选词填空，并翻译划线句子
Unit 4 Body language
Yesterday another student and I, 1. our university’s student association, went to meet this year’s international students. After half an hour of waiting. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around 2.. I went forward to greet them. After being introduced, they greeted each other in different ways, causing some 3. and culture mistakes.
As I get to know more intemational friends, I learn more about this cultural “body language”. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people 4. with spoken language, they also express their feelings through physical distance, actions or 5.. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to others 6. they meet. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries 7. others closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.
These actions are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general—not all members of a culture 8. in the same way. 9., though, studying international customs can certainly help 10. difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads.
Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
11.
Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.
12.
根据短文内容，回答问题。
Charlotte’s Web
Wilbur lay resting after the excitement and strain of the ceremony. His medal still hung from his neck; by looking out of the comer of his eye he could see it.
“Charlotte,” said Wilbur after a while, “why are you so quiet?” “I like to sit still,” she said. “I’ve always been rather quiet.” “Yes, but you seem specially so today. Do you feel all right?” “A little tired, perhaps. But I feel peaceful. Your success in the ring this morning was, to a small degree, my success. Your future is assured. You will live, secure and safe, Wilbur. Nothing can harm you now… All these sights and sounds and smells will be yours to enjoy, Wilbur—this lovely world, these precious days. Charlotte stopped. A moment later a tear came to wilbur’s eye. “Oh, Charlotte,” he said. “To think that when I first met you I thought you were cruel and bloodthirsty!” When he recovered from his emotion, he spoke again.
“Why did you do all this for me?” he asked. “I don’t deserve it I’ve never done anything for you.” “You have been my friend,” replied Charlotte. “That in itself is a tremendous thing. I wove my webs for you because I liked you. After all,what’s a life, anyway?… By helping you, perhaps I was trying to lift up my life a trifle. Heaven knows anyone’s life can stand a little of that.” “Well,” said Wilbur. “I’m no good at making speeches. I haven’t got your gift for words. But you have saved me, Charlotte, and I would gladly give my life for you—I really would.” “I’m sure you would. And I thank you for your generous sentiments.” “Charlotte”, said Wilbur. “The Fair is almost over, Aren’t you anxious to get home?” For a moment Charlotte said nothing. Then she spoke in a voice so low that Wilbur could hardly hear the words.
“I will not be going back to the barn,” she said.
Wilbur leapt to his feet. “Not going back?” he cried. “Charlotte, what are you talking about?”
“I’m done for,” she replied. “In a day or two I’ll be dead. I haven’t even strength enough to climb down into the crate. I doubt if I have enough silk in my spinnerets to lower me to the ground.” Hearing this, Wilbur threw himself down in an agony of pain and sorrow. Great sobs racked his body. ... “I won’t leave you here alone to die. If you’re going to stay here I shall stay, too.” “Don’t be ridiculous,” said Charlotte. “You can’t stay here. Zuckerman and Lurvy and John Arable and the others will be back any minute now, and they’ll shove you into that crate and away you’ll go.”
Wilbur was in a panic. he raced round and round the pen. Suddenly he had an idea he thought of the egg sac and the five hundred and fourteen little spiders that would hatch in the spring. If Charlotte herself was unable to go home to the barn, at least he must take her children along.
1.How did Charlotte feel after the ceremony that day?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.What did Wilbur think of Charlotte when he first met her?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.Why did Wilbur thank Charlotte?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.At the end of the passage, what idea did Wilbur have?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.What impresses you most in this passage? And why?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma, or sharing photos of your new puppy. Nevertheless, social media can be temible for your health. It’s our use of it that’s out of control.
British anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but we’re not connecting with them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have meaningful interactions with?
If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Joumal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not working, and it an also contribute to unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel happier. Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for comparison, which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows comparing yourself to others via social media also has negative effects, leading to symptoms of depression.
Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a bad idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the midst of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two conditions.
So how should you manage your social media usage?
First, know your time and purposes of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. As tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you.
Then, be in charge of your device, rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone s rings or vibrations don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you.
Finally, consider using your device as a relationship builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight.
When you’re in control of your digital consumption, social media becomes a tool to enrich your life and not a distraction (分心) that makes you feel miserable.
1.The author might agree that ________.
A.social media is immediate and interactive
B.it is hard to live without digital devices
C.friends on QQ are not friends indeed
D.improper social media use is harmful
2.American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that using social media ________.
A.can’t promote your expected connections
B.breaks up the meaningful communication
C.causes the unnecessary comparison
D.can’t bring more positive interactions
3.From the research by Rutgers University, we might conclude that ________.
A.participants without cell phones had quicker and deeper thinking
B.using cell phones couldn’t give participants mental breaks
C.cell phone users couldn’t complete their task successfully
D.mental breaks reduce efficiency of solving problems
4.To use social media as a relationship builder, you can ________.
A.call your friends to play online games together
B.book movie tickets for family time through apps
C.look through WeiBo when you have a family reunion
D.reply messages on We Chat while having dinner with friends
5.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Is social media killing your health?
B.How does social media affect your life?
C.Social media: to be or not to be?
D.Social media: use it wisely!
Vincent Van Gogh
Born in the Netherlands in 1853, van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16. He then left school and joined a company of art business in the larger city. During the next seven years, van Gogh bought and sold paintings in the Netherlands, London, and Paris. He eventually realized that dealing with others’ artwork was not his dream. He soon discovered that his dream was to become an artist himself.
He spent much of his time in learning the basic skills of drawing. He believed that to become a great painter, one must first master the ability to draw. It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints. That is when van Gogh developed a style for color that made him one of the most respected artists of all time.
Van Gogh’s paintings are amazing representations (代表) of his view of the world. He used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three-dimensional (三维). This quality makes people want to reach out and touch the painting.
Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of van Gogh’s use of color and brush style is his painting The Starry Night. The sky swirls across the canvas (画布), while the stars glow with unearthly brightness. Each brushstroke (笔画) creates the movement and lights. Under the sky rests a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving the impression of peace. A large tree in the foreground suggests that the view is enjoyed from the top of a hill, which offers a glimpse of the majesty (庄严) of the night sky. The Starry Night displays the gift of van Gogh’s ability to create a powerful image with simple brush and oils.
Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting. Yet van Gogh today is considered one of the greatest artists of all time. His influence is strong; many painters mimic his style and use of color. His artwork can be found in museums all over the world.
1.Van Gogh learned how to paint by ________.
A.reading books about art
B.observing the world around him
C.studying the works of great artists
D.equipping himself with basic skills
2.The author includes a photo of The Starry Night to ________.
A.praise van Gogh’s ability
B.present van Gogh’s respect for nature
C.show van Gogh’s style of painting
D.express van Gogh’s feelings about his art
3.The author seems to admire the ________ most about van Gogh’s paintings.
A.image B.light
C.theme D.brushwork
4.The underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph means ________.
A.copy B.teach
C.change D.create
Basic Steps of CPR Everyone Should Know
Do you know how to offer first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doctor available at hand? Applying CPR is usually helpful when emergencies such as a heart attack occurs. Read this CPR guide now so you know what to do if someone is experiencing a life-threatening (威胁生命) emergency.
Step 1. Position your hands.
Make sure the patient is lying on his back on a firm surface. Kneel beside him and place your hand on the center of the chest. Keep your arms straight, cover the first hand with the other hand and interlock (紧扣) the fingers of both hands together. Keep your fingers raised so they do not touch the patient’s chest.
Step 2. .
Push the breastbone up and down to a depth of about 5 cm about 30 times, at a rate of 100 beats per minute.
Step 3. Give rescue breaths.
Make sure the airway is open, and pinch (捏) the nose so it closes. Gently raise the chin (下巴) upwards with two fingers of your other hand. Take a deep breath, put your mouth over the patient’s, and blow until you can see his chest, rise.Then remove your mouth from the patient’s and look along the chest, watching the chest fall. To get another breath, lift your head and breathe in deeply. Perform Step 3 again.
Step 4. Repeat chest compressions (按压) and rescue breaths.
Repeat the 30 chest compressions followed by the two breaths about five times, and then check for normal breathing. If that person is not breathing normally, continue performing CPR. If breathing restarts as normal, stay with the injured person until help arrives.
First aid is an important life skill that everyone should learn. The more people who learn CPR, the more lives can be saved in the future.
1.We should do CPR at once, when someone ________.
A.suffers an accident and stops breathing
B.is hit by a car and can’t move
C.is suffering a serious headache
D.has a serious bleeding
2.Which of the following should be put in Step 2?
A.Interlock the fingers B.Open the airway
C.Press the chest D.Start the breath
3.Which picture describes the underlined statement in Para. 4?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.The author writes this passage to _______.
A.describe the dangerous experience
B.encourage people to care for others
C.show the damage of a heart attack
D.explain the steps to apply CPR
There came Bryan’s favorite game time. He sat back on the couch (沙发) and began to ________. As Bryan was playing, his mom walked through the room to see what he was doing. “Don’t let the video game turn you into a couch potato,” Mom said. Bryan didn’t reply and ________ his eyes on the flashing television screen. He gripped (抓) his controller tightly and pushed the buttons hard.
Soon, Bryan’s ________ began to hurt. He was having trouble moving his fingers. Bryan tried to stretch out his hand, ________ it felt like his fingers just wanted to curl back around the controller. Bryan ________ back into the couch. It was so comfortable that he felt like he was sinking deeper into the cushions (靠垫). He felt a little thirsty, but it would be too much trouble to get up and ________ the game. Then Bryan thought about ________ Mom had said. Was his body really becoming part of the couch? He tried to concentrate ________ his back and legs to feel where his body ended and the couch began, but he ________ feel much of anything at all.
Bryan looked down at his hands. They felt stiff (僵硬的) now, and it seemed like they were stuck around the controller. Bryan felt ________.Could he really be turning into a video game controller? Would he just disappear into the couch before supper? Suddenly, Bryan ________ the controller and made himself stand up. He stretched his arms up toward the ceiling and then reached his hands down to touch his toes. His body tingled (刺痛) as he moved.
A Bryan ran to the kitchen to tell his mom what had happened. “Well, at least we know that video games haven’t ________ your mind,” Mom said. She buckled (轻声地笑), but Bryan still felt very serious. “I think I’ll take a break from video games and go outside ________.” Bryan said. And that’s just what he did.
That day Bryan got a(n) ________. It’s wise to make playing video games a way of relaxation and keep a balance between video games and suitable exercise. Otherwise a man will end up with a couch potato, or even, a ________ of video games.
1.A.eat B.watch C.play D.write
2.A.moved B.left C.kept D.closed
3.A.hand B.head C.eyes D.neck
4.A.or B.so C.but D.until
5.A.turned B.walked C.looked D.settled
6.A.sell B.pause C.start D.run
7.A.where B.which C.how D.what
8.A.on B.with C.from D.to
9.A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.couldn’t
10.A.worried B.disappointed C.excited D.angry
11.A.fixed B.observed C.designed D.dropped
12.A.ruined B.opened C.relaxed D.read
13.A.though B.too C.instead D.still
14.A.desire B.lesson C.belief D.challenge
15.A.suspect B.slave C.master D.loser
