假如你是李华,你的英国朋友Terry一直关注你所在城市的新冠状肺炎（COVID-...

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Beijing Hutong

The real culture of Beijing 1.(lie) in the culture of Hutong and Siheyuan (courtyards). How true it is! They have special appeal2. tourists at home and abroad.

Hutong is the name3. (give) to a narrow lane or small street between rows of courtyards, where Beijingers lived in the past. When4. (view) from the air, one can see that lanes are like a chessboard with delicate gardens, fine rockeries and ancient ruins which make them a wonder in the world.

Once one enters any of the lanes, one can feel the deep and warm relationships among people, 5. is rarely found in this modern world. On account of the lanes, every house is connected to the other, allowing the local people 6.(keep) in touch with their neighbors.

In the lanes one can experience the life of the 7.(local). The public bathrooms and toilets can 8.(find). Shops sell all kinds of goods that satisfy the local people's daily needs.

Gossiping in these lanes is a common scene as it is the main way for people to 9.(strength) their relationship.Where there is such a lane, there is a story.

If one wants to explore the culture and experience Beijing Hutong food and Hutong shopping, a Hutong tour is 10. must-see.

    These days, teenagers often have their noses buried in a cellphone or other electronic devices. They are often so ______ with what’s happening on social media that they often ______ what’s going on around them.

But you ______ can’t say that about this 17-year-old. Seeing ______ the teen helped an elderly woman who was ______ at the Dollar General just restored my  ______ in our youth!

17-year-old Senquavlous Driver joined his ______, Connie, for a trip to the Dollar General. They’d put down their shopping and were starting to pull out when Senquavious noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her ______. She succeeded but was having trouble walking. Senquavious wasted no time coming to the ______!

The teen jumped out of his aunt’s car without hesitation. He helped the elderly woman to the sidewalk and ______ with her into the store. She was there to get soda, but could hardly walk. The woman explained that she’d recently ______, hurting her back and face. So, Senquavious stayed with her the whole time, helping her get her shopping done, and then saw her back to her car.

His aunt watched on, ______ by her nephew’s compassion. She pulled out her cellphone and took some photos. “I was in ______ taking pictures because he didn’t hesitate to help her, and that made me happy,” she said.

Connie proudly ______ the photos of her nephew’s act of ______ on Facebook, saying, “I hope he continues to do great things in his life. ”

1.A.concerned B.associated C.satisfied D.pleased

2.A.remind B.review C.ignore D.notice

3.A.generally B.actually C.basically D.certainly

4.A.why B.how C.when D.if

5.A.moving B.complaining C.struggling D.driving

6.A.interest B.faith C.respect D.delight

7.A.aunt B.mother C.teacher D.grandma

8.A.car B.store C.home D.sidewalk

9.A.conclusion B.rescue C.end D.point

10.A.dealt B.stopped C.continued D.began

11.A.driven B.walked C.played D.fallen

12.A.amazed B.inspired C.attracted D.touched

13.A.sweat B.tears C.relief D.silence

14.A.chose B.remembered C.shared D.described

15.A.bravery B.kindness C.sympathy D.gratitude

    Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID -19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing – the NCP’s symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but it’s potentially more dangerous.

Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. 1. How can they cause so much trouble?

Viruses are non-living organisms approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.

Viruses can infect every living thing – from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. 2. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections bring about no noticeable reaction.

Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 3. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system.

But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 4. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult,” Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses don’t leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they’ve invaded.”

However, there are three main theories to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.

5. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.

A.But what are viruses?

B.For the time being, these are only theories.

C.Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.

D.The answer may be even less satisfactory than it now appears.

E.Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.

F.Experts are concerned about the bad effect that it had on people’s health.

G.For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life.

    On the summer of 1995, a second-year graduate student named Sergey Brin was giving a tour of Stanford University to prospective students. Larry Page, an engineering graduate from the University of Michigan, was one of those being shown around the campus.

“We both found each other obnoxious and annoying with strong opinions about things,” said Brin. “But we said it a little bit jokingly. Obviously, we spent a lot of time talking to each other, so there was something there.”

The technology of the web at the time meant that people could tell where a webpage linked to just by reading its code. However, to get a complete list of every page to which it linked, they needed to check every other website on the Internet.

Page’s “BackRub” project aimed to qualify these backlinks (反向链接). It was a complex task that not only demanded vast computing resources, but also required extremely complex mathematics, which was where the math genius Brin came in.

Later, Page and Brin came up with the PageRank algorithm - a ranking system which would prove to be a breakthrough idea. And then, BackRub became Google, a play on the term “googol,” meaning “10100.” The system successfully enabled users to search all 24 million pages stored in its database.

On September 15, 1997, Google.com was registered. In August 1998, it got its first funding in the form of a check for $100,000 written by Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems, to “Google Inc.” But still there were troubles. Later that month, Page and Brin moved into the garage (车库) of friend Susan Wojcicki (now the CEO of YouTube), and received further investment from Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, among others.

Early in 1999, Page and Brin attempted to sell Google to Excite, at the time the No. 2 search engine behind Yahoo, for one million dollars. However, even after the pair had been talked down to $750,000, Excite CEO George Bell rejected them. With no buyer in sight, Google started hiring engineers and moved to an office in California in March 1999. In 2001, Eric Schmidt was hired first as chairman and then CEO, leaving Page and Brin to continue developing Google’s products and technologies respectively. By the end of its first decade, Google had effectively won the search engine wars.

1.According to the article, what can we learn about Larry Page and Sergey Brin?

A.They first met each other when studying at Stanford.

B.They found their first encounter rather unpleasant.

C.They had no intention of running a business initially.

D.They got financial support from Stanford to work on the ranking system.

2.Paragraphs 4 to 5 mainly talk about ______.

A.what motivated Page to launch the “BackRub” project

B.how the “BackRub” project led to the founding of Google

C.how the PageRank algorithm worked

D.how Brin joined Page in carrying out the “BackRub” project

3.According to the article, who did NOT make an investment in Google?

①Andy Bechtolsheim.     

②Susan Wojcicki.

③Jeff Bezos.               

④George Bell.

A.①② B.①③

C.③④ D.②④

4.What may be the best title for the passage?

A.The Internet: how it changed the world

B.Giant Google: how it beat Excite and Yahoo

C.Excite: CEO regretted for refusing the best offer

D.Google at 20: how two students changed the Internet

    We say that technology is a double-edged sword -while it brings convenience, it also brings new problems. The sword of “social media” even has a gender preference in its damage: It cuts deeper into girls than boys.

Earlier studies have shown that spending too much time on social media is bad for teenagers’ mental health. Constantly watching their friends show off “perfect” lives can hurt their own self-esteem (自尊). That’s not to mention the problems caused by online shaming and bullying (霸凌).

Jean Twenge, a professor at San Diego State University in the US, recently discovered an alarming trend: Since 2010, the number of teenage girls who suffer from major depression – showing signs like self-harm and suicide (自杀) - has increased much faster than that of boys. In an article she wrote at The Conversation, Twenge said social media, again, was to blame.

For starters, girls use social media more than boys. Boys tend to spend their screen time on games, where they talk to their teammates through headphones. This counts as real human contact. Girls, however, simply type and browse through posts, which is a much more isolated (孤立的) experience. “They’re not having a real-time conversation with someone,” Mary Fristad, psychologist at The Ohio State University, told NPR.

And when it comes to online shaming, girls are also more vulnerable than boys. “Girls face more pressure about their appearance, which could be exacerbated (加重) by social media,” wrote Twenge.

Shannon McLaughlin, for example, is an 18-year-old from Blackburn College in the US. She shared with the Guardian how social media made her feel depressed. “I was constantly confronted (面对) by women with skinny bodies who were praised for the way they looked. This was only made worse by the diet fixes and skinny culture,” she said. But McLaughlin found a solution. She started volunteering with the National Citizen Service, where she made face-to-face contact with people. “It’s so easy to forget the importance of real connections when we have hundreds of people that we’re trying to impress at our fingertips,” she told the Guardian. And she hopes that others “look up from their phones and focus more on the world around them”.

1.What did Twenge find in her recent study?

A.Overuse of social media harms teenagers’ mental health.

B.Social media does more harm to girls than boys.

C.Girls suffered more from bullying than boys.

D.Online shaming and bullying are to blame for teenagers’ depression.

2.Why do girls tend to feel more isolated than boys online, according to Mary Fristad?

A.Girls have less real-time interaction with people.

B.Playing games allows boys to have more fun than girls.

C.Girls suffer more pressure on social media.

D.Girls usually desire more contact with others.

3.The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“         ”.

A.adjusting oneself well B.fighting back bravely

C.being unconcerned about something D.being likely to be at risk of something

4.What does McLaughlin advise teenage girls to do?

A.Ignore social media and stop following a diet.

B.Connect more with the real world.

C.Constantly take part in volunteer work.

D.Make better use of phones for socializing.