Persuasion is the art of talking someone into agreeing with you. 1.
Ethos(理念) is a speaker’s way of persuading the audience that he is a dependable person.
2. For example, a speaker can develop ethos by explaining how much experience or education he has in a certain field. After all, you would be more willing to follow advice about how to educate your child from a teacher than a doctor.
Pathos(感染力) is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions. For example, a speaker who want people to vote for him might say that he can make the country richer and stronger.3.
Logos(理性) is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to make the argument more persuasive. 4. For example, an ad for soap might say that laboratory tests have shown that their soap kills all 7,000,000 of the bacteria on your hand, which might make it more probable for you to buy their soap. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “our soap is the best”.
Although the three tools above all have their strengths, they work best when used together.
5. Next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend trying to persuade you to lend him money, just remember these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
A. These words can bring people great hope, making them want to vote for him.
B. These pictures are intended to fill the viewers with pity.
C. An audience will more probably believe you if you have data to support your opinions.
D. Use of logos can also increase a speaker’s ethos.
E. According to Aristotle, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.
F. In fact, most speakers use a mix of ethos, pathos and logos to persuade their audience.
G. An audience will consider a speaker dependable if he seems trustworthy, reliable and sincere.
After the summer break, Delhi’s children returned to school this month and found a new class added to their schedules: happiness.
It wasn’t a welcome-back joke. In a country where top universities require average test scores above 98 percent and where cheating on final high school exams is organized by a “mafia” that includes teachers and school officials, the Delhi government's new scheme marks a change of emphasis(强调)from student performance to well-being.
“We have given best-of-the-best graduates of ability to industry,” said Manish Sisodia, Delhi’s education minister, “…But have we been able to supplied best-of-the-best human beings to society, to the nation? “
Sisodia’s happiness classes represent a major experiment in a country known for its overstrict, bookish education system, which has helped cement a new middle class over the past thirty years but is also poorly thought of for encouraging rote(死记硬背的) learning and causing high pressure levels. Under the program, 100,000 Delhi students spend the first half-hour of each school day without opening a textbook, learning instead through inspirational stories and activities, as well as such thinking exercises as meditation.
Some teachers, though, remain uncertain. Some of them say, the public schools are too crowded for a course based so heavily on classroom interaction(互动). Others doubt that the happiness classes can change the culturally deep-rooted emphasis on exams and memorization. Geeta Gandhi Kingdon, chair of education, economics and international development at University College London, said that there haven’t been any studies to value their workability. “As far as I know, in some schools they are just another box-ticking exercise,” she said.
1.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A.To tell a welcome-back joke. B.To introduce a new program.
C.To argue against the testing system D.To emphasize studies mixed with happiness
2.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “cement “ in paragraph 4?
A.preview B.attend C.destroy D.increase
3.How is the fourth paragraph mainly developed?
A.By giving examples. B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order. D.By listing data
4.What's Geeta Gandhi Kingdon’s attitude towards the possibility of happiness classes?
A.confident B.hopeless C.doubtful D.indifferent
5.Which is the best title for this passage?
A.Delhi’s children return to school
B.Delhi offers “ happiness “ classes
C.Happiness classes become Welcome in Delhi
D.Happy classes prove another box-ticking exercise
Being a young boy, I began to learn what people said was not always what they really meant or felt. And I knew it was possible to get others to do what I wanted if I read their real feelings and responded suitably to their needs. At the age of eleven, I sold rubber door-to-door after school and quickly worked out how to tell if someone was likely to buy from me. When I knocked on a door, if someone told me to go away but their hands were open and they showed their palms (the inside surfaces of their hands), I knew it was safe to continue because they weren't angry although they may have a dismissive(不屑的) attitude. If someone told me to go away in a soft voice but used a pointed finger or closed hand, I knew it was time to leave.
As a teenager, I became a salesperson, and my ability to read people earned me enough money to buy my first house. Selling gave me the chance to meet people and study them close and to know whether they would buy or not.
I joined the life insurance(保险)business at the age of twenty. And I went on to break several sales records for my company, becoming the youngest person to sell over a million dollars’ worth of business in my first year. This achievement allowed me to become a member of the well-known Million Dollar Round Table(MDRT), which recognizes the world’s top achievers in life insurance. I was lucky that the skills I’d learned as a boy in watching body language while selling could be used in this new area, and were directly related to the success I could have in any business closely connected with people.
1.Which of the following meant the author must give up the rubber sale?
A.A customer’s gentle voice. B.A customer’s open palms.
C.A customer’s finger shape. D.A customer’s sign of anger.
2.What is the author’s main purpose of mentioning the success in life insurance?
A.To prove the magic of his studying body language
B.To show off his unusual insurance-selling achievements
C.To attract more people to buy his life insurance
D.To simply let readers know about his good luck
3.Which is the correct order of the author’s life events?
①He bought his first house
②He got the chance to meet people and watch body language
③He became a member of MDRT
④He broke the first sales record for the insurance company
A.①②④③ B.②①④③ C.①④②③ D.①④③②
4.What does the underlined words “new area” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.The study of selling products. B.The life insurance business..
C.The research of body language. D.The work for the MDRT
5.According to the passage, which of the following can best describe the author?
A.intelligent but overconfident B.open-minded and determined
C.thinking and sharp-eyed D.grateful and gentle
A pioneer in café consumerism(消费主义) in America and abroad, Starbucks Coffee company is commonly known as one of the world’s most expensive coffee chains. The prices for a Starbucks coffee vary(不同) not only with different drinks on the Starbucks menu and with Starbucks drink sizes, but also with the country in which you’re buying the drinks.
So just how much is Starbucks coffee, anyway? Below, you’ll find prices for Starbucks coffees of various types (including lattes, mochas and more) in the USA, the UK, Japan and elsewhere.
A Starbucks Grande Latte USA: $ 3.65 UK: 3.16 euros ($4.33 US) Japan: 425 Japanese yen($4.55 US) China: 27 Chinese renminbi ($4.32 US) Thailand: 36.47 Thai baht ($1.09 US) |
A Starbucks Grande Caramel Machiatto USA: $ 3.40 UK: 4 Great British pounds ($5.48 US) Japan: 470 Japanese yen($5.04 US) |
A Starbucks Grande Mocha USA: $ 3.30 UK: 2.90 Great British pounds ($3.97 US) Japan: 48 Japanese yen($5.14 US) |
A Starbucks Tall Brewed Coffee USA: $ 2.02 UK: 1.15 euros ($1.57 US) Japan: 410 Japanese yen($4.40 US) China: 10 Chinese renminbi ($1.60 US) |
A Starbucks Grande Caramel Frappuccino USA: $ 4.50 UK: 3.70 Great British pounds ($5.07 US) Japan: 510 Japanese yen($5.47 US) |
For more details about the Starbucks coffee, click cappromo.starbucks.com.
1.Starbucks coffee price is decided by the following factors except_______
A.drink types B.drink-consuming country
C.drink amount D.different tastes
2.How much should a couple pay at least if they both order the Starbucks Grande Caramel Machiatto in Japan ?
A.$6.80 B.$10.96 C.$5.04 D.$10.08
3.Which drink can be available in Thailand?
A.A Starbucks Grande Caramel Machiatto
B.A Starbucks Grande Latte
C.A Starbucks Grande Caramel Frappuccino
D.A Starbucks Grande Mocha
4.In the USA，which of these types of coffee costs the most?
A.A Starbucks Grande Latte.
B.A Starbucks Grande Mocha.
C.A Starbucks Grande Caramel Machiatto.
D.A Starbucks Grande Caramel Frappuccino.
5.Where can we most probably read this text?
A.In an ad column of a paper. B.On TV.
C.In a magazine. D.On the Internet.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What is the speaker doing?
A.selling a textbook. B.telling a class rule. C.introducing a course.
2.Which is one of the main purposes of the course?
A.To achieve all-round success.
B.To building up listening skills.
C.To study the listening process.
3.Whose textbook is preferred by the speaker?
A.William Brown’s. B.Helen Smith’s. C.Jackson Black’s.
4.How will the listeners be evaluated?
A.By the in-class performance and test grades.
B.By the mid-term and final grades.
C.By the small-test and final grades.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What is the possible relationship between the speakers?
A.Interviewer and interviewee.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Salesgirl and customer.
2.What does John do?
A.A worker. B.A firefighter. C.A high school student.
3.How often does John work?
A.every 40 hours. B.every day. C.every other day.
4.What kind of clothes does John have on for promotion(晋升)?
A.A blue work uniform. B.A dress uniform. C.A school uniform.
