Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, 1.(say) nothing of preparing us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree 2.(come) in the future. Yet we have an annual vaccine, and everyone 3.(qualify) should get it without question. The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much 4.(effective) flu vaccine.
In the U. S alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved 5. and our communities.
Why not? We haven’t been hit by 6. truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quickly defund and destroy the services we need to protect us.
The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S. health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.
The cost of preventing epidemics is roughly a tenth of 7. it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment 8. the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded.
The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. 9. headlines about the flu are gone, hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual.
Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today 10. be a matter of life and death for you and those you love.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories — but not for everyone
As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten teens in the US smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. 1..
Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.
The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoking. Then, smokers were cool.
Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.
The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. 2.. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning eighteen. 3..The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of$2. 42 on every pack -three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.
New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke, far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low(60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York's, Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records
Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor.4.. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.
Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3, 000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won
A.The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful
B.Smoking is believed to kill an estimated one million people through tobacco related diseases across the world each year.
C.True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking, far worse than a tax.
D.But some states—Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama to name Just a few—seem to have missed message that smoking is deadly.
E.The government has tried to curb smoking by imposing bans on smoking groups in taxis, schools and hospitals
F.But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes.
Escaping predators (食肉动物), digestion and other animal activities—including those of humans—require oxygen. But that essential ingredient is no longer so easy for marine life to obtain, several new studies reveal.
In the past decade ocean oxygen levels have taken a dive—an alarming trend that is linked to climate change, says Andreas Oschlies, an oceanographer at the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research in Germany, whose team tracks ocean oxygen levels worldwide. “We were surprised by the intensity of the changes we saw, how rapidly oxygen is going down in the ocean and how large the effects on marine ecosystems are,” he says. It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (热带的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally.
A warming ocean loses oxygen for two reasons: First, the warmer a liquid becomes, the less gas it can hold. That is why carbonated drinks go flat faster when left in the sun. Second, as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth.
Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into food-scarce regions. Climate change already poses serious problems for marine life, such as ocean acidification, but deoxygenation is the most pressing issue facing sea animals today, Oschlies says. After all, he says, “they all have to breathe.”
Aside from food web problems, animals face various other physiological challenges as their bodies adjust to lower oxygen levels. Chinese shrimp (虾) move their tails less vigorously to preserve energy in lower oxygen environments. Some creatures, such as jellyfishes, are more tolerant of low oxygen than others are. But all animals will feel the impact of deoxygenation because they all have evolved their oxygen capacity for a reason, says Oschlies. “Any drop in oxygen is going to damage survivability and performance,” he says.
1.According to the first two paragraphs, what worries scientists the most?
A. The worsening deoxygenation in the warming ocean.
B. The survival of predators and various marine animals.
C. The alarmingly changeable oxygen levels in the ocean.
D. The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.
2.Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean?
A. Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.
B. Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.
C. The surface polar ice water prevents oxygen going down.
D. Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals’ natural territories.
B. Ocean acidification is more serious a problem than deoxygenation.
C. Not all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.
D. Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.
4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. The Oxygen Levels of Marine Life B. Ocean Warming Affects Food Web
C. The Survivability of Ocean Animals D. The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath
How to place an order of Custom Jeans
Select the Fabric&Styles
→Fabric(布料)--Select the Fabric from our large collection of Denim Fabric Samples.
→Special Wash--Select your favorite special wash treatment to make your jeans look stylish.
→Thread Color--Select the thread color you want. You can select secondary thread color also, which can be used at certain stitches. Also, you can specify where you want to use the secondary thread.
→Pocket Style--Select the front&back pocket style. If you want your own styled front&back pocket, select my own design& send us the photo of the pocket style you want. If you are going with default (默认)pocket style, we will make your jeans with basic 5-pocket pattern,which is universal style for jeans in all countries in the world.
→Fly Style--Select the fly style you want, the Zip Fly or the Button Fly.
Measurements
Select one option from "Make My Jeans"&"Copy A Jeans"
→Make My Jeans-- First Select fitting type according to what type of fitting you want for your jeans.
Give your exact body measurements as described &shown in the photos. We will leave extra loosing as described in “Fitting Guide Table”. so offer to table first&then decide your fitting type.
→Copy A Jeans-- If you already have a perfect jeans and you like it the most, then you can send
us all the measurements to us by following the instructions in "Copy A Jeans" section. We will make the perfect copy of your favorite jeans. Please note we can copy only the measurements, not the fabric and accessories.
The measurements written in the measurements box by you will be the final measurements for your order processing. To change or modify it, contact us by E-mail or by phone and we will inform you about your order status and we will tell you what modification we are able to do at that stage.
Confirm Your Order
By pressing PROCEED tab, you will be redirected to "Confirm Order" page. On this page, you will see all the details you selected during order, you can again modify order by clicking edit tab.
After confirming your order, press PROCEED tab.
Make Payments
You can make payments in different ways. We provide PayPal (direct pay by PayPal&by your credit card), net-banking, cheque or cash deposit and send a demand draft options.
Delivery
After confirmation of your payment, we will start the jeans-making process for you, and we will deliver your jeans within 30 days. After dispatching from here, it will take 3-5 days to deliver in India and 6-9 days to deliver out of India.
Enjoy Wearing SQ Jeans TM.
The SQ Jean s TM come ready to wear&pre-shrunk. Wear it&enjoy.
How to place an order of Custom Jeans
Select the Fabric&Styles
→Fabric(布料)--Select the Fabric from our large collection of Denim Fabric Samples.
→Special Wash--Select your favorite special wash treatment to make your jeans look stylish.
→Thread Color--Select the thread color you want. You can select secondary thread color also, which can be used at certain stitches. Also, you can specify where you want to use the secondary thread.
→Pocket Style--Select the front&back pocket style. If you want your own styled front&back pocket, select my own design& send us the photo of the pocket style you want. If you are going with default (默认)pocket style, we will make your jeans with basic 5-pocket pattern,which is universal style for jeans in all countries in the world.
→Fly Style--Select the fly style you want, the Zip Fly or the Button Fly.
Measurements
Select one option from "Make My Jeans"&"Copy A Jeans"
→Make My Jeans-- First Select fitting type according to what type of fitting you want for your jeans.
Give your exact body measurements as described &shown in the photos. We will leave extra loosing as described in “Fitting Guide Table”. so offer to table first&then decide your fitting type.
→Copy A Jeans-- If you already have a perfect jeans and you like it the most, then you can send
us all the measurements to us by following the instructions in "Copy A Jeans" section. We will make the perfect copy of your favorite jeans. Please note we can copy only the measurements, not the fabric and accessories.
The measurements written in the measurements box by you will be the final measurements for your order processing. To change or modify it, contact us by E-mail or by phone and we will inform you about your order status and we will tell you what modification we are able to do at that stage.
Confirm Your Order
By pressing PROCEED tab, you will be redirected to "Confirm Order" page. On this page, you will see all the details you selected during order, you can again modify order by clicking edit tab.
After confirming your order, press PROCEED tab.
Make Payments
You can make payments in different ways. We provide PayPal (direct pay by PayPal&by your credit card), net-banking, cheque or cash deposit and send a demand draft options.
Delivery
After confirmation of your payment, we will start the jeans-making process for you, and we will deliver your jeans within 30 days. After dispatching from here, it will take 3-5 days to deliver in India and 6-9 days to deliver out of India.
Enjoy Wearing SQ Jeans TM.
The SQ Jean s TM come ready to wear&pre-shrunk. Wear it&enjoy.
1.In Fabric &Styles, which item leaves you with the latest personal choice?
A. Fabric B. Fly Style
C. Pocket Style D. Thread Color
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is True?
A. The tailor will meet all the requirements on your jeans on condition that you state every detail clearly in your order.
B. If the order with wrong measurements has already been processed, nothing can be done to fix the situation.
C. Before payment. you'd better check your order in detail and can still make modifications if necessary.
D. You will have to wash your jeans upon receipt, because they don't fit perfectly until they shrink a little after washing.
3.If you place an overseas order with full payments by PayPal on October 12, you will receive your jeans no later than______.
A. Oct. 21 B. Oct. 26
C. Nov.16 D. Nov.20
For some people,music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes(音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.
As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret,a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn't involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can't see. certain colors.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say,” No thanks, I'm amusic,'“says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”
1.Which of the following is true of amusic?
A.Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.
B.They love places where they are likely to hear music.
C.They can easily tell two different songs apart.
D.Their situation is well understood by musicians.
2.According to Paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ___________.
A.dislikes listening to speeches
B.can hear anything nonmusical
C.has a hearing problem
D.lacks a complex hearing system
3.In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.
A.her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier
B.she were seventeen years old rather than seventy
C.her problem could be easily explained
D.she were able to meet other amusics
4.What is the passage mainly concerned with?
A.Amusics' strange behaviours.
B.Some people's inability to enjoy music.
C.Musical talent and brain structure.
D.Identification and treatment of amusics.
The Last Robot-Proof Job in America?
You can get most food, such as warm cookies or vodka, to your doorstep in minutes. But try getting a red snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if you could obtain it, it would likely have been pre-frozen and shipped in from overseas.
A new tech startup is aiming to ____________this situation. Based inside the Fulton Fish Market, a seafood wholesale market, the startup, called FultonFishMarket.com, allows customers across the whole country, both restaurants and individuals, to buy from the market. The fish is shipped ____________, rather than frozen, thanks to an Amazon advanced logistics system. Mike Spindler, the company’s C.E.O., said recently, “I can get a fish to Warren Buffett, that’s as fresh as if he’d walked down to the pier (码头) and bought it that morning.”
There is one thing, ____________, that the sophisticated logistics system cannot do: pick out a fish. If Warren Buffett orders a red snapper, the company needs to ____________ that his fish is actually red snapper, and not some other. According to the ocean-conservation organization, more than 20% of the seafood in restaurants and grocery stores in America is ___________. For this task, the company has employed Robert DiGregorio, a forty-seven-year veteran of the business, who possesses a blend of judgement and ___________ knowledge that, so far, computers have yet to replicate.
“___________ the food-safety stuff, our business could be any market from the last three thousand years of human history,” Spindler told me. He is experienced in the ___________ business. When he arrived at the fish market in 2014, people were cautious. “They thought selling fish on the Internet was___________.” DiGregorio said, speaking for the fishmongers(鱼贩). “They didn’t see how it could possibly work.” Five years ago, DeGregorio didn’t know how to use a computer, but when the Web-site people arrived at the market, he sensed an opportunity. Together, they’ve created a human-machine fish-buying operation.
By 1 a.m. each night, the company collects __________ from around the country and sends them to DiGregorio. He heads into the market, carrying his tablet computer. The company’s algorithms（算法） ___________ data on their sources and can tell DiGregorio, for example, which stall to go to get the best tuna (金枪鱼). The computer is a “learning system,”, so if DiGregorio makes a choice it didn’t ___________, it asks, “Was the fish not available? Was it damaged?” All that information is fed back in for next time.
Then, what can a fishmonger see that a computer can’t? DeGregorio showed me his part of the ___________ process. “I’m assessing a few things,” he said. First, ___________. Fish should have “nice” slime(粘液). Then, smell. He sniffed the air above the box. “when fish goes bad, it smells like ammonia.” Besides, to get the best stuff, “Fishmongers have to have a relationship with you. To trust you.” He added.
Is he ever __________being replaced by the learning system of computers? DiGregorio shrugged. “By the time they invent a computer that can do what I can do,” he said, “I’ll be dead.”
1.A.maintain B.remedy C.substitute D.recognize
2.A.free B.overseas C.separate D.fresh
3.A.therefore B.otherwise C.however D.thus
4.A.ensure B.propose C.concede D.remind
5.A.overpriced B.misidentified C.displaced D.modified
6.A.computer B.cuisine C.fish D.marketing
7.A.Rather than B.Thanks to C.Except for D.Prior to
8.A.fund-raising B.online-grocery C.fish-selling D.non-profit
9.A.significant B.worthy C.responsible D.ridiculous
10.A.sales B.orders C.alternatives D.statistics
11.A.analyze B.supply C.prioritize D.feed
12.A.require B.process C.predict D.value
13.A.calculation B.decoding C.correction D.selection
14.A.smash B.touch C.wipe D.roll
15.A.concerned about B.eager for C.delighted with D.capable of
