A.Because it has cost too much time and money.
B.Because human may be infected with the bird virus.
C.Because it is torture followed by death to birds.
D.Because migrant birds may broaden the pollution.
2.The case of Spain coast spill is mentioned to indicate ________.
A.thousands of birds were polluted by oil
B.the survival rate of oiled birds was very low
C.the efforts to rescue oiled birds were ineffective
D.captivity is an impractical method to rescue binds
3.Why do the survival rates of oiled birds increase?
A.Oiled birds are kept in warm water for one or two days
B.The second cleaning of the oiled birds in daytime is not permitted
C.The rescuers often select the birds that are likely to survive
D.Hydrocarbons are removed to rescue the oiled birds
4.Why does oiled birds' rescue remain a controversial problem?
A.Oiled birds’ internal organ damage is permanent.
B.Euthanasia is a difficult and heart-aching operation.
C.The more-difficult-to-save species will die by cleaning.
D.The rescue is oiled birds’ suffering while seeing them die is cruel.
Valentine's Day is supposed to be about love and romance. But unfortunately, it can be just the opposite. Because of that, Feb. 15th starts the busy season for divorce lawyers, as people who were unhappy with their marriages heading into the day often decide that they no longer want to be with the one they used to love.
A study of divorce filings (档案) in New York, Illinois and California by AttorneyFee. com, a legal referral (推荐) site, found that February is the busiest month of the year for divorce filings, up about 18% from the average month. And those seeking referrals for a divorce lawyer on the site increase 38% following the holiday, with the biggest rise on the day after Valentine’s.
Another legal site, Avvo. com, reports a 40% increase in those seeking information and advice about divorce in the period right after Valentine’s Day.
“There's a very large number of people who are considering the divorce all the time, deciding whether or not to file," said Richard Komaiko, a co-founder of AttorneyFee. “On Valentine’s Day, this thing is carefully considered.”
Komaiko said February has factors other than the holiday that could lead to an increase in divorces. January is the busiest month of the year for bankruptcy (破产) filings, highlighting the financial problems that often divide couples. In addition, the cold weather of February can keep couples that are having trouble indoors and closer to each other, adding to problems.
But Alton Abramowitz, president of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, believes the holiday itself often worsen the relationship for couples who are having trouble. "There’s always the clients who come in a day or two after saying ‘I can’t believe it. I made this beautiful dinner for my husband for Valentine’s Day, but he called to say he was stuck in the office and then didn't come home at all.’" Abramowitz said, “the day can create problems that lead to them finally getting caught."
1.What makes Valentine’s Day convey the meaning opposite to love and romance?
A.Valentine's Day won't bring people love and romance.
B.Many divorce filings change the nature of Valentine's Day.
C.Couples having troubles tend to break up after Valentine's Day.
D.Divorce lawyers dislike the atmosphere of Valentine's Day.
2.According to the study made by AttorneyFee. com, divorce filings are ________.
A.occurring most after the new year B.less connected with Valentine's Day
C.more likely to be handled online D.at the height of popularity in February
3.People intending to divorce may make use of Valentine’s Day to ________.
A.reflect on the divorce B.take legal action
C.make negotiations D.put the divorce aside
4.According to Komaiko, why do divorces grow in number in February?
A.Because financial problems and cold weather may bring more problems.
B.Because the long winter holiday makes couples hard to get through.
C.Because the husband is too busy with work to spend the day with his wife.
D.Because Valentine’s Day gets couples into financial trouble.
Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women’s Volleyball World Cup trophy（奖杯）with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women’s World Cup, China won the FIVB Women’s Volleyball World Cup.
This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight.“Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more balanced.” Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That’s what the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball means.
When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That’s why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like “Iron Hammer” Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China’s rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker（主攻手） Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same.
Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China’s Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China’s opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.
1.What does the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball mean according to paragraph 2?
A.Being a special team. B.Sticking to the end.
C.Winning every game. D.Training hard every day.
2.Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon?
A.She wins many awards in the World Cup.
B.She keeps strong desire and determination.
C.She takes lots of training after the tiring flight.
D.She does almost everything to help the team forward.
3.What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A.Hard work is vital in volleyball matches.
B.The coach has a great influence on players.
C.The staff behind the on-court team is also essential.
D.Understanding opponents is necessary to win the game.
