阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
From the “Roman Warm Period” to the “Little Ice Age” that began in the 14th century, periods of hot and cold weather1. (extend) for centuries. As a result, many have argued that the current period of global warming2.(be) part of a natural pattern and the human role in creating3. has been exaggerated.
This new study suggests that is not4. case. Scientists reconstructed the major climate events of the past 2,000 years by looking around 700 records, tree rings, ice cores and lake sediments(沉淀物) 5. (include). Not one single event affected as much of the world6.the present period of warming is now doing. Other scientists7. have looked at the study have been impressed by the quality of the research.
The researchers involved argue that the new 8. (finding) reveal many theories put forward by climate scientists9. (explain) the rise in temperatures, including changes in solar activity. The current period of climate change is mainly down to humans, they insist. Natural causes, they say, are10. (simple) not sufficient to explain the warming scene over the last century and a half.
Wayne, 28, faced a long trip. He had to_____________the world to be at the hospital for his wife's scheduled caesarian delivery(剖宫产).
In a_______, he flew from India to Singapore and then to Philadelphia, where matters grew _______. Storms caused a cancellation so he was_______ to stay in a hotel overnight. He_______ to fly on Thursday morning.
While sitting on the plane, they needed to_______ the engineer's regular check on the airplane. Remaining_______ on the plane for 30 minutes, everybody had to get off. After that was delay after delay.
“Because of the_______, there were not rental vehicles from the airport,” Wayne said. “I would have_______ all of it I'm afraid.”
________ , word of Wayne's trouble started________among passengers. His story reached Sharon Vickers who also had to meet a________-reaching Charleston by noon on Friday. Her vehicle was________ at the airport for she lives in the Philadelphia area. After________ herself, she said, "I’m getting to West Virginia tonight, whatever ________ , so I can give you a lift. Are you________ to join me?”
Wayne didn't________ wait to get his suitcase. They drove for the eight hours and arrived at the________ just past midnight. His 9-pound, 8-ounce boy, Cooper, was born the next morning.
“Without Sharon's help, I never would have________it,” Wayne said. “All she wanted ________was pictures of the baby.”
1.A.head for B.get around C.drive along D.march into
2.A.mess B.hurry C.way D.week
3.A.compulsory B.complex C.practical D.strange
4.A.scheduled B.encouraged C.reminded D.forced
5.A.afforded B.intended C.offered D.promised
6.A.experience B.observe C.confirm D.finish
7.A.seated B.frightened C.unnoticed D.relaxed
8.A.roads B.prices C.storms D.crowds
9.A.arranged B.avoided C.missed D.rewarded
10.A.Fortunately B.Merely C.Normally D.Particularly
11.A.disturbing B.working C.appearing D.circulating
12.A.criterion B.deadline C.trouble D.chance
13.A.parked B.exchanged C.evaluated D.discovered
14.A.introducing B.describing C.comforting D.expressing
15.A.payment B.program C.support D.difficulty
16.A.cautious B.suitable C.content D.willing
17.A.still B.even C.ever D.yet
18.A.office B.hospital C.car D.airport
19.A.made B.seen C.driven D.proved
20.A.in nature B.in person C.in secret D.in return
Chuck was in my high-school English class.1.So, when he told me he had been accepted into the journalism program at the University of Missouri, I wasn’t surprised.
During the first year at college, Chuck stopped by school a few times. We talked about our work together several years before. We had raised money together for twenty-three sick and abandoned babies.2.. It was an activity that in some ways changed our formal relationship into a friendship.
In his second year in college, it was discovered that Chuck had lung cancer and had only a short while to live. So he left school and came home to be near to his loved ones.
About six weeks later, Chuck died.3.The youngest of nine children, Chuck was talented and full of promise. More importantly, he was a good person, a just man.
When I went to his funeral, his father asked to speak with me. He told me that before Chuck’s death, he chose six items to bury with him.4.He told me that Chuck had always kept the piece because he liked the message I had written to him at the bottom of the last page. In that little note, I affirmed his talent as a writer and I encouraged him to be responsible for the gift.
5.His taking my note with him forever offered me a great opportunity for influencing students’ lives. I felt inspired with a sense of purpose that was greater than ever: teachers have the power to affect hearts and minds for a long time.
A. It was a great loss for everyone, especially for his family.
B. Chuck helped to raise several thousand dollars.
C. Whenever I forget my purpose, I think of Chuck.
D. He was a writer of great promise.
E. My spirits were lifted up as Chuck was filled with the joy of life.
F. One of them was an essay he had written in my class some years before.
G. I was touched and grateful to Chuck who gave me a special gift that would change my life.
Panic Buying
Shoppers around the world are crazy buying because of fears over the coronavirus(新型冠状病毒), which caused a critical plague in China and even other countries at the beginning of 2020. People in countries such as England, Japan, Singapore and Australia have been emptying supermarket shelves of toilet paper, face masks, hand wash products and dried and canned food. Photos and videos of shoppers in Australia quarreling over the last pack of toilet roll in a supermarket have spread across social media swiftly.
However, governments have advised their citizens that there is no need to “panic buy”. They added that panic buying would only reduce the supply of products needed by patients and medical staff, which could exacerbate the problems the COVID-19 virus is causing. Singapore's prime minister comforted Singaporeans that: “We have enough supplies. There's no need to stock up.” A week after the panic buying fever, things have calmed down and shoppers have gone back to purchasing items in normal quantities.
Psychologists say panic buying is an “unwise” behaviour that is part of a condition called FOMO - the fear of missing out. Dr. Katharina Wittgens said a herd mentality(从众心理) sets in during disasters that causes people to copy the actions of others. People watch the news of items being bought in quantity and immediately rush out to the stores to do the same. She said people were taking on too much the risks of dying from the coronavirus. She said: “Far more people die in car accidents or household accidents per year but we don't panic about these things in the morning before we go to work.”
1.What made shoppers in different countries crazy buying?
A.The approach of 2020 New Year’s Day.
B.The shortage of resources and supplies in their nations.
C.Their concern about the virus.
D.The discount from supermarkets.
2.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.solve B.release C.worsen D.quicken
3.What is the reason for this behavior according to expert?
A.People tend to follow others’ actions in the period of disaster.
B.People are wiser in making decisions.
C.People think no one needs the supplies.
D.People do not believe what others said.
4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A.People should not panic over the virus.
B.More people die from car accidents.
C.People buy little when they go to the stores.
D.We should panic about the situation.
Rivers are the veins of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed to support the planet’s ecosystems, including human life. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.
Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) for millions of years.
As carbon travels down a river, different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way, which causes more warming.
Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.
1.Where is the carbon in rivers originally from?
A.The atmosphere. B.The rocks.
C.The acid rain. D.The upstream areas.
2.Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A.To show how important to life carbon is.
B.To explain how necessary it is to build dams.
C.To show how a natural process is interrupted.
D.To explain how humans fight global warming.
3.What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?
A.We’d better move upstream to live.
B.We should protect plants along rivers.
C.We’d better seek more help from plants.
D.We should be cautious about river management.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.What Humans Do with Rivers
B.How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts
C.What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us
D.How Living Downstream Affects the Earth
We say that technology is a double-edged sword -while it brings convenience, it also brings new problems. The sword of “social media” even has a gender preference in its damage: It cuts deeper into girls than boys.
Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers’ mental health. Constantly watching their friends show off “perfect” lives can hurt their own self-esteem (自尊). That’s not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying (霸凌).
Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide (自杀) - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.
For starters, girls use social media more than boys. Boys tend to spend their screen time on games, where they talk to their teammates through headphones. This counts as real human contact. Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated (孤立的) experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.
And when it comes to online shaming, girls are also more vulnerable than boys. “Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated (加重) by social media,” wrote Twenge.
Shannon McLaughlin, for example, is an 18-year-old from Blackburn College in the US. She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed. “I was constantly confronted (面对) by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked. This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture,” she said. But McLaughlin found a solution. She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service, where she made face-to-face contact with people. “It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.
1.What did Twenge find in her recent study?
A.Overuse of social media harms teenagers’ mental health.
B.Social media does more harm to girls than boys.
C.Girls suffered more from bullying than boys.
D.Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers’ depression.
2.Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online, according to Mary Fristad?
A.Girls have less real-time interaction with people.
B.Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls.
C.Girls suffer more pressure on social media.
D.Girls usually desire more contact with others.
3.The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A.adjusting oneself well B.fighting back bravely
C.being unconcerned about something D.being likely to be at risk of something
4.What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do?
A.Ignore social media and stop following a diet.
B.Connect more with the real world.
C.Constantly take part in volunteer work.
D.Make better use of phones for socializing.
