The brain is a remarkable part.It's responsible for thoughts and feelings.Now a new study finds that going through tough times as a kid also can have an impact.The adult brains of people who lived through lots of stress before the age of six—and then became depressed or anxious as teenagers—were different compared with adults who had an easier childhood.It seems that teens changed the shape of their brains by internalizing (使内在化) the stresses experienced years earlier.
Researchers already knew that the shape and size of a child's brain can change in response to lots of stress.They also knew that adults were more likely to be depressed if，as kids，they'd lived in poverty.Some studies showed that these depressed adults had unusual changes in their brain shape.But no one had tested if the early stress and later brain changes were linked.
Scientists in England studied almost 500 boys from birth until the ages of 18 to 21.Sarah Jensen is one of the new study's authors.Almost all of the boys her team studied experienced some hard times as kids.And，she concludes，“This is not necessarily harmful.”To some extent，that's just life.What can be dangerous，she says，is when children experience too many forms of difficulties.Her team's new data suggest that the tougher the childhood，the stronger the impact on the brain might be.
What's happening in the world around us relates to how we feel.Her team linked more childhood stress to more depression.Still，she notes，it's possible that if you find support for anxiety or depression，you might be able to prevent the changes seen here.“If you can change the environment，you can change the course of things，”Sarah says.So，she recommends，if teens develop anxiety or depression，it's good to ask for psychological doctors to give advice.
1.When people had a hard childhood， ．
A.they will have a brave attitude to life
B.their way of thinking may be strange
C.they will be good at dealing with stress
D.the shape of their brain may be changed
2.What is the breakthrough of the new research?
A.The size of the brain can change.
B.The brain can be influenced by stress.
C.Poverty can affect the brain's shape in future.
D.Changes in brain are connected with earlier hardship.
3.It's a problem when children ．
A.had a lonely childhood
B.led a peaceful childhood
C.got different kinds of hardship
D.experienced limited hard times
4.For teenagers with anxiety，Sarah suggests .
A.they adapt to their life
B.they seek professional help
C.they talk to friends or relatives
D.they become confident and optimistic
Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and even of books—especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy ‘proper’ books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard covers.
There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charing Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being ‘the biggest bookshop in the world’ to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize — in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy(哲学), politics or any other of the myriad subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes solely in books about ballet.
Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charing Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volumes, the collector must venture(冒险) off the beaten path, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so grand as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and tip out their sacks of books on to small barrows(手推车) which line the gutters(贫民区). And the collectors, some professional and some amateur(业余爱好者)have been waiting for them. In places like this one can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds.
1.According to the passage, we can infer that __________.
A.Londoners like borrowing books from libraries
B.Londoners like buying books, magazines and newspapers
C.Londoners like reading books in libraries
D.Londoners don't like buying ‘proper’ books.
2.Charing Cross Road which is well-known for ________ lies in the __________ of London.
A.bookstores, East Central district B.publishing houses, downtown
C.Bookshops, center D.libraries, countryside
3.The underlined word “solely” in the second paragraph means__________.
A.wholly B.partly
C.jointly D.seldom
4.The third paragraph mainly tells us _________in London.
A.where to buy the dear new books
B.where to buy the cheap new books
C.where to buy the cheap second-hand books
D.where to buy the dear second-hand books
Zoos give people a chance to get close to animals from every continent in the world. But zoos that offer more than just a chance to see animals are worth visiting. Singapore Zoo
At Singapore Zoo, enjoy breakfast while a family of orangutans (猩猩) sits nearby enjoying theirs. A zookeeper tells the breakfast crowd about each member of the family. Or join the Wild Discoverer tour for a detailed look at some of the animals.
Bronx Zoo
The Bronx Zoo in New York City houses 6,000 animals. Those who want to sleep with zebras (斑马) have a chance at this zoo. Special overnight journeys allow families to camp out on the zoo grounds and meet some amazing animal guests.
Taronga Zoo
The Taronga Zoo in Sydney, Australia offers special animal contact. Visitors can see a koala up close, feed a giraffe or hold a reptile. For those who want to learn what it’s like to work at a zoo, Taronga offers a “Keeper for A Day” program for anyone over 18 years old.
San Diego Zoo
At Southern California’s San Diego Zoo, animals live in natural-looking areas. Wildlife photography (摄影) lovers can take a class to learn the secrets of photographing animals. The zoo offers people opportunities to meet a lion or feed a rhino. The zookeepers also teach people how to talk to the animals so they will talk back.
1.Where can you breakfast with orangutans?
A. At Bronx Zoo. B. At Taronga Zoo.
C. At Singapore Zoo. D. At San Diego Zoo.
2.The “Keeper for A Day” program is intended for .
A. animal protectors B. wildlife researchers
C. adults working with keepers D. adults interested in keepers’ life
3.At San Diego Zoo, you can .
A. sleep with lions or rhinos
B. join the Wild Discoverer tour
C. camp out overnight on the zoo grounds
D. have a better communication with animals
假设你是李华, 你的英国朋友Tom要来你校任教。为了方便，他打算在学校附近租房子，发来邮件向你咨询合适的房源。请你根据下表提供的信息回复邮件。
注意：1.词数不少于100。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：公寓apartment
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（╲）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years. It came sudden and went on for over three hours. After lunch, I went into my room to have a rest. The air was hot, but all was quiet. Then a strong wind started to blow into my room. Pieces of paper on my desk flew high into the air and some flew out the open window. As I ran out to catch it, big drop of rain began to fall. When I come back into the house, it was raining more harder and harder. Then I heard a loud crashing sound from the back of the house. When I ran out to find out that had happened, a big tree had fallen down and broke the top of the backroom .
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Susan went to a boarding school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to 1.parents from the school.
Dear Mom and Dad,
I’m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school principal is very angry2. me. She is going to write to you. Y ou must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school 3. .
The trouble4. (start) last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.
As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher5.(catch) me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper basket, 6.caught fire. There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was7.(burn) .The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in 8.(flame). Many of the girls are in the hospital.
The principal says that the fire was all my 9.and you must pay 10.the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.
I am very sorry about this.
Much love, Susan.
