The year 2018 will mark the 100h anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic (瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical record-keeping, we may never know the exact number.
The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “Their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.” The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck many young. healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.
Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world. Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines (疫苗) which offer immunity (免疫) from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.
Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu” or H1N1 outbreak in 2009. Anthony Faucal, Director of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.
To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2017, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U. S. announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2018. The Human Vaccines Project, a public-private partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, today’s seasonal flu vaccine remains important.
1.Why is influenza difficult to protect against?
A.It spreads too rapidly.
B.It is quite easy to catch.
C.No vaccine is available.
D.It's hard to judge the form of virus.
2.What does the author want to tell by mentioning H1N1 in 2009?
A.New forms of flu virus keeps appearing.
B.It was the most serious in recent years.
C.It was caused by the same flu virus of 1918.
D.The H1N1 virus was deadly as well.
3.What can we learn about the universal influenza vaccine?
A.The development is quite costly.
B.It will be used all over the world.
C.It can protect against all forms of flu.
D.It will soon come into use in 2019.
Attractions
Do you:
◆ Love the National Park, value it and hope to safeguard its future?
◆ Wish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected?
◆ Like to enjoy peaceful informal recreation within the Park?
Aims
The Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembroke shire Coast National Park for all to enjoy. We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.
Activities
We encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides.
We keep an eye on planning applications. Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes. We work with like-minded organizations such as the Campaign for National Parks to make our voice more effective.
We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools.
Benefits
◆ Guided visits to places of interest which may not always be available to the general public.
◆ All members receive our regular News and Views.
◆ Talks by experts in their fields on current issues.
◆ A discount is available on Friends items for sale.
◆ Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.
If interested, please complete the Application Form at www.fpnp.org.uk
1.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?
A.To build massive complexes for public amusement.
B.To prevent possible damages to the National Park.
C.To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.
D.To sponsor publications and projects in local school.
2.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to ________.
A.raise money for the Friends organization
B.join the Friends organization and be members of it
C.work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park
D.enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park
The opening and closing of the doors are the most significant actions of man’s life. What a _______ lies in doors!
No man knows what awaits him when he opens a door._______ the most familiar room, where the clock ticks and the hearth glows red at dusk may harbor______. The worker may actually have called and______ the leaking pipe. The cook may have been ill and demanded her passports.
There are many kinds of doors. Revolving doors for hotels, shops and public buildings. They are_____ the busy, bustling ways of modern life. Can you ______ William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens skipping through a ______ door? There are double doors, sliding doors, stage doors and glass doors. The ______ and mystery of a door lies in its quality of being hidden. A glass door is not a door at all, but a window. The meaning of a door is to ______ what lies inside; to keep the heart in suspense.
Also, there are many ways of opening doors. There is the cheery ______ of elbow with which the waiter opens the kitchen door. There is the sympathetic and awful ______ of the dentist’s maid who opens the door into the operating room and, without speaking, ______ that the doctor is ready for you.
The opening of doors has in it some flavor of the ______ , some sense of moving into a new moment. Even in ______ , the opening of a door may bring relief. But the closing of doors could be ______, A door closed brings ______ to an end. And there are degrees of sadness in the closing of doors. A door slammed is a confession of weakness. A door ______ shut may often be the most tragic gesture in life.
The opening and closing of doors is a part of the serious fluency of life. Life will not stay ______ and let us alone. We are ______ opening doors with hope, closing them with despair. Life ______ not much longer than a pipe of tobacco, and destiny knocks us out like the ashes.
1.A.mystery B.relief C.scenery D.pleasure
2.A.So B.Still C.Even D.Also
3.A.wishes B.puzzles C.surprises D.changes
4.A.checked B.fixed C.wrapped D.removed
5.A.necessary to B.different from C.consistent with D.typical of
6.A.imagine B.suggest C.catch D.notice
7.A.stage B.sliding C.glass D.revolving
8.A.symbol B.miracle C.sign D.mark
9.A.busy B.hide C.discover D.exhibit
10.A.knock B.bump C.push D.touch
11.A.silence B.noise C.voice D.peace
12.A.announce B.admits C.implies D.expects
13.A.darkness B.certainty C.possibility D.unknown
14.A.vain B.hope C.sadness D.happiness
15.A.easy B.terrible C.dull D.interesting
16.A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something
17.A.heavily B.hurriedly C.gently D.firmly
18.A.still B.calm C.silent D.simple
19.A.naturally B.continually C.obviously D.possibly
20.A.measures B.matches C.reaches D.lasts
—It is reported that the Shanghai auto show stops using models. How about yours?
—We will_______.
A.follow suit
B.sink or swim together
C.set eyes on it
D.get to the bottom of it
I find it astonishing that he ____be so rude to us. I_____ make a complaint to his company.
A.could; must B.should; shall C.shall; should D.dare; have to
Do not make complaints about being left out___you shy away from sharing your joys and sorrow with others.
A.when B.unless C.once D.until
