What does the woman ask John to do? A.Le...

请阅读下面图画及文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

［写作内容］

1.用约30个词概括上面图文所反映的社会现象。

2.谈谈尊重他人的重要性。

3.举例说明在生活中你是如何尊重他人的。

（写作要求）

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

3.不必写标题。

［评分标准］

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

School lunches in Japan

Japan manages a rare achievement for a developed country when it comes to feeding its children ― high scores for nutrition but very low obesity rates. One major key? School lunches.

A landmark report by the UN's children agency UNICEF released Tuesday shows Japan topping the charts for childhood health indicators, with low rates of infant mortality and few underweight children.

Experts say there are various factors at work, including a health-conscious society and regularly check-ups for children required by law, but a nationwide school lunch program also plays a key role.

"School lunches with menus that are created by nutritionists are provided to all primary schools and the majority of junior high schools throughout Japan,," Mitsuhiko Hara, a pediatrician and professor at Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University, told AFP.

The lunches are mandatory — no packed lunches allowed ― and while they are not free for most, they are heavily subsidized 补助）.Each meal is designed to have around 600-700 calories balanced between carbohydrates, meat or fish and vegetables.

"School lunch is designed to provide nutrition that tends to be lacking in meals at home," Education Ministry official Mayumi Ueda told AFP. "I think it contributes to the nutritional balance necessary for children."

Unlike the cafeteria system operated in some Western countries, Japanese school lunches are usually served in the classroom. Pupils frequently dish out the food to each other and clean up the room afterwards. There is no choice of meal, and no concessions offered for vegetarians, or anyone with religious restrictions.

The lunches are intended not only to feed children, but to teach them. "There's also a daily broadcast at school to explain the nutritional elements contained in the school lunch of the day, and this is a good way to educate kids,” Hara said.

"School lunch is positioned as part of education under the law,'? Ueda said. "It's not just about eating food, but children learn to serve, and clean up on their own?"

The Japanese government studies nutrition and eating habits in Japan annually, and uses the results to shape what goes into the school meals, she added.

And there are other factors at work, Hara acknowledged. "Because many Japanese are health-conscious, they try to eat a variety of food, which is good," he said. "And we're taught to eat seasonal food, which also contributes to good health. Japan is one of the rare countries that pay so much attention to food that is associated with specific seasons," he added.

Hara said another factor in Japan is regularly mandated childcare health checks. Parents of infants receive reminders from the local government, and children are given health checks at school, including measuring height and weight.

Still, even Japan has not escaped entirely the growing trend toward overweight children and childhood obesity, which in Japan, like elsewhere, tends to affect those from less wealthy families.

"Children in poverty are more likely to be overweight because families try to cut costs," Hara said. "As a result, they eat less protein but consume more carbs and sugar, which leads to obesity."

School lunches are all the more important to children in such situations, he said.

    Shelly hugged her husband."Be careful, Billy."

"Come on, Shell!" Bill rolled his eyes. "You worry too much, Honey. Me and the boys will be OK. It's just a three — day trip. We'll catch enough halibut to be able to fix up the baby's room the way you want it." '

"Billy, I love you and worry every time you go to sea, especially in winter."

"Shell, I promise I'll be careful. I may be the youngest captain in this port, but I'm the most careful. I learned at the helm of Daddy's boat, which I was practically raised on."

They hugged again. Bill planted a tender kiss on her cheek, rested his open palm on her slightly swollen stomach, "Besides, I need to be here. Little Billy will need his daddy." Shelly slapped him on the shoulder. "It's Billy Jean and you know it.”

Bill laughed, "Not on my watch, Girl. I gave you a boy to take over as captain."

Their laughter broke the tension. "I have to go, Shell. See you in a few days?" He turned to leave and then turned back, reached into the pocket of his heavy coat and pulled out an envelope."I almost forgot. Here's my letter?"

Shelly took the crisp envelope and slipped into the pocket of her dress. "Thanks，Billy.” It had been their custom since they started dating. Billy gave her a note before he went to sea. She wasn't allowed to open it until the next day. He usually wrote of love or sometimes something silly - both made her smile. She wrote a reply and left it on the kitchen table for him. Reading her reply was the first thing he did when he came home.

She watched as her husband walked the'length of the pier to where the forty-five foot “Shelly Girl” and his crew waited. He gave a final wave and climbed aboard.

Shelly stood by their pickup truck and watched until the boat rounded the point and disappeared from view. "I love you, Billy.” she whispered. "Be safe." ①

That evening, five hundred miles to the south, a small winter depression moved north along the Atlantic coast of the USA. Experts found an unexpected change in the jet stream, which would make the small depression become a raging winter storm. ②

Shelly woke in the morning and listened to the weather report on the battered radio sitting on kitchen table. The phone rang."Hello."

“Shelly?"

"Hi, Gail!" She recognized the voice of her friend, who was the wife of one of Billy's crew. “Have you heard the weather?"

"Hang on a second. I just turned the radio on." Shelly's face paled as she heard the weather person say a major winter depression had moved into the area. "Oh crap!"

"That's what [ said too.”

"They'll be OK, Gail. They're experienced fishermen." Shelly said to Gail It was a attempt to convince herself that her man would be safe. ③

Off the south shore of Nova Scotia, Bill struggled to control the Shelly Girl in the growing waves. Wind and water attacked Bill and his crew from all directions. The forty- and fifty-foot walls of water were too much of a challenge for the young captain.

The force of the water flipped the boat over, tore the wheelhouse off and tossed Bill and his crew into the icy Atlantic.

The water, only a few degrees above the freezing point, soon overcame Bill's will to live. “Shelly!

He took a last painful breath of salt water and slipped below the surface. ④

The crisp envelope bent beneath her fingers as she laid it on her lap and read. "Shelly, you are my life,, my love and soon-to-be mother of our son一girl if that is what you really want. I'll always come home."

Shelly reached for the pen in her dress pocket. Tears dripped from her face and stained the paper she wrote on, “________."

Her note sits on their kitchen table still — never read.

1.Why was Shelly worried too much when Billy go to sea this time?

A.Because she and their baby Billy Jean needed Billy's protection and care.

B.Because she knew from the radio that a major winter depression would come.

C.Because she had a feeling that Billy would never return home.

D.Because she cared about Billy's safety in the sea, especially in winter.

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A.Billy could read Shelly's reply letter only when he returned home from the sea.

B.Billy and Shelly wrote letters to each other since they got married.

C.Shelly read Billy's letter eagerly each time she got his letter.

D.They exchanged their letters with each other every time Billy went out.

3.Which word can be filled in the blank in the passage?

A.weak B.strong C.hard D.desperate

4.Where can the sentences "Shell sat in her favorite spot on the porch of their weathered beach house, the salty air sticking to her heavy winter clothes. The oncoming storm blew sand across her winter boots.," be put in?

A.① B.② C.③ D.④

5.Which of the following may be Shelly's reply to Billy's letter?

A.Billy, you were so brave, I always knew.

B.Billy, I always knew the ocean was your home.

C.Billy, I always knew, you would come back.

D.Billy, I love you, I would always wait for you.

6.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A.An unlucky Billy B.A storm in life

C.A broken Shelly D.Never read

    “Without trust,” writes Rachel Botsman, “society cannot survive, and it certainly cannot thrive."

Clearly, we are in trouble. Two-thirds of people surveyed last year in 28 countries expressed low levels of trust in "mainstream institutions" of business, government and media.

In “Who Can You Trust?” Botsman, an Oxford lecturer offers a timely and accessible framework for understanding what trust is, how it works, why it matters and how it is evolving. It is an important guidance to the obstacles and opportunities we face as a society if we are to repair and redefine trust.

Through human history, trust has evolved in three basic stages: Local trust was enough when people lived in small communities and everybody knew everybody else; industrialization and urbanization required institutional trust so that people could trust complete strangers running governments, corporations, and standards for international trade, commerce and finance. We are now living through a massive global .shift of trust from institutions to individuals: distributed trust facilitated by high-tech platforms, many of which are run by the private sector.

This shift is caused by several factors. First, accountability is unequal. Rich, powerful and well-connected individuals have been able to accumulate vast quantities of often undocumented wealth by avoiding tax and anti-bribery laws, while ordinary people are likely to be caught and punished for lawbreaking. Second, people in power are no longer seen to deserve greater respect as the details of their lives are exposed.

Botsman does not prescribe how we deal with that. But if the old ways of giving and cancelling trust such as voting, markets and consumer choice are no longer functioning, then we must change or replace them. Systems must be "driven democratically and rationally," become more "transparent, inclusive, and accountable" and, most important, be designed to "put people first," which profit-driven platforms have failed to do sufficiently.

Tech executives are responding to the trust crisis mainly with promises of more and better technology. But Batsman warns that the responsibility for ensuring that the robots being used are trustworthy lies with the human beings who design and use them. We have not thought through how we hold those people accountable, let alone their robots. She warns against a natural tendency "to become over-reliant on machines." Ideally machines should be programmed to "understand" their own limitations and even seek human help or intervention.

A growing number of people hope that new trust mechanisms can be established through the use of exciting new technologies such as the blockchain（区块链）. In essence, blockchains are digital public ledgers of transactions that cannot be changed, thereby creating greater transparency and accountability and making corruption much harder.

However, Botsman warns that the blockchain is no panacea for human trust. Whether blockchain systems lead to more accountable governance and a more just global economy will depend on their design and the intentions of those who build them. There is no app for fixing trust.

"Who Can You Trust?" does make a clear case for why it is important for the companies, governments and other institutions to be much more transparent and subject themselves to new mechanisms that can credibly hold them accountable. It is the only way they can hope to earn and maintain trust in the future.

1.Which of the following orders of trust evolution is right?

A.institutional trust→ industrialized trust→ individual trust

B.urbanized trust→ local trust→ institutional trust

C.local trust→ institutional trust→ distributed trust

D.local trust→ urbanized trust →individual trust

2.What can we conclude from the passage?

A.Profit-driven platforms pay no attention to the importance of people.

B.It is the people who design and use technology that count in restoring trust.

C.New technologies, such as the blockchain can prevent corruption from happening.

D.People should rely on new technologies to create transparency and accountability.

3.What do the underlined words “no panacea" mean?

A.not a Herculean task B.a hard nut

C.not a cure-all medicine D.a catch -22

4.What's the author's attitude toward the possibility of using technology to restore trust?

A.Supportive B.Negative

C.Indifferent D.Skeptical

    You are about to hear a strange but true story. Legend has it that, Harry Houdini, the master magician, once claimed that he could break out of any jail cell in the world. All he had to do was walk into that jail cell with his street clothes on. 'I will be out of there in one hour. No problem!' He said. A very old jail down South heard about Houdini's claims and they accepted the challenge. On the day of the event, many people gathered outside. Very confidently, Houdini walked into the jail and into the cell and they shut the metal door behind him.

The first thing Houdini did was to take off his coat. Then, very strangely, he took off his belt. Secretly hidden in Houdini's belt, was a ten-inch piece of steel; very tough and very flexible and Houdini started working.

In about 30 minutes, that confident expression Houdini had when he walked in disappeared. In one hour, he was bathed in sweat. And at the end of two hours, Houdini in defeat, collapsed against the door, which then opened. It opened because you see, that door had never been locked. But that's not entirely true is it? That door was locked. It was firmly and thoroughly locked in Houdini's mind, which meant it was locked as if the best locksmith in the world had put his lock on it.

The mind is powerful. How many doors in your life do you think are locked but aren't? how many times have you been stuck in the mental prison of over thinking something that really had a simple solution. There is an ancient African proverb that says when there is no enemy within, the enemy outside can do us no harm.

Your mind is the most powerful force you will ever face. It will tell you lies. It will tell you can't do that. You're not meant for that. You're not good enough for that. You can't go on anymore. You don't have the energy. You must thank it for its opinion and carry on. Because as Houdini showed us the only locked doors that exist are in your own mind. The doors in reality are open and all you have to do is walk through.

1.Why couldn't Harry Houdini open the door within two hours?

A.Because he didn't open the door with his mind.

B.Because the door was locked by the best locksmith.

C.Because he had thought the door was locked.

D.Because he overestimated his own ability to open the door.

2.Which of the following story shows the "locked door," in our mind?

A.Bring the painted dragon to life by putting in the pupils of its eyes.

B.One tends to stand still and refuse to make progress.

C.The donkey has exhausted its skills against the tiger.

D.Lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen.

3.We can conclude from the passage EXCEPT ?

A.The biggest enemy in your life is in fact the enemy in your mind.

B.If you walk through the door in mind, your potential will be unlimited.

C.Unless you defeat the enemy outside, you will not defeat your enemy inside.

D.Life is really simple, but we insist on making it rigid and complicated.