阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments. Its function varies widely1. (depend) on the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place 2. people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize. It 3. (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people’s leisure life.
Chinese teahouses enjoy a long-standing history. They developed from tea stands in the Western Jin Dynasty,4. (take) shape in the Tang Dynasty, developed gradually in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and became booming in modern times.
In the Song Dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages, at a rate comparable with 5. of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses 6. paintings of celebrities and rare and precious plants 7. (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, 8. number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more popularity and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation of Western culture forces traditional Chinese teahouses to take on a new look. After reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the economy and 9. (evidence) improvement of people’s living 10. (standard), teahouses flowered in China.
The structure in organizations has changed. It has transformed from a boss to a leader being at the top and from method directing to cooperation, ______ how many of us have actually made this ______ within ourselves?
Let’s not get personal about any person or connect this to any ______ organization. Consider the ______ pattern on a social media website such as LinkedIn. We often see good articles written by junior-level employee’s which______ new enthusiasm and new perspectives, but how many senior-level ______ go and “Like” the article? Not______ read it, but actually “Like” it. More often than not, the answer is none. Leaders read such articles, but they______ to press the “Like” button due to some fear!
A friend of mine, who holds the ______ of Director of Human Resources in a reputed organization, happen to mention an article that his team member had written. I casually enquired ______ the absence of a “Like” or comment from him. His answer really ______ me! He said, “You know what my ______ is? I cannot be commenting or liking his article in public!” Amazed by this behavior, I did my research on this pattern on a few social media platforms. Yes, people want to “Like” or comment on articles and photos that are published by people with a(n) ______ level and do so as well.
While we are ______ the “Like” button on a junior-level employee’s one-year anniversary, we jump to be one in a few hundreds to offer ______ on a senior-level leader’s one-year completion. However, I think our precious “Like” for the employee ______ a lot and encourages him, while, on the other hand, it is ______ many hundreds and is not ______ noticed by the leader.
Encourage new talents and ______ them. If we do not exhibit this socially, I am sure we will not ______ it in our job either.
1.A.while B.yet C.otherwise D.so
2.A.cooperation B.organization C.transformation D.method
3.A.specific B.unusual C.common D.ordinary
4.A.online B.behavioral C.personal D.popular
5.A.contain B.lack C.oppose D.promote
6.A.bosses B.employees C.readers D.leaders
7.A.thoroughly B.merely C.precisely D.roughly
8.A.hope B.regret C.stop D.hesitate
9.A.post B.faith C.name D.honor
10.A.in need of B.for lack of C.with regard to D.on account of
11.A.dissatisfied B.annoyed C.astonished D.confused
12.A.team B.level C.habit D.reputation
13.A.junior B.average C.different D.superior
14.A.skipping B.considering C.missing D.pressing
15.A.remarks B.opinions C.congratulations D.suggestions
16.A.means B.proves C.requires D.changes
17.A.buried in B.judged by C.replaced by D.intended for
18.A.still B.ever C.just D.even
19.A.observe B.demand C.motivate D.know
20.A.notice B.show C.like D.represent
Financial Education-Awareness Dilemma
When it comes to financial education, the majority of today's youth will regard it as a necessity for certain specific people who want to make their career in the financial world. 1. Actually, elementary financial education is a must for all, as money transaction is an essential part of our day-to-day life.
Suppose you have $100 in a saving account that pays simple interest at the rate of 2%per year. lf you leave the money in the account, how much will you have accumulated after 5 years: more than $102, exactly $102, or less than $102? The test might look simple, but only half of the people surveyed gave the correct answer.
2.The explanation goes as follows: People with low levels of financial literacy suffer from that lack of knowledge at every stage of their lives. Researchers on this subject say people with a high degree of financial literacy are more likely to plan for their retirement. 3.
On the contrary, people who have a lower degree of financial literacy tend to borrow more, accumulate less wealth, and pay more in fees related financial products. They are less likely to invest, more likely to experience difficulty with debt, and less likely to know the terms of their mortgages and other loans. Thus, the cost of this financial ignorance is very high. 4.
What is the solution? 5. Like reading and math, financial education must become part of the core curriculum in our schools. Likewise, parents should engage in regular, constructive conversations about money matters. This will give their kids a solid foundation for financial well-being, which will keep on giving returns throughout the course of their lives.
A.Financial education must start early.
B.However, they miss an important point.
C.Why does each of us have to face a financial challenge?
D.Why does financial literacy matter so much in our society'?
E.Rich people are generally better educated on financial management.
F.Besides, these people have more than double the wealth of people who don’t.
G.For example, they frequently make late credit card payments, overspend their credit limit, etc.
The argument that human-caused carbon emissions(排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn't back it up.
According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world's volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today's human activities.
Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”
Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth's atmosphere. SO2, which converts to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.
Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991-1993 study period.
In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above.
1.According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that .
A.their opinion is supported by science.
B.volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases.
C.human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases.
D.carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing.
2.What does the underlined word “spikes" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Sudden increases. B.Smooth trends.
C.Stable regularities. D.Sharp declines.
3.What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions?
A.They brought about global warming.
B.They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth.
C.They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above.
D.They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect.
4.The purpose of the passage is to .
A.compare the results of the studies.
B.contradict a view held by some people.
C.present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon.
D.report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon.
A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was riven by self-criticism. “I’m at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.
This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. She has a sense that hours on the field should get her exactly where she needs to go. Many students have similar mentality. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they are crushed by self-blame. If my achievements are mine to control, they reason, my failures must be entirely my fault, too.
We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.
Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mindset” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. A 2018 analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.
One possible explanation comes from Suniya Luthar, who argued in a research paper that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communities, “it is not a lack of motivation and perseverance (毅力) that is the big problem. Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” They push themselves onward in face of impossible goals. A 2007 study found that teens who refused to give up impossible goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and depression.
The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to explore how setbacks and missteps made them stronger or more effective. We would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
1.Why was star athlete trapped by self-blame?
A.She broke down during the match.
B.She didn’t try her best in the match.
C.She believed hard work should pay off.
D.She thought she should have practiced harder.
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 5?
A.Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens’ failure.
B.Praising children for effort increases academic performance.
C.Children struggle with failure due to parents’ over-protection.
D.Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress.
3.According to the author, adults should _________.
A.help students learn from failure
B.protect students from discomfort
C.reward students for their hard work
D.explore the cause of students’ failure
4.Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A.Effort equals achievement.
B.Motivation is the key to success.
C.Success is not always under control.
D.Effort is more important than ability.
I live in a second-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.
It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. It bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise, which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in moss（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of insects. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.
I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business, living side by side. Even as I write this—the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening—a white feather comes floating down by my side, probably from one of the resident pigeons.
As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such is an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures—that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.
1.The flat that author lives in is _________.
A.built in an ancient tree B.hugged by a giant tree
C.decorated with branches D.surrounded by a garden
2.In the author’s description, she implies that _________.
A.birds keep her warm company B.she has adopted the residents.
C.moss makes her flat nice and cool D.she has been bothered by the insects
3.What does the author really treasure?
A.A close-to-nature life. B.A luxurious garden.
C.A spacious house. D.A sociable neighbor.
4.Which of the following can be used to express the author’s feeling?
A.Jealous. B.Inferior.
C.Content. D.Passionate.
