Salty water just below the surface of Mars could hold enough oxygen to support the kind of microbial （微生物的） life that existed and developed quickly on Earth billions of years ago， researchers reported on Monday.
In some locations， the amount of oxygen available could even keep alive a primitive， multicellular （多细胞的） animal such as a sponge （海绵动物）， they reported in the journal Nature Geosciences. "We discovered that brines-water with high concentrations of salt - on Mars can contain enough oxygen for microbes to breathe，" said lead author Vlada Stamenkovic， a theoretical physicist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. "This fully revolutionizes our understanding of the potential for life on Mars， today and in the past. "
Up to now， it had been assumed that the trace （微量） amounts of oxygen on the Red Planet were insufficient to sustain even microbial life. "We never thought that oxygen could play a role for life on Mars due to its rarity in the atmosphere， about 0.14 percent，" Stamenkovic said. By comparison， the life-giving gas makes up 21 percent of the air we breathe.
On Earth， aerobic-that is， oxygen breathing -life-forms evolved （净化） together with photosynthesis （光合作用）， which converts CO2 into O2. The gas played a critical role in the existence of complex life， known after the so-called Great Oxygenation Event some 2.35 billion years ago.
But our planet also holds microbes -at the bottom of the ocean， in boiling hot springs -that live in environments lack of oxygen. "That's why -whenever we thought of life on Mars -we studied the potential for anaerobic （无氧的）life，" Stamenkovic said.
1.The underlined word "insufficient" in Para. 3 means " ______ ".
A.enough B.not enough
C.wrong D.right
2.Vlada Stamenkovic may agree that ______ .
A.this research changes people's understanding of the potential for life on Mars
B.the life-giving gas makes up 31 percent of the air people breathe on earth
C.Great Oxygenation Event happened some 2.35 million years ago
D.earth holds microbial life at the bottom of the desert
3.The main idea of the passage is ______ .
A.Mars is fit for living
B.multicellular animals are living on Mars
C.oxygen plays a role for life on earth
D.Mars is likely to have enough oxygen to support life
Several years ago, the Woburn Safari Park in England admitted to killing many monkeys. The park said that it cost too much to continue to feed the monkeys, so the animals were shot and left to die. This is just one of the many cases in which animals are mistreated and murdered by humans.
Animals should be able to live life in natural environments without any negative influences by humans. The first reason zoos should be banned is that tyrannizing and murder are becoming more and more popular in zoos worldwide. In 2007, the IDA(In Defense of Animals) came out with a top ten list of the worst places for an elephant to go. All ten of the American zoos have had elephants die there, because of mistreatment, such as improper diet, lack of exercise, and unsuitable living conditions.
Another example of mistreatment in zoos is illegal products made from animals. A tiger bone wine, banned in 1993, has been sold on the Chinese black market for several years now. Illegal trades like this are very easy because of the zoos. The third reason zoos should be illegal is that they can give visitors the wrong idea about animals. Animals will behave differently in the wild from how they will in a closed area. So, if someone came across an animal in the wild, they may think it is safe to approach the animal when it is not. People could easily get hurt.
Humans are animals too. What if animals got smart and decided to capture humans and put them in zoos? So in order to keep the circle of life and continue to have animals be a part of the world, humans must take basic steps to maintain the delicate balance between man and beast.
1.Why did the Woburn Safari Park kill many monkeys？
A.Because they got seriously ill. B.Because it took much money to keep them.
C.Because they behaved badly. D.Because they couldn't get on well with people.
2.The underlined word “tyrannizing” in Para. 2 means ______.
A.abuse B.kindness
C.influences D.cases
3.The passage is mainly developed by ______ .
A.following the order of time B.making comparison
C.analyzing the reasons D.providing statistics
4.What will be most probably talked about next？
A.What if animals decided to capture humans. B.How to protect animals effectively.
C.More example of mistreatment. D.How to create natural environments.
Nate Ledoux flew all the way across the country to surprise his father Officer Duane Ledoux on his final day with the Southbridge Police Department.
A video shows Duane overcome with emotion when he makes his final radio call， known as a "final code five" on June 25 and the call is answered by his son.
"It is my sincere pleasure to announce that on this day， after 32.5 years of service， my father， Southbridge Police Officer Duane Ledoux， is retiring and has given his final code five，" Nate Ledoux says.
Nate continues： "It is my honor to acknowledge this code five， to set free a man who has sacrificed so much of his time for all of us， so that he may spend the rest of his life discovering new craft beer， exploring this beautiful country， and most importantly， chasing glory. "
"Dad， you are officially code five. "
Fighting back tears， Duane radios back： "Love you. "
The father shakes his head in disbelief， tapping the radio to his forehead.
"He did come home. He came home. I called that，" he says laughing.
In a second video on Facebook Live， Nate can be seen smiling as he sends his dad off.
Southbridge Police Chief Shane Woodson also thanked Ledoux for his more than three decades of service.
"After more than 31 years of service to the town of Southbridge， Officer Duane Ledoux badge 1041 is retiring and giving his final code five，" Woodson said over the radio.
"I wish you the best of luck on your future endeavors. Congratulations brother. "
Duane choked up as he thanked the department and his family， including Nate's brother Nick， who died years ago in a car accident.
"Too much to say， but thank you. To everyone in my family， everyone I've served with， and to my boys. Time to go home. Thank you，" he says.
1.June 25is a special day for Duane because ______ .
A.Nate has flown across the country to see him
B.Shane Woodson praised him for his service
C.it is the very first day to start his new life
D.it is the final day of 32.5 years' service
2.The text mainly wants to show that Duane Ledoux is ______ .
A.a devoted friend B.a qualified father
C.an excellent policeman D.a good leader
3.On this day Duane feels ______ to his family.
A.grateful B.regretful
C.shameful D.hopeful
4.Both Nate and Shane hope that Duane will ______ .
A.do even better in his future career B.enjoy himself in his future life
C.continue to make more achievements D.spend more time with his family
BIG BUS TOURS-HOP-ON HOP-OFF TOURS
Big Bus Welcome Center 7127th Ave. Between 47th & 48th St.
TELEPHONE
212-685-8687
FREE ENTRY WITH THE NEW YORK PASS **SAVE﹩59.00
Normal Entry Price: Adult﹩59.00
Normal Entry Price: Child﹩49.00
The open-top Big Bus sightseeing tour is the most enjoyable and convenient way to see New York! You’ll see famous landmarks such as the iconic Empire State Building to the new One World Trade Center. Throughout the tour, you can learn about the city’s history from our entertaining and informative live guides and recorded commentary. You can hop-on and hop-off at any of the Big Bus stops to explore and visit NYC’s tourist attractions such as the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
The New York Pass grants you a free Classic Ticket valid (有效) for 1 day on the Uptown, Downtown & Midtown Loops. Tickets must be collected from one of the Big Bus Centers, and tickets cannot be issued on the bus. All tickets redeemed (补换) or purchased after 3 pm are extended into the next day.
TOUR HOURS：
Downtown Loop has daily departures from 8 am to 5 pm from November to March and 8 am to 6 pm from April to October.
Uptown Loop has daily departures from 9 am to 5 pm from November to March and 9 am to 6 pm from April to October.
Get the Big Bus Hop on Hop off Route Map — CLICK HERE
Click herefor more information about Big Bus Tours.
It really is that easy — See for yourself how this works.
Or check out all 90+ New York City Attractionswhere you get free entry with New York Pass.
1.Who helps tourists with the city’s history during the trip?
A.Bus drivers. B.Policemen. C.Volunteers. D.Live guides.
2.We can learn from the passage that ______ .
A.tourists can get on and off the bus with ease
B.the open-top Big Bus sightseeing tour is the most expensive way to see New York
C.Big Bus Welcome Center is Between 37th & 38th St.
D.free Classic Ticket can be issued on the bus
3.What is the advantage of New York Pass?
A.Staying wherever the tourist likes.
B.Choosing different restaurants to eat.
C.Getting a free Classic Ticket.
D.Saving much time for buying stuff.
4.The passage is probably taken from ______ .
A.an application form B.a history book
C.a newspaper D.a website
假定你是李华，曾在你校工作的外教Peter得知你们最近搬迁到新校区学习， 来信询问新校区的情况，请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍新校区（地理位置，建筑布局，设施设备等）；
2. 邀请他闲时来访。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作 文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增 加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day, Mrs. True, my teacher, organized a poetry contest after we have just studied various types of poems. My classmates all wrote to their family members, but I put the word into my poem carefully: “I love Penny.” Penny was my 3-year-old dog, that was my best friend. My classmates felt strange and wondered how. However, I felt really moving when Mrs. True still showed off my poem to my classmates. As result, this contest became a turning point in my life. From now on, I fell in love with writing and have even become an editor of a newspaper. I really respect Mrs. True and teachers like him for encouraging us to follow our hearts.
