Teenagers who check social media for several hours a day are at the risk ofdeveloping ADHD (多动症), a study has concluded.
The research team, from the University of Southern California, tracked 2,600teenagers aged 15 and 16. They asked them how many times they checked theirphones and other digital devices for various reasons, and then monitored them for symptoms of ADHD. After two years, those who had checked their phones the mostoften were twice as likely as those who checked the least often to show signs ofADHD.
Writing in the JAMA medical journal, the scientists said, “Modern mediadevices immediately inform users when new text messages, social media postings, or videogame play invitations arrive. Exposure to such information may drawattention away from important tasks. Frequent distraction could interrupt thedevelopment of constant attention and organization skills.”
They believe constant access to instant entertainment also has an impact. Researcher Professor Adam Leventhal said all previous research had focused on the link between ADHD and televisions. “What’s new is that previous studies on thistopic were done many years ago, when social media, mobile phones, tablets andmobile apps didn’t exist. We can say with confidence that teens who are exposedto higher levels of digital media are significantly more likely to develop ADHDsymptoms in the future,” he said.
Leventhal believes the findings help fill a gap in understanding how newmobile media devices and seemingly limitless content pose a mental health risk forchildren. And the findings serve as a warning.
British scientists welcomed the findings. But Professor Andy Przybylski of theOxford Internet Institute said, “The study relies on survey responses provided bythe students in question. It is not clear if teachers or parents would rate the childrensimilarly or if the self-reported measure of digital screen use is related with eitheractual behavior or higher quality survey items.”
1.How did the researchers conduct the study?
A.By monitoring 2,600 teenagers with ADHD.
B.By tracking the participants for two years.
C.By analyzing data from previous researches online.
D.By controlling different teens’ time spent on social media.
2.What does Leventhal think of the exposure to higher levels of digital media?
A.It will cause diverse ADHD symptoms.
B.It will create higher ADHD risks.
C.It will weaken teenagers’ confidence.
D.It will have a major influence on organization skills.
3.What does Professor Andy Przybylski think of the study?
A.It provides a better understanding of the media.
B.It should have focused on parents’ responses.
C.Its findings are not reliable enough.
D.It’s a breakthrough in this field.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The use of digital media is on the rise
B.Teens are increasingly exposed to ADHD
C.Heavy use of social media may increase ADHD risks
D.Teens’ exposure to modern media calls more attention
“Birds” and “airports” are two words that, paired together，don’t normally paint the most harmonious picture. So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that is for birds.
Described as the world’s first-ever bird airport, the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区）in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is, of course,not an actual airport. Rather，it's a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds-even thousands-of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australian Flyway. Over 50 species of migratory (迁徙的）water birds，some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.
Located on a former landfill site，the 150-acre airport is also open to human travelers.(Half a million visitors are expected annually.) However，instead of duty-free shopping，the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin’s newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised “observation platforms” and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles.
“The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species, while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin.” Adrian McGregor of an Australian landscape architecture firm explained of the design. Frequently blanketed in smog so thick that it has shut down real airports, Tianjin is a city---China’s fourth most populous----that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs•
1.The underlined phrase “non-egg-laying creatures” in Paragraph 3 refers to?
A. Visitors. B. Designers.
C. Endangered water birds. D. Planes.
2.What do we know about the airport according to the passage?
A. People cannot watch birds up close here.
B. It is located on a 150-acre landfill site.
C. It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve.
D. It provides migratory birds with food and shelter.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The airport will become a permanent home for birds.
B. Tianjin will win worldwide fame in the future.
C. Tianjin’s air quality will improve thanks to the airport.
D. Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people.
4.What is this passage mainly about?
A. Airports shut down and open up.
B. China is to open the first Bird Airport.
C. Airports turn into green lungs.
D. Birds are no longer enemies to airports.
Don't get mad the next time you catch your teenager texting when he promised to be studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A University of lowa(UI) study found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behaviors. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.
"For the teenager, 'the rewards are attractive." says Professor Jatin Vaidya，an author of the study. "They draw adolescent. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the reward is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults ."
For parents,that means limiting distraction (分心的事情）so teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p.m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facehook or Twitter, the researchers advise. "I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology," Vaidya says. But some help in netting their concentration is necessary for them so they can develop those impulse-control skills.”
In their study,Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are impulsive（冲动的)，make bad decisions，and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes（额叶）of their trains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered. whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behaviors independent of higher-level reasoning.
"We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system how it change from chillhood to adulthood," Says Vaidya, who adds the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescence behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe,”he adds.For their study ,the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 and 16,and 40 adults, aged 20 and 35 to participate.
In the future,researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological（神经学上的）aspects of their results.
1.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.The initial rush of texting is less attractive for adolescents than the long-term pay off of studying.
B.Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
C.Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D.Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
2.Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea?
A.The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B.Parents should help children in making decisions.
C.Children should have access to the Internet.
D.Children need help in refocusing their attention.
3.What result does teenagers' brain underdevelopment lead to?
A.Doing things after some thought.
B.Making good decisions.
C.Joining in dangerous actions.
D.Escaping risky behavior.
4.How did the researchers carry out their study?
A.By making a comparison of brain examinations.
B.By examining adults’ brain.
C.By examining teenage brain.
D.By building the train’s reward system.
As one of our talented remote editors, you'll have the ability to work from home while choosing the types of tasks that interest you. You will receive free training through online talks and our company newsletters. You will have job security and be paid on time. Working with Scribendi INc. requires a middlle level of computer and Internet knowledge. You need to be good at downloading and uploading files, attaching files to emails, saving and finding files on your computer, transferring files and renaming files.You should have a good working knowledge of the major document file formats and their associated software programs.
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1.The remote editor .
A.will study the knowledge of type setting
B.will receive training that needs to by paid for
C.will accept his payments by using PayPal
D.can rest on weekends and have good pay
2.Who will probably be one of the remote editors?
A.All American with a university degree, who worked 3 years for a newspaper.
B.A Chinese, with a university,who worked 5 years for a translation―comply.
C.An English wish a high school degree, who worked 3 years for a newspaper.
D.A Frenchman with a university degree, who has a high level of computer knowledge,
3.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Those applying for the job will be given a job interview.
B.One can apply for the job throughout the year
C.Communication is very important for one to get the job.
D.One can apply for the job through the website,
用英语写一篇100词左右的文章介绍我国首位航天员杨利伟。
姓名：杨利伟
出生年月：1965年6月
籍贯：辽宁省绥中县
简历：1983年6月参军
1992年调到成都空军某部
1996年8月1500名飞行员参加体检，杨利伟进入14人之列
1998年1月正式成为我国首批航天员，经过5年训练光荣地选为我国首次载人航天飞行首飞队成员
2003年10月15日乘“神州5号”飞船遨游太空
出生于农民家庭，从儿时起向往蓝天，在部队聪明好学，训练刻苦。
参考词汇：astronaut 宇航员 manned-space aircraft 载人航天飞机 research 研究 candidate 候选人
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I love camping. It is my favoritest way to spend the summer vacation. Last year, my family and I went camping in the countryside. It was one of the most excited experiences I had never had. We slept in a tent and went on a long walk every day. We cook over a fire and the food always tasted wonderfully. For a whole week, I saw lovely mountain views or breathed fresh air. At night, I heard the gentle wind blowing in the tree, and I felt so peaceful. It doesn’t cost many to camp, and what I believe it’s the best way to get close nature and enjoy its beauty.
