France has the most beautiful castles th...

Translation.

1.计算机被认为是一项最重要的发明。（regard）

2.我们攀登那座山的尝试最终成功了。（attempt）

3.在这部电影里担任主角让她喜极而泣。（role）

4.在这个房间开讲座是没有用的，因为高架的噪音会淹没声音。（use）

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Guilt is one of the most painful emotions that human experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: It alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong. This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions 1.

Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way, It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inactions. Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits. 2.

The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilty, it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.

For example, some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. 3. No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.

It is also important to acknowledge what you're feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal, Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.

4. If so, don't try to conceal it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness. Learn from your mistakes, and try to avoid committing the same acts again. Getting on well with the person you hurt should make you guilty feeling fade.

Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it well.

A. Other people experience false guilt because of high expectations for themselves.

B. It's possible that you feel guilty because you actually did something wrong.

C. Others try to cover up their guilt by blaming others or becoming angry.

D. It can also motivate people to avoid making similar mistakes later.

E. In this case, it's important to remind yourself that you have limits.

F. Moreover, guilt can result in physical and mental discomforts meanwhile

    Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎) as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spine

This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.

The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列), Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.

Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of which helps keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D. which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food. Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets

1.What does this article mainly explain?

A.Various aspects of a medical condition.

B.The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.

C.Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.

D.The location of organs in the human body.

2.How does the writer begin this article?

A.By predicting improvement.

B.By analyzing a series of data.

C.By introducing minor injuries.

D.By describing a gradual process

3.What can readers find in this article?

A.A warning about working out too hard.

B.A method for improving sleep quality.

C.A slogan used to promote health classes.

D.A big criticism often aimed at doctors.

4.What does the article imply about supplement?

A.They are mainly for youngsters.

B.They are commercial products.

C.They are now being researched.

D.They are seldom truly effective

What to endure before publication?

It takes a lot to write a novel. Even those who haven’t tried would say, “Well, duh!” to this. But it’s not much the mind space or the considerable time it takes to write a novel that is as discouraging as how many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another draft. To really ready a novel for publication, a writer must spend time with his or her book. Like any promising relationship, you, the writer, must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it through its most trying and desperate times. As a writer, you have to stay up all night with your novel crying and talking and sometimes even pulling your hair out before that perfect moment of inspiration can truly help you cross the finish line.

For many published authors I know, myself included, a completed novel takes them about 10, that’s right, 10 drafts, and at least a year of real editing. Will you be spending every single second editing your novel? No, of course not. Just as drafts need some real time on the surgery table, they also need rest in the recovery room. You don’t nurse a relationship by spending every waking second with them until you can’t stand the sight of each other, and you can’t produce a novel by breathing down its literary neck. However, a novel should undergo many drafts — and different kinds of drafts — before declaring it ready for an agent or editor to see.

Everyone has their own way to write a novel, and not all craft advice (or even craft “rules”）should all be followed by everyone, but when it comes to the many drafts of a novel, there are specific things a writer should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition from the initial idea to final products.

1.People are discouraged from writing a novel mainly because it requires ______.

A.a good publisher B.too much thinking

C.tons of working time D.frequent revisions

2.By “breathing down its literary neck” in Paragraph 2, the author most probably means ______.

A.writing casually thus failing to take readers’ breath away

B.letting go a single mistake thus annoying the readers

C.X-raying the work thus finding each literary mistake

D.sticking too close to the work thus causing anxiety

3.Which of the following is most likely to come after the last paragraph?

A.The importance of using proper transitional words in writing.

B.The writing experience shared by famous successful write.

C.Tips on how to make ten drafts to complete a good novel.

D.Setbacks writers may suffer if ignoring the craft advice.

    Jack London, one of America’s major writers of adventure tales, was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.

London loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting.

London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, farmer, factory employee, railroad worker, and gold prospector, to name just a few of his many jobs.

London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is a much larger sailing boat. Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In 1897, he headed for Alaska. He didn’t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories.

London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather be a superb meteor(流星), every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer, nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer. White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London’s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels.

1.Why was Jack London able to write on many topics?

A. He pushed himself to reach goals.

B. He had a variety of experiences and jobs.

C. He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush.

D. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author.

2.What prevented Jack London from finishing college?

A. That he was hired to sail to Japan.

B. That he traveled to Alaska in 1897.

C. That he spent much of his time writing.

D. That he was not interested in college life enough.

3.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London______.

A. is expert at universe.

B. aims high and strive to succeed.

C. is excited about life if the wildness.

D. face a choice between life and death.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A. To support the statement that London was the “best writer?.

B. To describe life during the klondike Gold Rush.

C. To provide information on Jack ‘s life.

D. To identify books written by Jack London.