Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in 1881 and his parents were both farmers. He moved to London in 1895 and finished his basic education. Fleming entered the medical field in 1901, studying at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School. While at St. Mary’s, he won the 1908 gold medal as top medical student.
A position at St. Mary’s Hospital led him to the then-new field of bacteriology(细菌学). During World War I, Fleming served in the Royal Army Medical Corps. At the time, antiseptics(抗菌剂) were commonly used. Fleming discovered that their destructive effects on the body were greater than their ability to break down harmful bacteria. Therefore, more soldiers were dying from antiseptic treatment(治疗) than from bacterial harm.
Fleming suggested that, for more effective treatment, wounds simply be kept dry and clean. However, his idea largely got ignored because of the difficult conditions. Returning to St. Mary’s after the war, in 1918, Fleming worked as the assistant director of St. Mary’s.
In September 1928, Fleming returned to his lab after a month away with his family, and was surprised to notice that a type of bacteria he had left out had become polluted by a mold(霉菌). The bacteria surrounding this mold had been destroyed. He realized that he discovered the world’s first bacteria killer. It was later named “penicillin”.
Further development of penicillin was not a one-man operation, so Fleming employed two young researchers. Penicillin finally came into use during World War II and Fleming won the Nobel Prize in 1945.
1.What do we know about Fleming?
A.He began to study medicine at the age of 14.
B.He completed his basic education in Scotland.
C.He had excellent performance while in college.
D.He started his career due to his parents’ influence.
2.What did Fleming find during World War I?
A.The British army suffered from a lack of antiseptics.
B.Few people wanted to study the field of bacteriology.
C.Soldiers had limited knowledge of treating their wounds.
D.Antiseptics did more harm than good to wounded soldiers.
3.What does Paragraph 4 imply?
A.Fleming discovered penicillin quite by accident.
B.Penicillin was Fleming’s first well-known discovery.
C.Penicillin was later put into use by Fleming’s students.
D.Fleming made a mistake while preparing for an operation.
4.How does the author organize the text?
A.By providing data. B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons. D.By following time order.
Do you want to join a club in our school? Here are some clubs that you might be interested in.
Chinese Culture Club
The Chinese Culture Club focuses on exploring Chinese culture. You don’t have to speak the Chinese language; you’re just required to have a true interest in the Chinese way of life. The club regularly explores Chinese culture through traditional Chinese food, movies, and celebrations. Contact Ms Huang if you would like to learn more. Meet every Thursday after lunch in Room 805.
Chess club
Come out and join the Chess Club! We will meet to explore chess theory and strategy. We will also test our new knowledge through competitive games. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced one, players of all levels are welcome! Meet on Wednesdays from 3:00 pm－4:30 pm, in Room 701 with Mr Longino.
Science Club
We’ll be doing experiments and prepare ourselves for the annual Science Olympiad. All the students are welcome! Members of science Club meet on Thursdays from 3:00－4:00 in Room 702, with Mr Underriner.
Robotics Club
The club aims at providing the students with an opportunity to design their own robot, in order to compete in the NYC FIRST Tech Challenge Competition in the late fall and winter.
Also, if you are a parent willing to help with expertise(专业知识), feel free to contact Mr. Irimina. Meet on Fridays in Room 103 from 3:00pm－4:55 pm.
Chorus (合唱队)
The Chorus is an opportunity for students to sharpen their vocal(发声的) skills and overcome stage fright. Students will sing songs, but our focus is soul, R&B, and rock. All chorus members are expected to participate in the school musicals as well as other shows. Meet after school on Thursdays with Mr Copeland in Room 602.
1.What is a requirement if you want to join Chinese Culture Club?
A.Being able to speak Chinese.
B.Knowing well about Chinese culture.
C.Knowing the ways to cook Chinese food.
D.Being interested in the Chinese way of life.
2.What can we learn about Chess Club?
A.It doesn’t offer students chances to join competitive games.
B.It doesn’t accept students without basic knowledge of chess.
C.It improves students’ chess theory and ability to play chess.
D.It opens to students for two hours a week.
3.Why was Robotics Club created?
A.To help students design robots for a competition.
B.To inspire parents to take part in their children’s activities.
C.To organize the FIRST Tech Challenge Competition in NYC.
D.To raise money for scientific research done by the schools in NYC.
假定你是李华。你了解到教育部出台规定，严禁中小学生将个人手机、平板电脑等电子产品带入课堂。请用英语给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，发表你对这一规定的感想，并询问对方国家的学生使用手机情况。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当加入细节，以使行文连；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
Recently, the education authorities in China introduced a regulation that would ban primary and middle school students from bringing electronic devices into classrooms without permission.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Peter,
Good news travels fast! I am glad to hear that you were admitted Yale University. Please accept my sincerely congratulations on your success.
I knew how hard you have been working for these years but, I am very proud of you for your success. I am sure that it is just my persistence and hard work which, leads to your current success. Just as the old saying go, “ No pains, no gains". I strongly believe that you will make a greater progress in your future studies and works.
At the end of my letter, I put my best wishes for you! And I look forward to see you before long.
Yours,
Lily
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
What is a classic? It can 1.(put) in the following way: When you reread a classic, you do not see more in the book than you did before: you see more in you than you did before.
A classic is a book that gives you wonderful feelings, and enables you to uncover part of the 2. (mean) of life. A classic is a book that has stood the test of time, 3. book that men and women all over the world want to keep all their lives. Not many books can stand such a test 4. (consider) all the books that have been produced, classics account for only a very small share of the total-less than 0. 001 percent. That is just a few thousand books. Under 100 5.those make up the solid core (核心).
You may ask 6. we should read the classics? I suggest three reasons: a classic opens your mind, helps you grow and helps you understand your life, your world, yourself. A classic can give you insights into yourself. 7. (certain), you can get pleasure out of almost any book. But a classic, once you go deep into it, 8. (lift) you up high! When you read classics, you'll find yourself 9. (inspire) by the thoughts and observations of the most gifted 10. (writer) in history.
To Any Soldier
My army career was baptism by fire (战火的洗礼). Married for only year and half, I was _________ my wife and baby daughter when I was Bent abroad. As a unit on the go in the years _________ cell phones and Wi-fi, we had _________ opportunities to communicate with loved ones.
One night while sitting by myself, investigated the "Any Soldier" _________, a time-worn cardboard box with letters and packages from my fellow Americans. I chose one shoebox-size _________. Inside was a bag of chocolate-chip cookies which were no longer _________ Underneath, I found about 20 cards from children who had _________ stick figure people and asked about riding camels, eating spiders, and how often I could swim in the ocean. At the _________ was a letter from their teacher in Ohio _________ how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war.
I was __________ touched by this gesture and decided to write a letter of gratitude. I __________ the teacher for what her children had done.
Around 2013, I received a Facebook friend request from a woman with whom I __________ no contacts. I replied that __________ we were friends, I could not accept her request. Her reply __________ with me.
"Dear sir, "she wrote. "We have never __________, but in 1991 I was a second-grade teacher at a school in Ohio and our classroom sent a care package __________ to 'Any Service Member'. The thank-you letter you __________ was framed and has been posted on the wall of the school for more than 20 years. I wanted to again thank you for your __________ to our country. God bless you."
We never spoke again, but this gracious teacher __________ my belief in doing what my mother always taught me: Write thank-you notes — you never know how many people your kindness can __________.
1.A.forgetting B.missing C.expecting D.appreciating
2.A.before B.of C.on D.for
3.A.wonderful B.unique C.limited D.equal
4.A.report B.member C.incident D.mailbox
5.A.package B.letter C.book D.card
6.A.cold B.homemade C.warm D.fresh
7.A.recommended B.shocked C.drawn D.imagined
8.A.bottom B.beginning C.back D.best
9.A.proving B.explaining C.admitting D.reminding
10.A.truly B.hardly C.secretly D.merely
11.A.admired B.praised C.scolded D.thanked
12.A.lost B.shared C.recognized D.discovered
13.A.since B.although C.unless D.once
14.A.agreed B.dealt C.reasoned D.stuck
15.A.informed B.met C.quarreled D.taught
16.A.returned B.presented C.linked D.addressed
17.A.composed B.received C.read D.delivered
18.A.apology B.attention C.service D.introduction
19.A.challenged B.strengthened C.abandoned D.shook
20.A.change B.surprise C.touch D.defend
