How sharks navigate the vast and seemingly featureless ocean has long been a mystery. Now there's evidence they may follow their noses. Sharks rely on their sense of smell to help chart a path through the ever-shifting waters of the deep seas, according to a new study. Scientists have supposed that the animals navigate by monitoring smell clues or the Earth's magnetic field, but no one knew for sure.
In new experiments near San Diego, scientists ferried wild leopard sharks about 6 miles(10 kilometers)away from their preferred habitats, fitted them with tracking devices, and stuffed some of the animals' noses with cotton balls. Just 30 minutes after being released facing the wrong way, sharks with full use of their smells made a corrective U-turn and then headed straight back to shore, "says study leader Andrew Nosal, a researcher at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, California. Sharks with stuffed noses, meanwhile, "appeared lost, "wandering aimlessly and
swimming more slowly than those that could smell freely.
To test sharks' sense of direction, Nosal and colleagues captured several dozen leopard sharks, a small species found along the coast from Washington State to northern Mexico.
After blocking some of the animals' noses, the scientists then took the animals on a cruise to deeper waters before slipping them, safe and unharmed, back into the sea. Even the sharks with plugged noses made it partway back to shore before their tracking devices fell off. But those with unplugged noses "took very straight paths" toward home. Nosal supposes the sharks likely sniffed out chemical molecules found in higher and higher doses nearer to land.
Other scientists, however, remain unconvinced. Maybe the animals with plugged noses "were confused by the fact that they had something stuffed in their nose," says Kim Holland, a marine biologist at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. It's also unlikely the animals were following a smell that grew stronger closer to land, adds Jayne Gardiner, a sensory biologist at the New College of Florida. Animals that couldn't smell a thing still turned toward the beach, which "suggests something else is really guiding them," she says.
Study leader Nosal responds that sharks with cotton-stuffed nose willingly eat, suggesting that a congested nose doesn't upset them much. He agrees that sharks use a variety of markers to find their way, "but the point is that smell participates in navigation, "he says. "Our study was only the first step in solving this mystery. "
1.This passage is mainly about ________.
A.why sharks have a good sense of smell B.why sharks are clever animals
C.how scientists do the experiment D.how sharks find their way in the vast ocean
2.Which is true about the experiments done by the scientists according to the passage?
A.Scientists plugged sharks' noses to test whether they navigate through their sense of smell.
B.Scientists chose sharks' preferred habitats in order to track the animals easily.
C.After being taken to deeper waters, sharks with plugged noses couldn't make it to the shore.
D.The sharks in the experiments aren't willing to eat due to the plugged noses.
3.We can infer from the passage that________.
A.there are various markers for sharks to find their way and eyes play an important role in it
B.some scientists hold different opinions from the findings of the new study
C.the new study has completely solved the mystery of sharks' easy navigation in the vast ocean
D.the sharks likely sniffed out chemical molecules found in higher doses nearer to land
4.What's the purpose of writing this passage?
A.To call on people to protect the sharks.
B.To present different theories on the mystery of the sharks.
C.To let people learn more about the sharks.
D.To inform the readers of the findings of a new study on shark.
A hospital has been forced to ban Pokemon Go players from the site after a monster hub (妖怪枢纽站) was found in the A&E department. Royal Stoke University Hospital discovered that its casualty unit(急诊室) is on the same spot as a Pokemon Go ‘gym’ —— where players can train their newly caught Nintendo creatures.
The University Hospitals of North Midlands Trust agreed last week that patients can play Pokemon Go on wards because walking around is healthy. But the Trust has been forced to post a warning on its website about public access to A&E. It said if Pokemon Go becomes a major annoyance it would ask Nintendo—— which decides on the locations of the virtual gyms according using GPS——to have it removed from the premises(道馆).
Kevin Parker, associate chief nurse, said, “Members of the public who do not need to be at Royal Stoke should not attempt to enter A&E or any other part of the hospital building to play the game. The A&E department is incredibly busy this summer. We want the public to understand that anybody who visits the hospital solely to play the game will provide an unwanted distraction to the important work of the hospital. I’m also aware of various reports in the media of unsafe areas that the game has been played in.”
“Royal Stoke University Hospital is a safe area where gamers can enjoy Pokemon Go.” Michelle Harris, the Trust’s manager, said the game could still be played by those already in hospital. “We recognize that the Pokemon Go game encourages walking and exercise, which is something that the Trust is equally keen to promote,” she said.
There are a number of “walking routes” established throughout the Trust that can be used to combine walking and playing the game. “Walking just 30 minutes, five times a week, can help reduce the risk of preventable illnesses such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.”
There have been several warnings about the game since its UK release. Last week a group of teenagers in Wiltshire were left stranded almost 100ft underground after they got carried away searching for Pokemon Go characters. The four boys, aged 16 and 17, ended up getting lost and had to wait to get a phone signal before they could call for help. Eventually, they contacted Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue team, who took them to safety. Damien Bence, of the fire and rescue team, said: “Pokemon Go is obviously leading people into dangerous situations.”
1.It seems that Pokemon Go is a game______.
A.encouraging players to walk and exercise instead of staying indoors
B.helping cure such diseases as obesity, diabetes and heart disease
C.designed to help patients in hospital recover sooner
D.warning teenagers of the places easy to get lost or attacked
2.The A&E department is incredibly busy because________.
A.more patients’ arrival increases the workload of the A&E department
B.doctors’ playing the game makes the A&E department less efficient
C.players’ injury increases the workload of the A&E department
D.players’ arrival disturbs the work of the A&E department
3.The passage is mainly about________.
A.the popularity of Pokemon Go since its UK release
B.the applications of Pokemon Go in hospitals since its UK release
C.the negative effects of Pokemon Go since its UK release
D.the establishment of Pokemon Go virtual gyms since its UK release
INTRODUCTION The Omron HEM-780 IntelliSenseTM Automatic Blood Pressure Monitor quickly measures your blood pressure and your measurement reading can be clearly displayed on a large digital panel. |
KNOW YOUR UNIT
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IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTES * Do not use a cell phone near the unit, which may result in operational failure. * Changes or modifications not approved by Omron Healthcare will declare the user warranty invalid. Do not disassemble or attempt to repair the unit or components. |
SUGGESTIONS BEFORE TAKING 1. Avoid eating, smoking, and exercising for 30 minutes before taking a measurement. Rest for at least 15 minutes before taking the measurement. 2. Stress raises blood pressure. Avoid taking measurements during stressful times. 3. Rest your left arm on a table so that the cuff is at the same level as your heart. 4. Wait 2-3 minutes between measurements. The wait time allows the arteries (动脉) to return to the condition prior to taking the blood pressure measurement. |
WARRANTY INFORMATION Your HEM-780 IntelliSenseTM Automatic Blood Pressure Monitor is guaranteed to be free from faults in materials and workmanship appearing within 5 years, when used in accordance with the instructions provided with the monitor. The above warranties extend only to the original retail purchaser. To obtain warranty service, ship the monitor and all of the components, together with proof of purchase and a note explaining the problem with $5.00 for return shipping and insurance to: Omron Healthcare, Inc. Attn: Repair Department 300 Lakeview Parkway Vernon Hills, IL 60061 |
1.Your measure reading might be inaccurate, if ________.
a. you have just finished your meal
b. you have just cycled home from work
c. your child is using the cell phone in the next room
d. your wife has just finished measuring her blood pressure
e. you have just been scolded by your boss because of the delayed work
A. a b c B. a b e C. b c e D. c d e
2.Which of the following monitors is under warranty?
A. The monitor that was bought six years ago.
B. The monitor that goes wrong due to false use.
C. The monitor whose purchase proof is missing.
D. The monitor whose system broke down when first used.
For many years my parents subscribed to “Reader’s Digest”. Usually I enjoyed reading each issue(期) as much as they did. The _______ in the magazine I liked most was “The Best Advice I Ever Had.”
Even today, one of those best advice stories sticks with me and _______ a great lesson. Writing about his _______. Harry Fosdick—longtime beloved minister of Riverside Church in New York City— _______ a morning when his father was leaving the house. He _______ to Harry’s mother and said “Tell Harry he can cut the grass today, _______ he feels like it.” Then after a few steps the father turned back and _______ a meaningful suggestion: “Tell Harry he had better feel like it.” The reason why I treasure Fosdick’s father’s instruction is that many of us know what we have to do in our _______ tasks —we are told what to do, while the major _______ is that in many cases we delay action until we feel like it.
So think of the ________ that Harry’s father tells him that he “had better feel like it” when we must do the ________ things. Already, I am confident you could add a dozen similar ________ tasks and responsibilities to this list—possibly two dozen. If you ________ until you feel like doing them, tasks will become more difficult. Getting back to young Harry’s task, I can ________ that a small boy pushing the mower(割草机) with great effort back and forth, around flowers and bushes on this ________ day, wiping the sweat from his face until he got the job ________. Let’s be aware that this was one of those long ago mowers, ________ a motor, appropriately called “push mowers.” So the task is ________. Harry got the demanding job finished, because he knew that he “had better feel like it.”
________ you are to finish your task or do your work, you’ll have to feel like it. After you ________ feel like it you’ll surprisingly find it isn’t difficult to finish.
1.A.article B.comment C.picture D.advertisement
2.A.shows B.includes C.implies D.remains
3.A.boyhood B.job C.life D.joke
4.A.spent B.considered C.remembered D.learned
5.A.returned B.moved C.wrote D.turned
6.A.because B.if C.though D.since
7.A.mentioned B.understood C.added D.explained
8.A.given B.daily C.next D.favorite
9.A.fact B.condition C.concern D.problem
10.A.result B.way C.advice D.reason
11.A.unpleasant B.awesome C.aggressive D.supreme
12.A.strange B.annoying C.particular D.easy
13.A.wait B.change C.stick D.resist
14.A.believe B.expect C.imagine D.suppose
15.A.freezing B.hot C.comfortable D.starry
16.A.started B.done C.paid D.offered
17.A.without B.through C.with D.for
18.A.funny B.different C.interesting D.rough
19.A.After B.But C.When D.Unless
20.A.mainly B.really C.naturally D.hardly
—I couldn’t tell Jack from his twin brother.
—Me too, and there is no obvious________between them.
A.contribution B.distinction C.promotion D.expression
Drivers must strictly_______the speed limit when driving on the freeways to keep away from any possible accidents.
A.grasp B.represent C.observe D.reduce
