When we’re young children, many of us seem to have little trouble making new friends.1.. As adults, we tend to become more guarded with new people and have less time to devote to friendships. Consequently, most of us find it much harder to make new friends. If you’ve never experienced a close friendship, even as a child, you may find it even harder. But we all need and want good friends, even those of us who may sometimes pretend otherwise.
The need for friends is instinctual (本能的). Our survival used to depend on having friends to hunt and find food with, to help us build shelter and keep our families safe.2.They add meaning to life. They help you enjoy the good times and overcome the difficult ones. While strong relationships with friends can be a huge source of fun and pleasure, they are also important for your physical and emotional health.
Good friends can：
●3.
Even if it’s just having someone to share your problems with, friends can help you cope with serious illness, the loss of a job or loved one, the breakup of a relationship, or any other challenge in life.
● Help you to reach your goals.
Whether you’re trying to get fit, give up smoking, or otherwise improve your life, encouragement from a friend can really boost your willpower.4.
● Improve your mood.
Happiness can be infectious.5.
● Reduce stress and depression.
Having an active social life can benefit your immune system and help reduce isolation, a major factor for depression.
A．Friendships take time to form and even more time to deepen. |
B．Provide support when you're going through tough times. |
C．But as we age, friendships grow and develop differently. |
D．Spending time with positive friends can be happy. |
E. Yet they are less important nowadays.
F. It also increases your chances of success.
G. Today，good friends are just as important.
Never Talk to Strangers?
“Never talk to strangers.” Many children are taught this simple rule as a caution against abduction(诱拐). In June, 2005, an 11-year-old boy was lost in the Utah wilderness for four days. During that time, he stayed on the path. He saw people searching for him but hid from them, afraid someone might “steal” him. Eventually, the unfortunate game of hide-and-seek ended and he was found. According to the Canada Safety Council, this alarming incident shows how unwise it is to instill(灌输) a fear of strangers in children. The “stranger danger” message can prevent children from developing the social skills and judgment needed to deal effectively with real-life situations. In a difficult situation, a stranger could be their lifeline to safety.
To have a child go missing is a parent’s worst nightmare. The threat of abduction by a stranger is minimal when compared with other possible reasons for a disappearance. In 2004, there were 67,266 missing-children cases in Canada. Only 31 involved abduction; in most of those cases the abductor was a relative, friend, or person known to the family. There were 671 cases of children wandering off, and 332 cases of abductions by a parent. Almost 80 percent of all cases were runaways. These statistics cast doubt on the idea that children should never talk to strangers. Wandering off is more common - but a lost children may have to call upon a stranger for help, and must develop the ability to judge what kind of people to approach. The “never talk to strangers” rule does not protect children in the situations they are most likely to face. On top of this, it can be confusing. Adults do not model the behavior; they often talk to strangers. A child may not know how to tell who is a stranger, and who is not.
For young children, nothing replaces close supervision(监管). Pre-schoolers do not understand risk and tend to act without thinking. Children need to develop habits and attitudes that will protect them from the real threats and dangers they may face. The Canada Safety Council encourages parents to give their children age-appropriate positive messages about safety, bearing in mind how youngsters may understand their world.
1.Which of the following statements is true about the 11-year-old boy?
A.He practiced the “never talk to strangers” rule.
B.He hid from the rescuers just as he was told.
C.He eventually showed up when the game ended.
D.He went somewhere else to avoid being found.
2.Among the possible reasons for the missing-children cases in Canada, which one is the most frequent?
A.Being abducted by a parent. B.Wandering off.
C.Being abducted by strangers. D.Running away.
3.The “never talk to strangers” rule is confusing to children because __________.
A.a friendly and attractive person may be dangerous
B.adults do not act upon the rule and strangers are hard to tell
C.the rule does not protect children in the situation of abducting
D.a lost child may have difficulty in communicating with a stranger
4.Which would the author agree with about the “never talk to strangers” rule?
A.It is not well recognized by parents.
B.It is not effective in keeping kids safe.
C.It is easy enough for children to follow.
D.It is practical as a safety tip in daily life.
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台) . The bags are banned in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don't question these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A.Help increase grocery sales. B.Recycle the waste material.
C.Argue for the use of plastic bags. D.Stop things falling off trucks.
2.What does the word “headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Effects of city development. B.Bans on plastic bags.
C.Headaches caused by garbage. D.Plastic bags hung in trees.
3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A.Producing them requires more energy. B.Replacing them can be difficult.
C.They are less strong than plastic bags. D.They are quite expensive.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Garbage Collection and Waste Control B.Industry, Pollution and Environment
C.Recycle or Throw Away D.Plastic, Paper or Neither
Teachers and students at Herbert Slater Middle School in Santa Rosa, California are used to seeing 7th grader Raquel Zuniga holding a stuffed Kermit the Frog doll as she goes about her school day.
Raquel, aged 12, attends classes for students with mild to serious disabilities. Having her favorite frog doll Kermit by her side makes school life much easier for her, yet there are still times when Kermit’s cheery presence isn’t enough to help her through her anxiety.
One day Raquel was having a hard time changing halfway from inside the classroom to outside. Several teachers approached Raquel as she held Kermit tight and walked back and forth in the hallway, yet none could get through to the child. After nearly an hour, school resource officer Chris Morrison happened to wander by to see if she could help.
Chris herself was a teacher for high-risk students in Los Angeles for twelve years before joining the Santa Rosa Police. She’s now been on the job as a cop for eighteen years, but those teaching wisdoms still run deeply through her mind.
Without hesitation Chris approached the student and bean to speak to her in a comforting voice. Chris did something simple yet extraordinary: she began to sing. Not only does music have a calming effect on its own but also the song she selected was especially meaningful: “Rainbow Connection”, the 1997 song made famous by Kermit the Frog himself.
Raquel’s face lights up in a beautiful smile as she turns to her teacher as if to say, “She’s singing my song!”
“The three of us were standing there in awe,” said Assistant Principal Jessica Romero, adding that she wasn’t the least bit surprised that this kind act came from Officer Morrison. “She’s a very special soul,” Jessica explained. “She comes to everything she does with heart, with empathy, and is able to build close relationship with students.”
1.Why does Raquel always hold the Kermit frog doll in her school days?
A.Because she is mentally disabled. B.Because students are used to seeing it.
C.Because it gives her a sense of safety. D.Because the teachers there encourage it.
2.According to the article, what do we know about Chris Morrison?
A.She has been a teacher for high-risk students in Los Angeles for 12 years.
B.She is working both as a teacher at the middle school and a policewomen.
C.She is understanding and knows what to do to comfort the children in anxiety.
D.She is warm-hearted and always surprises the teachers around with her wisdom.
3.Chris chose the song “Rainbow Connection” because _______.
A.it is a song meaningful to Raquel
B.it is a song popular among children
C.it is a song familiar to Chris
D.it is a song to calm children
4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The satisfying ending of the warm story. B.Teacher’s impression about Chris Morrison.
C.Teachers’ reaction to Chris Morrison’s method. D.The unique method to get through to a child.
TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored. TRAIL SAFE! focuses on the central learning aims of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.
The TRAIL SAFE! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes long. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours-it’s up to you-but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification (验证) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you!
Ready to start?
Click on this link to access all TRAIL SAFE! videos: https://www.nps.gov/iatr/trail-safe.htm
If you require Audio Descriptive versions of TRAIL SAFE!, the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age Trail site.
Record your participation
In order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and email to: Matthew_mohrmannps.gov.
● Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?
● Name of the Trail where you volunteer.
● Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.
● Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.
● Optional: Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.
Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive your TRAIL SAFE! pin and risk assessment card via mail.
1.What is the aim of TRAIL SAFE!?
A.To urge everyone to explore safety factors.
B.To develop volunteers’ operational leadership.
C.To offer links to the websites for learning.
D.To improve protection for wildlife.
2.What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?
A.Send training verification emails B.Answer all of the questions.
C.Watch and register for all the series. D.Give some comments on the lessons.
3.How should participants watch the video lessons?
A.Watch 18 or 40 minutes a time. B.Finish them as soon as possible.
C.From the beginning through to the end. D.Give some comments on the lessons.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What is to be hosted on Wednesday evening?
A.A bake sale. B.A parent book club. C.An event to honor an artist.
2.When does the book fair end?
A.On Thursday. B.On Wednesday. C.On Monday.
3.Where will the money from the bake sale go?
A.A computer lab. B.The sports teams. C.The art department.
4.What happens to the computer lab?
A.It will be repaired. B.It will be closed forever. C.It will be put up for sale.
