阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Growing coffee beans is a huge, making-money business. However, unluckily, full-sun production is replacing the industry and causes a lot of damage. The change in growing coffee from shade-grown(荫下栽种) production to full-sun production brings certain animals and birds in danger, and even breaks the world’s ecological balance(生态平衡).
On a local level, the damage of the forest that is required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees gives a home to birds and other species which depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly in extinction.
On a more global level, the damage to the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also does harm to human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests’ plant and animal life, and the ruin of such species could keep researchers from finding ways for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing methods are harmful to the water locally, and lastly the world’s groundwater.
Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园)could mean breaking the balance of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a little change in the world’s climate(气候), and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Besides, the new growing methods are bringing about acidic (酸性) soil conditions.
It is clear that the way much coffee is grown affects a lot, from the local environment to the global ecology. But coffee users do have a choice. They can buy shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
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根据所给汉语或首字母拼写单词
1.He had completely___________(忽视)her words, preferring his own theory.
2.According to a health report, eating too much junk food a___________ our health.
3.___________(逐渐地), she realized that he wasn’t telling the truth.
4.The expert delivered a wonderful speech, saying that humans should give animals freedom and that caged animals should be r____________ into the wild.
5.In this section, we will____________(简要地)describe possible ways of reducing the costs.
6.The girl felt f____________ because a big dog that looked quite fierce was running at her.
7.I p____________ my father to give up smoking by making him know about its harmful effects on his health.
8.Half of my classmates are ___________(志愿者) of different community service projects.
9.I feel that this lesson has taught me so much and it is extremely __________(有价值) in my life.
10.The articles which are rather difficult should be s__________ to satisfy little children.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A little boy became very ill. Because other children weren’t allowed 1.(come) near him, he suffered greatly and spent his days in bed, feeling sad. There wasn’t much 2. he could do except look out of the window. One day he saw a strange shape in the window. The boy was very 3.(amaze). He was trying to work out what had happened when he saw 4. monkey busy blowing up a balloon outside his window. At first the boy asked 5.(he) what that could possibly be. 6. more and more crazy-looking characters appearing out of the window, he burst out 7.(laugh) and found it hard to stop.
Before long, his health improved so much that he was able to go back to school again. There he told his8.(friend) about all the strange things he had seen. While he 9.(talk) to his best friend he saw something sticking out of his friend’s school bag. The boy asked his friend what it was, and he was so insistent that finally his friend had to show him what was in the bag. There, inside, were all the fancy-dress suits his best friend had been using to try to cheer 10. the little boy!
Lydia was a smart girl，very smart. She loved being with her friends，going shopping and doing what every other girl likes to do. There was only one ____ that made Lydia self-conscious(敏感):She was ____. One autumn day Lydia and her best friend Judy were taking the train to do one of their favorite ____: shopping. As a normal child，Judy, both caring and patient, spoke to Lydia in ____ language all the time. The train continued to make its occasional(临时) stops when a boy，no older than fifteen years old，sat in the ____ across from Lydia. Lydia couldn’t help but notice how often the boy would ____ over at her to watch her move her ____ rapidly. This was one of the things that made Lydia unhappy.
“Why must everyone stare at me?” Lydia asked her best friend，trying to ____ the boy’s stare. “Doesn’t he ____ that I am deaf? There is no need to stare at me. He is probably thinking that I am very ____ or disabled. I _____people who prejudge(预先判断)others!” Lydia had become quite ____ ...
___, the train came to a pause, waking up the boy in deep thought then. He got up, ready to get off at his ____. Instead of hurrying off the train, however, he ____ to Lydia casually and stared to _____his hands as she had just moments before. “Excuse me，but I couldn’t help but notice that you don’t like it when people stare at you. I’m ____ I made you uncomfortable. To be honest，just because of that，I ____ to get to “talk” to other ____ in here. I feel self-conscious and different，so I was _____when I saw you. I thought maybe we could be friends.” With that，the boy walked off the train.
1.A.quality B.detail C.difference D.ability
2.A.shy B.deaf C.smart D.selfish
3.A.hobbies B.sports C.experiments D.exercises
4.A.native B.written C.foreign D.sign
5.A.train B.seat C.front D.back
6.A.glanced B.called C.laughed D.pointed
7.A.hands B.position C.baggage D.purse
8.A.catch B.avoid C.disturb D.face
9.A.remember B.care C.understand D.realize
10.A.self-conscious B.attractive C.strange D.painful
11.A.admire B.pity C.dislike D.appreciate
12.A.shocked B.upset C.frightened D.worried
13.A.Suddenly B.Naturally C.Immediately D.Directly
14.A.school B.home C.stop D.store
15.A.drove B.rushed C.announced D.headed
16.A.move B.shake C.raise D.wave
17.A.sorry B.surprised C.relieved D.frustrated
18.A.agree B.promise C.expect D.continue
19.A.tourists B.girls C.boys D.passengers
20.A.curious B.determined C.sad D.excited
Persuasion is the art of talking someone into agreeing with you. 1.
Ethos(理念) is a speaker’s way of persuading the audience that he is a dependable person.
2. For example, a speaker can develop ethos by explaining how much experience or education he has in a certain field. After all, you would be more willing to follow advice about how to educate your child from a teacher than a doctor.
Pathos(感染力) is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions. For example, a speaker who want people to vote for him might say that he can make the country richer and stronger.3.
Logos(理性) is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to make the argument more persuasive. 4. For example, an ad for soap might say that laboratory tests have shown that their soap kills all 7,000,000 of the bacteria on your hand, which might make it more probable for you to buy their soap. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “our soap is the best”.
Although the three tools above all have their strengths, they work best when used together.
5. Next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend trying to persuade you to lend him money, just remember these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.
A. These words can bring people great hope, making them want to vote for him.
B. These pictures are intended to fill the viewers with pity.
C. An audience will more probably believe you if you have data to support your opinions.
D. Use of logos can also increase a speaker’s ethos.
E. According to Aristotle, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.
F. In fact, most speakers use a mix of ethos, pathos and logos to persuade their audience.
G. An audience will consider a speaker dependable if he seems trustworthy, reliable and sincere.
After the summer break, Delhi’s children returned to school this month and found a new class added to their schedules: happiness.
It wasn’t a welcome-back joke. In a country where top universities require average test scores above 98 percent and where cheating on final high school exams is organized by a “mafia” that includes teachers and school officials, the Delhi government's new scheme marks a change of emphasis(强调)from student performance to well-being.
“We have given best-of-the-best graduates of ability to industry,” said Manish Sisodia, Delhi’s education minister, “…But have we been able to supplied best-of-the-best human beings to society, to the nation? “
Sisodia’s happiness classes represent a major experiment in a country known for its overstrict, bookish education system, which has helped cement a new middle class over the past thirty years but is also poorly thought of for encouraging rote(死记硬背的) learning and causing high pressure levels. Under the program, 100,000 Delhi students spend the first half-hour of each school day without opening a textbook, learning instead through inspirational stories and activities, as well as such thinking exercises as meditation.
Some teachers, though, remain uncertain. Some of them say, the public schools are too crowded for a course based so heavily on classroom interaction(互动). Others doubt that the happiness classes can change the culturally deep-rooted emphasis on exams and memorization. Geeta Gandhi Kingdon, chair of education, economics and international development at University College London, said that there haven’t been any studies to value their workability. “As far as I know, in some schools they are just another box-ticking exercise,” she said.
1.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A.To tell a welcome-back joke. B.To introduce a new program.
C.To argue against the testing system D.To emphasize studies mixed with happiness
2.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “cement “ in paragraph 4?
A.preview B.attend C.destroy D.increase
3.How is the fourth paragraph mainly developed?
A.By giving examples. B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order. D.By listing data
4.What's Geeta Gandhi Kingdon’s attitude towards the possibility of happiness classes?
A.confident B.hopeless C.doubtful D.indifferent
5.Which is the best title for this passage?
A.Delhi’s children return to school
B.Delhi offers “ happiness “ classes
C.Happiness classes become Welcome in Delhi
D.Happy classes prove another box-ticking exercise
