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Bridging the gap

How does a principal investigator make communication among deaf and hearing colleagues easier? Moreover, how are the large number of field-specific technical terms _______— and communicated in sign language? These _______ differences are not remarkably challenging to work around.

Blumberg taught himself American Sign Language and has interpreters  _______ in the lab during the day. For lab meetings, journal clubs and research seminars, he has two interpreters present t0 tag-team signing. Costs for the interpreters are _______ by the NIH's Office of Research Services. The only learning curve that he experienced, Blumberg says, was realizing he needed _______ interpreters, Before, when he had one deaf student, he could _______ the interpreting. As more deaf fellows joined, Blumberg _______ full-time interpreters for help.

Having interpreters around all day is not necessary though. " _______ . interpreters are only needed during the day if we're having lab meeting, classes, important functions or events, or _______ -poster presentations, student presentations, guest presentations from ________________ scientists, Lundberg says. "The rest of the day, I do not need an interpreter, ________________ I'm in lab and it's independent work.”

During his Ph.D. at the University of Minnesota, Lundberg used online chat platforms to ________________ with his adviser and colleagues. Or he wrote ________________ a whiteboard, scratch paper, or paper towels. His adviser later ________________ that he keep the scraps of paper, which “was really good advice," Lundberg says, "because they were really good notes."

The best way to arrange the most suitable accommodations for deaf individuals is to ask them ________________ they need, says Derek Braun, a former postdoctoral fellow with Blumberg and currently a professor of biology at Gallaudet University. One of his ongoing projects is a collaboration with Blumberg and Lundberg to investigate the role of Ras guanyl nucleotide (鸟苷核苷酸) — releasing proteins in cancer. ________________ deaf people sign, Braun says. "Some are oral. Really, we come in every flavor imaginable. The best judge of what that person needs is usually the person?

Signing scientific terms is not unusually challenging either. While no standardized set of signs for technical words exists, colleagues working in the same lab develop their own signs for the terms they frequently use. If each lab develops signs ________________, what happens when members of different labs meet?

Larry Pearce, a technician in Blumberg’s lab ________________ is deaf, explains to me, “ It's really not that difficult, because when an individual does not understand a sign we use, they'll ask for clarifications (说明) and I'll finger-spell. I’ll spell ________________ out. They will tell me what their sign is, and I'll tell them what our sign is. If I like their sign better, I might adopt it and use it every day, or vice-versa (反之亦然), and eventually it becomes more ________________

1.A.adapted B.adopted C.adjusted D.announced

2.A.culture B.pronunciation C.communication D.habit

3.A.stationed B.canned C.cupped D.capped

4.A.counted B.contained C.included D.covered

5.A.better B.fewer C.more D.less

6.A.carry out B.carry on C.make out D.make up

7.A.turned B.sought C.referred D.led

8.A.In particular B.In general C.In conclusion D.In word

9.A.colleagues B.interpreters C.presentations D.accommodations

10.A.another B.any C.others D.other

11.A.because B.though C.whether D.unless

12.A.write B.read C.listen D.speak

13.A.below B.on C.in D.beyond

14.A.knew B.suggested C.discovered D.noticed

15.A.which B.that C.what D.if

16.A.Not all B.All C.Few D.Not enough

17.A.independently B.dependently C.secretly D.occasionally

18.A.where B.which C.who D.when

19.A.them B.me C.myself D.it

20.A.essential B.particular C.related D.universal

    Almost 200 graduate students and postdoctoral (博 士后) researchers gathered April 21 for a career-development event at the annual meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology where they learned about varieties of scientific careers, participated in skill-building workshops and networked with peers and speakers. The entire event was full of useful information1.

Your career path is less like a ladder and more like a jungle gym.

We're all programmed to see our career path as a series of linear (直线型) steps up to a final goal — undergraduate, graduate, post doctor, forever job — but this rarely happens.2.Don't be afraid to take a risk when opportunities present themselves if they will help you build your unique career.

Create a “skills toolbox" and use it.

The skills you develop as a trainee help you stand out in the job market. When you're in the lab, talk to your colleagues about their experiments. Challenge yourself to learn new techniques both in and out of your field. Work on developing critical thinking skills, which will help you however your career evolves.

And acquire skills outside the lab. Explore entrepreneurship, science writing and communication, policy, outreach, education, even art — whatever resonates with you. 3.

Communication skills are critical to success. Less jargon (行话),more passion.

Science is a language most people don't speak fluently. When communicating with diverse audiences, think of yourself as a translator. Eliminate jargon and create analogies (类推) to make your research accessible. Work on making your science story relevant to the audience, which may mean that you don't share every piece of data you have collected. Most importantly, practice.

Training courses like the ASBMB's Art of Science Communication are available to help you develop these skills.

4.

In professional interactions, be confident and remember that your skills and knowledge got you where you are today. Don't be frightened by people who question what you know, and don't let negative experiences diminish your self confidence.

Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity. You don't need to see the entire staircase to take the next step.

With these words in mind, explore your options, network and talk to people in fields that interest you. Don't know where to start? Start with videos under the heading "Career Paths” at asbmb.org and the career section of the ASBMB Today website. 5. . For the price of a cup of coffee, you can get started on the path to career success.

A. Don't be afraid of new challenges.

B. Work on believing that you belong in the room.

C. Below are five tips for career success that struck me.

D. This will help build you into a well-rounded candidate.

E. You may move sideways in your career or even take a step or two back before moving up the ladder again.

F. Once you find a job that interests you, identify people in the field and ask for informational interviews.

G. Imposter (冒名顶替者)syndrome is a reality for many people in the sciences, especially those from underrepresented groups.

    The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.

The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmful waste, household food waste and residual (剩余) waste.

A team from the U. K.'s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic (新陈代谢) health. The participants were either assigned

Harmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.

Household food waste — which is translated to "wet trash” in Chinese — refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.

Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.

The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.

As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash.

"We should do this from a pig's angle," commented one netizen. "Those edible (可食用) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don't want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste."

The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.

1.What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?

A.Harmful waste. B.Wet trash.

C.Recyclable waste. D.Residual waste

2.What is the common point of "wet trash"?

A.They can be broken down easily. B.They all come from plants.

C.They all have bad smells. D.They all have poisonous materials.

3.What is the tone of the netizen like?

A.Serious. B.Humorous.

C.Delightful. D.Uncertain.

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shanghai.

B.Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.

C.people are still confused about garbage sorting.

D.The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.

    Research published in the journal High Temperature found that an hour-long soak in hot water produced similar blood sugar responses to 60 minutes of moderate physical activity.

Sound too good to be true? While the research on these effects is still initial (初步)，there is a plausible explanation for this.

"It seems that activities that increase heat shock proteins (热体克蛋) may help to improve blood sugar control and offer an alternative to exercise," the lead study author Steve Faulkner wrote. “These activities—such as soaking in a hot tub or taking a sauna (桑拿) — may have health benefits to people who are unable to exercise regularly. to an hour- long session of cycling or an hour-long session in a 40℃bath.

The scientists discovered that both groups were better able to control their blood sugar levels in the 24 hours following their soak were approximately 10 percent lower than those of the participants who exercised.

Researchers say this implies that “passive heating" (a means of rising your body temperature) could assist in lowering blood sugar levels. Passive heating can affect proteins in the body called heat shock proteins, which helps regulate blood sugar. People with diabetes (糖尿病) tend to have lower levels of heat shock proteins. Passive heating can raise these levels.

It's critical to point out a few limitations of the study. For starters, the experiment only monitored men, so it's difficult to say if the same effect would happen in women. It also only included 14 volunteers, which was an extremely small sample size. More research needs to be conducted before scientists can come to any official conclusion. And, of course, you should still continue exercising regularly.

That being said, the study does offer some more promising insights (见解) into the healing effects of hot water.

1.What does the underlined word “plausible” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Strange. B.Ridiculous.

C.Reasonable. D.Confusing.

2.What can we know about the research by the U. K.'s team?

A.Cycling made no difference to blood sugar levels.

B.People with diabetes usually have higher levels of heat shock proteins.

C.14 lean and 14 overweight men were involved in the research.

D.A 24-hour tracking and monitoring was carried out after the one-hour activities.

3.How should scientists improve this study?

A.By extending the study period.

B.By changing the research method.

C.By including women in the research.

D.By adding more scientists involved in the investigation.

4.Which of the following best expresses the author's main point of view?

A.When you run a fever you get passive heating.

B.Passive heating can raise levels of heat shock proteins.

C.The research is of significance in spite of some imperfection.

D.You need either a hot bath or regular exercise to keep healthy.

    Dressed in a dark blue waterproof (防水) jacket, outdoor shoes and a small backpack, 25-year-old Ye Tian tries to get in an abandoned coking plant in Beijing.

An intern (实习生) for a German company in Beijing, Ye is among thousands of youth interested in city adventures, which they call urban exploration-4urbex' for short.

The aim of this trending (流行) hobby is to explore structures — usually abandoned ruins or hidden areas of the manmade environment. Urban explorers are interested in these sites because they can understand cities from a different angle. Ye, for example, said he enjoyed the contrast between Beijing's two sides.

Widely known scenic spots and historical sites can only reflect the bright side of the city, or what the city wants you to see, Ye said. “But abandoned places show you the past (that is) hidden deep in people's memories."

In the eyes of Pan Ran, who is in her early 30s and works in Canada, an abandoned building can also evoke (引起，唤起) the spirits of those who lived and worked there.

“There are diaries and letters recording the owner's lives,” she said. “And one time, I found a whole box of 8-millimeter videotapes of a family?

Pan couldn't watch the tapes at the site, as the power supply had been cut. She didn't take them away with her either, as there is a very important rule of urbex that you can't remove any souvenirs from a site", Pan said.

While urban exploration can get people to extraordinary places that few have visited, it's sometimes dangerous. Climbing up tall buildings and tip-toeing through abandoned structures can sometimes be a life-threatening affair.

Injuries and even death are not unheard of within the urbex community.

"In the beginning, I was pretty audacious and believed the riskier the places you go, the better photos you get," said Du Tianyu, 22. "But that is not necessarily the case. After doing my calculations, I learned to stop when I reach the limit."

1.According to the text, why do urban explorers like to visit abandoned places?

A.To escape the crowdedness of cities.

B.To take breathtaking pictures.

C.To appreciate different aspects of a city.

D.To know about the lives of the people who left.

2.What does Pan say is an important rule of urban exploration?

A.Don't take things from a site.

B.Don't buy souvenirs when exploring structures.

C.Only explore abandoned sites with long histories.

D.Share travel diaries or journals within the urbex community.

3.The underlined word “audacious” in the last paragraph probably means_____ .

A.cautious B.adventurous

C.passionate D.curious

4.What's the best title for the passage?

A.Travel in Big Cities B.Visit a City's Historical Sites

C.Experience a City's Life D.See a City's Secrets