Gases, like black carbon, methane（甲烷）and the ozone in city smog, are called “short-lived climate pollutants（污染物）”, which exist both outdoors and indoors and decrease agricultural crops.
WHO says emissions（排放物）from these climate pollutants cause many serious illnesses, including lung cancer. And these pollutants are responsible for many of the more than 7 million premature deaths each year that are connected to air pollution.
Maria Neira in WHO says the pollutants have a strong impact on climate change. But the good news is that they only stay in the atmosphere for a few days to 10 years. That is much shorter than carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that can remain for hundreds, or even thousands of years.
According to Maria Neira, when you address the short-lived pollutants, you can reduce emissions very rapidly, and then improve air quality. You will have an immediate reduction in the ill-health and diseases caused by the reduction of air pollution.
WHO has many available and affordable ways to reduce these short-lived climate pollutants. At the top of their list: cutting vehicle emissions by requiring higher emissions and efficiency standards. More emissions are released when engines are running.
Indoor air pollution also contributes to bad health and premature death. WHO reports that nearly 3 billion low-income households rely on “dirty fuels”. Coal, wood and kerosene used for cooking and heating are examples. Cleaner and more efficient stoves and fuel alternatives could cut down on the health risks.
Another way to cut back on these pollutants is to have more investments and policies for rapid transport. These include buses, trains, bicycles and pedestrians or walking routes. These investments could have many benefits, including safer travel, reduced health risks from noise and air pollution and more physical activity.
The WHO report also calls for encouraging high and middle-income populations to include more plant-based foods in their diets. It says this could reduce heart disease and some cancers. It could also slow the methane gas production that comes with some animal-sourced foods.
1.The “short-lived climate pollutants” are so called because .
A.they cause many to die young.
B.they exist shorter than the greenhouse gas.
C.they live indoors for a short time.
D.they have a short effect on people’s health.
2.The underlined word “address” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.
A.live on. B.talk about.
C.deal with. D.turn to.
3.What can be inferred from the whole passage?
A.Rich people hardly ever eat plant-based foods in daily life.
B.No emissions are released from stopped engines.
C.Governments should take measures to fight pollution.
D.Heart disease and some cancers are caused by the pollutants.
4.Which of the following may be the best title for the text?
A.The ways to fight air pollution.
B.Reducing short-lived climate pollutants to save lives.
C.Some sources of serious air pollution.
D.A report about pollution from WHO.
At the age of eight, Glenn Cunningham was severely injured in a fire. He had major burns over the lower half of his body and was taken to a nearby county hospital.
From his bed, the semi-conscious（半昏迷的）little boy heard the doctor talking to his mother. The doctor told his mother that her son would surely die—which was for the best, really—for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body.
But somehow, to the amazement of the physician, he did survive. The mother was told that her son was bound to spend a lifetime in a wheelchair.
But this brave little boy was determined that he would walk and even run. But unfortunately, from the waist down, Glenn had no motor ability. His thin, scarred legs just hung there, all but lifeless. Yet his courage that he would walk was as strong as ever.
One sunny day his mother wheeled him out into the yard to get some fresh air. This day, instead of sitting there, he threw himself from the chair. Glenn worked his way to the fence, dragging his legs behind him. Then, step by step, he began dragging himself along the fence, determined that he would walk. He started to do this every day until eventually Glenn did develop the ability first to stand up , then to walk with help, then to walk by himself—and then amazingly—to run. Glenn began to run to school. He ran everywhere as fast as he could. Later in college, Glenn joined the track team where he received the nickname（绰号）the “Kansas Flyer”.
1938 witnessed this young man’s another amazing achievement. This young man, who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run, ran the mile in 4 minutes and 4.4 seconds, the world’s fastest indoor mile! His persistence paid off.
1.What did the doctor think of Glenn’s injury?
A.It would take a long time for him to fully recover.
B.It would cost lots of money to cure him.
C.He would be semi-conscious.
D.He had little chance of surviving.
2.Why did Glenn receive the nickname the “ Kansas Flyer”?
A.Because he looked like the “ Kansas Flyer”.
B.Because he once acted as the “ Kansas Flyer”.
C.Because he could run very fast.
D.Because he joined the track team.
3.What achievement did Glenn make in 1938?
A.He survived. B.He developed the ability to walk.
C.He began to run to school. D.He set a world record.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A.The power of determination. B.The dream for championship.
C.The key to high performance. D.The mistake of a doctor.
Duolingo
Over 70 million people have registered with Duolingo, a free and incredibly well-designed language learning app. Though not a replacement for proper language tuition, the app is a fun way to get the basics, or to keep yourself fresh on grammar and vocabulary, before a trip abroad. Just like a computer game, the app guides you through levels that you need to complete before advancing, and you gain experience points along the way.
* Free, iOS and Android, duolingo.com
XE Currency（货币）
XE is the go-to site for currency conversions on the web, so it’s no surprise that its app is so popular: with over 20 million downloads since launch. It has lots of business-oriented features, such as rates for previous metals and historic charts, but for the traveler it is most useful for the simple fact that it’s able to convert every world currency. It also functions offline by saving the latest updated rates.
* Free, iOS and Android, xe.com
App in the Air
App in the Air is a smart, straightforward, flight tracking app that has the best coverage of airlines and airports. It will keep you updated about flight status even if you don’t have internet coverage and help you manage your time at the airport, breaking down each flight into four stages: check in, boarding, takeoff and landing time.
* Free, iOS and Android, appintheair.mobi
Wolfram Sun Exposure
There are a few apps out there that help you manage your time in the sun safely, but this one offers the most detailed information to keep you informed. You enter your skin type and it calculates how long you can spend sunning yourself before getting burned, based on the time of day, where you are and the strength of sun cream you’re wearing. It also provides UV forecasts for your location.
* £0.79, iOS
1.If you want to know the information about the change rate of money, you can turn to for help.
A.Wolfram. B.App in the Air.
C.XE Currency. D.Duolingo.
2.About these apps, which of the following is TRUE?
A.All of these four can be used in the same system.
B.Duolingo is an unbelievable gaming app where you gain experience points along the way.
C.You can learn the latest news about the flights with limited connectivity in App in the Air.
D.Your time in the sun safely is influenced by the brand of sun cream you’re applying.
3.The passage is intended for .
A.teenagers. B.travelers.
C.businessmen. D.guides.
假如你是学生会主席李华，为了让外国人了解中国传统文化，学生会将进行”唐诗吟诵大赛”(Tang Poetry Recitation Contest)，特邀请学校国际部学生参加，请你根据提示写一则通知。
主要内容包括:
1.大赛目的和意义；
2.主办方:校学生会(The Student Union) 时间:2020年1月17日 地点:校报告厅(assembly hall)；
3.范围:唐诗三百首(Three Hundred Tang Poems)
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
Notice
Do you want to have a further knowledge of Chinese culture?
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
There may be two mainly reasons for the popularity of English in China in recent year: the economic reform and the open policy. With the development of international trade and co-operation, English as the international language play a more and more important role. The demand for people known English is increasing. The labor market needs you to do business with foreign companies, to open foreign markets, and to learn to use up advanced technology from abroad. They are also needed to participate international affairs. University students who English level is high are easily employed and well pay. This encourages people to learn English.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Historians have said that we have always had a sweet tooth. Our sweet tooth has grown over the years and people are now more attached1.sweets than ever before.
Tim Richardson,2. famous historian, has created a timeline to show our love of sweets. He said, “A sweet thing3. (enjoy) during the day can be a source of simple comfort and pleasure cheering us up. People have known this for4. (century). Throughout history, many sweets have kept their charm and 5. (popular) because they have kept up with the6. (late) taste trends.” Cave paintings have been found of our ancestors attacking beehives(蜂窝)7.(find) honey.
A fun fact is that honeycomb(蜂巢)was the8.(one) sweet that ancient people ate. As the years went on, Lollipops and chewing gums appeared. Chewing gum has a history that9.(date) back to the times of Greece. It was not until 192810.Walt Diemer made the very first bubble gum.
