A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol. cigarette and junk food.
The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions. Researchers at the University of Plymouth’s School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (应答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 强度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵扰性) of their desires on an 11-point scale.
Researchers found the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondent’s view was greenery.
Previous scholarship(学术研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out of the University of Michigan found 90- minute group nature walks were effective at combatting depression and relieving other mood disorders. But for people who struggle with accessibility or don’t have time for a 90-minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit.
“It has been known for some time that being outdoors in nature is linked to a person's well-being, ” lead author Leanne Martin said in a statement. “ But for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research.”
A 2018 study from Denmark’s Aarhus University. for example, found that. Having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a person’s risk of developing mental health problems as an adult.
1.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The results of the new study. B.The purpose of the new study.
C.The significance of the new study. D.The content of the new study.
2.What does the underlined word “combatting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Reducing. B.Developing. C.Understanding. D.Encouraging
3.According to the passage,the new study _____.
A.mainly referred to exercise in nature
B.has enriched the previous research to some degree
C.was carried out by the University of Michigan
D.found exposure to greenery helped cure mental problems
4.In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?
A.Entertainment B.Business World
C.Tech &Science D.Environment
The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language.
Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe's language has decreased over the past century.
Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their communities to learn tribal languages.
Since the late 1800s. many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian families to send their children to such schools.
The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice things.
However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.
At least one organization is turning to modern technology---The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language.
The “Learning Tlingit” app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters.
The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit.
Currently there are two apps, called “Learning Tlingit” and “Tlingit Language Games”. The “Learning Tlingit” app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the “Tlingit Language Games” app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.
1.What is the problem the native Americans are facing now?
A.The number of native Americans has been increasing.
B.Fewer and fewer native Americans speak their own language.
C.Their native language has been extinct.
D.It's hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.
2.What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English?
A.They will get better jobs and higher pay.
B.They will teach their own children to speak English.
C.They will lose their history and culture.
D.They will get along well with the government.
3.What can we know about Tlingit?
A.It can help the native people know some language topics.
B.It can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things
C.It is a very popular app among the native speakers
D.It is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.American Indian tribes' efforts to increase native speakers.
B.Reasons for the disappearance of some American Indian languages.
C.Ways to help the native tribes lead a traditional life.
D.The popularity of the language learning apps.
When Andrew Kaplan recalls, his stories leave the impression that he has managed to pack multiple lives into a single existence: A war reporter in his 20s. an army member, a successful businessman and- later. the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.
Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become “AndyBot”--- a virtual person who will be: immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds, perhaps thousands of years
If all goes according to plan. future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime’s worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.
Someday, Kaplan, who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be remembered as one of the world's first digital humans.
For decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a new generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似) of virtual immortality, which gives people the opportunity to preserve one's legacy(遗产) online forever.
Kaplan is eager to become one of the world's first virtual residents, partly because he considers the effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.
If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss. “AndyBot” may become one of the world's first: meaningful examples, raising complex philosophical questions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself.
1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To highlight Kaplan's achievements.
B.To introduce the topic- -AndyBot.
C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.
D.To introduce Kaplan's life.
2.Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?
A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible.
B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.
C.He believed this action will help with his novels.
D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.
3.What might the AndyBot do for future generations?
A.He may use voice computing platforms.
B.He may use a new body to go on living.
C.He may offer some guidance.
D.He may ask them questions.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.
B.People can talk with their late family members freely.
C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.
D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go.
Spanish Language & Culture Program
While improving your language skills, you can learn about Spanish culture. With the help, of courses in art, tourism, cinema and more....taught in Spanish.
Place: Alicante. Spain
Price: $ 3.495
Dates:
●Program: from May 5th. 2019 to June 1st, 2019
●Application: by March 1st, 2019Withdrawal: before April 1st.2019
Application:
●Complete application
●GPA:not less than 2.5.
●$ 95 online application fee
●Education completed: high school graduate
Program Details
You'll take 1 language course and 1 culture course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits(学分). While culture courses meet for 20 hours/1 credit. Language and culture courses meet daily. Monday-Friday. Active learning of your courses may be scheduled for Fridays.
Before you leave for Alicante, you will choose your preferred courses and take a language placement exam. You'll be admitted to courses based on their availability. So it is in your best interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for Alicante. To make sure that you receive the credit for the language level that is fit for you, have your home university pre-agree with courses at several levels before you leave for Spain. Please ask your advisor at your home university about credit guidelines.
Where You'll Study and Stay
Lying on one of Spain's most. attractive campuses, the University of Alicante allows you to take part in classes and activities: with Spanish and other international students.You can choose CEA housing or prepare your own independent housing. CEA housing will make every effort to match your housing requests.
1.When can you take back your application?
A.On June 1st. 2019. B.On April 1st .2019.
C.On May 5th, 2019. D.On March 5th, 2019.
2.What can we learn about this program?
A.Each of the courses costs $95.
B.High school freshmen can apply for it.
C.Students can get 5 credits after finishing the program.
D.Active learning courses should be booked ahead of time.
3.What should you do before leaving for Alicante?
A.Gain as many credits as possible.
B.Prepare many choices of courses.
C.Improve your communication skill.
D.Try your chosen courses at your home university.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What is the woman's first piece of advice?
A.Don't invite too many people.
B.Don't try to make everything perfect.
C.Don't get married during the rainy season.
2.Which month would be the most expensive for a wedding?
A.March. B.July. C.November.
3.What is the woman's suggestion on saving money?
A.By buying an inexpensive dress.
B.By buying an inexpensive cake.
C.By buying inexpensive flowers.
4.What is the most important for couple, according to the woman?
A.Attitude. B.Financial ability. C.Guests they invite.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Where does this interview take place?
A.At Stanford University. B.At Harvard University. C.. At Georgetown University.
2.What does the man plan to major in?
A.Biology. B.Political Science. C.Environmental studies.
3.Why does the man admire his mother?
A.She has lived in many countries.
B.She learned English very quickly.
C.She gained success by overcoming great difficulties.
