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Languages will continue to diverge. Even...

    Languages will continue to diverge. Even if English were to become the universal language, it would still take many different forms. Indeed the same could happen to English as has happened to Chinese: a language of intellectuals which doesn’t vary hugely alongside a large number of variations used by local peoples.

We will continue to teach other languages in some form, and not just for reasons of practical use. Learning a language is good for your mental health; it forces you to understand another cultural and intellectual system. So I hope British education will develop a more rational approach to the foreign languages available to students in line with their political importance. Because so many people believe it is no longer important to know another language, I fear that time devoted to language teaching in schools may well continue to decline. But you can argue that learning another language well is more exhausting than, say, learning to play chess well—it involves sensitivity to a set of complicated rules, and also to context.

Technology will certainly make a difference to the use of foreign languages. Computers may, for instance, relieve the hard work that a vast translation represents. But no one who has seen a computer translation will think it can substitute for live knowledge of the different languages. A machine will always be behind the times. Still more important is the fact that no computer will ever get at the associations beyond the words associations that may not be expressed but which carry much of the meaning. In languages like Arabic that context is very important. Languages come with heavy cultural baggage too—in French or German if you miss the cultural references behind a word you’re very likely to be missing the meaning. It will be very hard to teach all that to computer.

All the predictions are that English will be spoken by a declining proportion of the world’s population in the 21st century. I don’t think foreign languages will really become less important, but they might be perceived to be— and that would in the end be — a very bad thing.

1.According to the text,we can infer that Chinese _______.

A.is a language full of cultural background

B.is narrowly used by local peoples

C.will be regarded as important as English

D.will soon become the universal language

2.Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion ?

A.Foreign languages should be taught for political importance.

B.Learning another language is just like learning to play chess well.

C.British education lacks a rational approach to the teaching of foreign languages.

D.Learning a language need to know a country’ cultural and intellectual system.

3.Why can the computer translation make a difference to the use of foreign languages?

A.It can replace for live knowledge of the different languages.

B.It can always keep the pace with the times in the translation.

C.It can reduce the hard work that a vast translation represents.

D.It can express the implied meaning beyond word associations.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.Learning foreign languages is a challenging job.

B.Learning a language is good for your mental health.

C.Cultural background blocks the understanding of a language.

D.Computers play an important role in learning foreign languages.

 

1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 【解析】 本文是说明文。学好外语是一项有挑战性的工作,因为学语言不仅要对一套复杂的规则而且要对语境非常敏感。 1.推理判断题。根据第一段Indeed the same could happen to English as has happened to Chinese: a language of intellectuals which doesn’t vary hugely alongside a large number of variations used by local peoples.得知中文和英文一样不会有太多变化,因为有许多当地民族使用的语言变体。故可以推断出中文是一种富有文化背景的语言。故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段Learning a language is good for your mental health; it forces you to understand another cultural and intellectual system.得知学习外语有助于脑力健康;它迫使你了解另一种文化和智力体系。故可以得知作者认为学习外语需要了解它国家的文化和智力体系。故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据第三段Technology will certainly make a difference to the use of foreign languages. Computers may, for instance, relieve the hard work that a vast translation represents.得知科技对外语的使用有影响,电脑可以解脱大量翻译的艰苦工作。故选C。 4.主旨大意题。根据第二段But you can argue that learning another language well is more exhausting than, say, learning to play chess well—it involves sensitivity to a set of complicated rules, and also to context.得知学好外语比学好象棋更费力,因为学语言不仅要对一套复杂的规则而且要对语境非常敏感。故可以推断出本文主要讲述的是学外语是一个挑战性的工作。故选A。
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“Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space — with some added benefits, ” says Dr Mathew White, a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter.White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness. First, there are the beneficial environmental factors, such as less polluted air and more sunlight. Second, people who live by water tend to be more physically active. Third — and this is where blue space seems to have an edge over other natural environments — water has a psychologically restorative effect. When you are sailing, surfing or swimming, says White, “you’re really in tune with natural forces there.” By being forced to concentrate on the qualities of the environment, we access a cognitive state honed over millennia. Water is, quite literally, immersive.

Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in “mindfulness by the sea”. She says the sea has a meditative quality.

“To go to the sea is synonymous with letting go, ” says Kelly. “It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail. For somebody else, it could be a wild, empty coast. But there is this really human sense of: ‘Oh, look, there’s the sea’ — and the shoulders drop.”

1.Why do people go to the “blue space” for a relaxation ?

A.To seek positive effect on body and mind.

B.To have a good swim in the blue sea.

C.To consider the beneficial environmental factors.

D.To tend to be more careful and active.

2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A.The characteristics of the beneficial and friendly environmental factors.

B.The classification of being by water is good for body and mind.

C.The importance of the beneficial and friendly environmental factors.

D.The causes of being by water are good for body and mind.

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A.Being interested. B.Being forced.

C.Being involved. D.Being moved.

4.What does Catherine Kelly find about “going to the sea” according to the text?

A.Trick of the lesson B.Secret of the happiness.

C.Sense of human beings D.Broadness of the sea

 

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Inside the office, you will find a laptop with 100-year-old grandmother Eileen Wilkinson waiting to chat. She may live across the country in Washington State, but thanks to her grandson, Mike Matthews, who is a social professor at New York University, she is now sharing words of wisdom for a chat.

“You can be anything you want, ” Eileen said. “Don’t complain about anything. You can do something about it.”

Over the past three months, hundreds of people have stopped by, chatting with Eileen as if they were old friends. “She completely gets a kick out of meeting New Yorkers because they are so open about their lives, ” said Matthews.

A music student asked for advice on a performance. Others were curious about life in 1917.

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3.What will Eileen do in the future?

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D.Continue to share her wisdom.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

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B.A Special 100-year-old Woman.

C.Helping the Strangers Is Interesting.

D.The Secret to a 100-year-old Woman’s Long Life.

 

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A.It lasts a long time.

B.It provides local products.

C.It offers all kinds of food.

D.It attracts antiques experts.

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A.It the year of 1130.

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D.Twenty-five years ago.

3.Where is this text most likely from ?

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C.A website. D.A magazine.

 

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