“In life, we're often torn between the person we want to be and the person we ought to be. Yet, while many hesitate to take the risks associated with becoming their ideal selves”, a new study notes that people unavoidably regret not pursuing their passion.
Inspired by research published in the 1990s, psychologist Thomas Gilovich along with his colleague Shai Davidai built upon his original study, which proved that regrets often evolve from what people haven't done. According to the new research, our most enduring regrets grow from not living up to our ideal selves, as opposed to not living according to our “ought selves” (the people we should have been based on our duties and responsibilities).
Researchers began by explaining the difference between regrets concerning the “ideal self” and the “ought self”, before asking participants to list, name, and categorize their regrets. Across the six different studies conducted, participants said they experienced regrets concerning their ideal selves more often. They also mentioned more ideal-self regrets than ought-self regrets when asked to list their regrets in life. When asked to name their single biggest regret in life, participants were also more likely to mention a regret about not fulfilling their ideal selves than their ought selves.
However, Gilovich and Davidai still recommend that people move on with caution, as the best way to live depends on how much weight you attach to your ought self vs. your ideal self. “If you place a premium on your ought self, you would be wise to minimize (your) regrets by thinking twice before moving forward (and seizing the moment). ” they suggest. “However, if one is an adventurous soul guided by her ideal self, she might indeed end up happier by seizing the day and not looking back. ”
Despite this research, however, knowing what you want and pursuing that passion are two different things. Mark Twain's words may give you the courage to go for your goals：
Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do than by the ones you did. So throw off the bowlines (帆脚索), sail away from the safe harbor, catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover.
1.How did the researchers get their new findings?
A.By analyzing their six previous studies.
B.By asking people to explain what regret is.
C.By looking into the content of people's regrets.
D.By comparing people's regrettable and fulfilling experiences.
2.What can we know about the “ideal self” and the “ought self” according to the researchers?
A.They are equally important aspects in people's lives.
B.It's very difficult for people to choose between them.
C.The choice between them can affect people's lifestyles.
D.People may choose one and change to the other in life.
3.What does the underlined part “place a premium on” in Para. 4 mean?
A.Value. B.Know.
C.Ignore. D.Refuse.
4.What may the author advise us to do?
A.Never regret anything in life.
B.Look back now and then in life.
C.Be patient when going for our goals.
D.Do what we want to without hesitation.
It was with noble purpose that Eric Lichtblau came to write “ Return to the Reich” . He wanted to celebrate the anonymous, unsung heroes of World War Ⅱ. Eli Rosenbaum, a long-time Nazi hunter, suggested the author look up Freddy Mayer, who led one of the war's most successful spy efforts. Mr. Lichtblau seized on the advice and immediately set out to meet Mayer, who was by then 94.
During their conversation, the author learned how a Jewish kid from Freiburg fled Nazi Germany, arrived in America and eventually joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), to be dropped as a spy into occupied Austria. Later in life, he was asked by an interviewer what made him such a good spy. “Chutzpah!” he responded. “I was afraid of absolutely nothing.”
Mayer was only 11 years old in 1933 when Hitler became chancellor (JI) of Germany. The boy's father, a decorated war veteran, thought his prior service to his country would protect his family from the rising tide of anti-Jewish. This didn't stop a boy at school from calling Freddy a “stinking Jude” . Eventually he was forced out of school and in March of 1938 the Mayer family emigrated to the United States. In Brooklyn, New York, 16-year-old Freddy worked as an automobile mechanic, bouncing from job to job as he sought better wages to help support his family. In October 1942, Mayer finally succeeded in enlisting and left for basic training. He made himself a natural leader and an ingenious soldier with a remarkable ability to improvise in unexpected situations. Given that he was also trilingual — he spoke German, English and French — it's a wonder the OSS took so long to recruit him.
Mr. Lichtblau delivers the account with pure admiration for his hero. Despite his intention to reveal an untold story of bravery, Mr. Lichtblau does not furrow much new ground here. But one can understand why the author pursued it: Freddy Mayer, who died two months after his meeting with Mr. Lichtblau, is an irresistible subject, and he deserves a dozen more accounts of his adventures.
1.Why did Eric Lichtblau want to write “Return to the Reich” ?
A.Because he was a noble man.
B.Because he wanted to sing high praise for those unknown heroes in World War Ⅱ.
C.Because he enjoyed the experience of Freddy Mayer in World War Ⅱ very much.
D.Because he wanted his readers to know more about the secrets of World War Ⅱ.
2.What does the word “Chutzpah” in the second paragraph mean?
A.Craziness. B.Cleverness.
C.Fearlessness. D.Devotion.
3.What was the reason for Freddy Mayer and his family's emigration to the US?
A.That his father was a decorated war veteran.
B.That a boy at school called Freddy a “stinking Jude” .
C.That he had to support his family with a high salary.
D.That he and his family were Jews.
4.Among the following statements, which is WRONG?
A.Freddy Mayer once slipped into occupied Austria as a spy.
B.Young Freddy Mayer lived a hard life when he was in New York.
C.The OSS valued Freddy Mayer because he was a natural leader and an ingenious soldier.
D.Mr. Lichtblau revealed a lot of unknown stories of the hero's bravery in “Return to Reich” .
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写作一（满分15分）
请就以下话题，按要求用英文写作。
If you could give your younger self one piece of advice, what would you say?
要求：
（1）作出回答并说出理由；
（2）词数不少于60；
（3）在答题卡上做答。
在班级活动中，当你的想法与大多数同学不一致时，你是坚持自己的观点并说服别人，还是尊重大多数同学的意见？请你以“When I Have a Different Opinion”为题，用英文写一篇100～120个词“短文。要求如下：
1.从以上两种做法中选择一种；
2.以具体事例阐述你选择的理由。
注意：短文中，不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、同学姓名等真实信息。否则，按考试作弊行为认定。
When I Have a Different Opinion
请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，有英语写一篇短文。
Questioning is a bridge to learning. When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer,you will learn.
注意：1.无须写标题；
2.除诗歌外，文体不限；
3.内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；
4.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
5.词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
