Do some kinds of video games cause violence? Scientific studies do not suggest a link. But the idea that there is a link between violent video games and violent acts reappeared following the mass shooting in El Paso, Texas, last weekend. An online statement thought to be written by the El Paso gunman mentioned the video game “Call of Duty”.
On Monday, President Donald Trump said that “terrifying video games” contribute to a “glorification of violence”. American politicians have long made similar statements. Benjamin Burroughs is a professor of media at the University of Las Vegas. He said that there is no linkage to gun violence, when mentioning video games. Burroughs pointed out that some studies show a short-term increase in aggressive thoughts and feelings after playing video games, but nothing that rises to the level of violence. “Plenty of gamers get upset when they lose or feel the game was ‘cheating’, but it doesn’t lead to violent outputs,” Burroughs stressed.
In 2006, a small study by researchers at Indiana University found that teenagers who played violent video games showed higher levels of emotional arousal（激发）—strong emotions like anger or fear. The teenagers also showed less activity in the parts of the brain associated with the ability to plan，control and direct thoughts and behavior.
Patrick Markey，the psychology professor，found in his research that men who commit severe acts of violence actually play violent video games less than the average male. Another study by Markey and other researchers showed that violence tends to go down when a new violent movie or video game comes out. One possible explanation is that people are at home playing the game or in theaters watching the movie. Markey believes that video games might excite people, but they do not change who people are. “It is like going to see a sad movie,” Markey said of playing video games. “It might make you cry but it doesn’t make you clinically depressed,” he said.
1.Why is the mass shooting in EI Paso, Texas mentioned in the first paragraph?
A.To show the necessity of scientific studies.
B.To support the writer’s own viewpoint.
C.To show the seriousness of violent acts.
D.To serve as evidence for the assumption.
2.What are the similarities between Benjamin Burroughs and Patrick Markey?
A.Both are specialists in psychology in the USA.
B.Both acknowledge video game roused emotional change.
C.Both present their ideas through doing research.
D.Both worry about the potential dangers caused by video games.
3.What can be learned about the research in 2006?
A.Teenagers tested in it become more emotional.
B.Its findings set alarm for young video game players.
C.Teenagers mentioned in it mainly come from Indiana.
D.Its researchers are strongly for banning video games.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Violence—a by-product of video games.
B.Video games—the cause of violence or not.
C.Video games—the promoter of the mass shoot.
D.Violence—a threat for game players or not.
Chocolates, syrup（糖浆）, cream on top, many of the hot drinks we consume even more at this time of year certainly sound sugary, but just how much sugar they contain might come as a shock.
The health campaign group Action on Sugar has found that Starbucks hot chocolate made with milk has almost 94 grams of sugar. That equals 23 teaspoons. At Caffe Nero, the salted hot chocolate packs in almost 60 grams of sugar, about 15 leaspoons. And Casta’s cream latte（拿铁）has 32 grams of sugar, that’s 8 teaspoons.
The drink makers won’t have those details listed next to the price. If known, it would be quite alarming. That’s how capitalism works. The capitalists have to get people addicted to certain things to keep selling it more. If told the amount of sugar contained，many would take hot drinks just as a treat not on a daily basis. Some drinks have actually reduced in sugar over the past few years，but many more haven’t. The most sugary seasonal drink was from Starbucks with more than 14 teaspoons of sugar. Other companies like breakfast cereal manufacturers and yogurt manufacturers are reducing sugar. And so is soft drinks，yet the milk based drinks, milk shakes，hot chocolates and lattes just don’t seem to have changed in the same way.
And while some companies are actually being really responsible reducing their sugar, some have actually increased that in the last two years which just seems ridiculous. Coffee chains do offer low-calorie alternatives. But Action on Sugar are still calling for more tax on hot coffee drinks. Not much of a Christmas present for the coffee chains, but maybe a gift in the long term for our health.
1.What does the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A.Consumers favor sugar contained hot drinks.
B.The amount of sugar in some hot drinks is frightening.
C.Famous hot drink makers prefer hot chocolate series.
D.Cream latte is the signature hot drink for Starbucks.
2.What can we learn about hot drink makers?
A.Most of them are trying to reduce sugar in certain drinks.
B.Chocolate and syrup are irreplaceable part of their products.
C.They won’t show the consumer how much sugar a drink contains.
D.Four of them have been investigated by the health campaign group.
3.What’s the writer’s attitude toward the hot drink makers?
A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.
C.Objective. D.Reserved.
4.How can the sugar-originated hot drink problem be eased?
A.Taxes can be raised on hot drink makers like coffee chains.
B.More official groups like Action on Sugar could be founded.
C.Sugar content can be labeled in place of the price for hot drinks.
D.Warnings can be given to those enjoying weekly hot drinks.
This is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system. Like many cities in Sweden，Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. It met the EU 2020 target of recycling 50%of waste many years ago. But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories，including food，textiles, cartons（纸板箱）and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.
The reason for this becomes clear at the city’s recycling plant. The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’re collected altogether in a rush, once a fortnight from outside people’s houses. But thanks to those bright colors, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. The food waste in green bags is processed on site into a certain thick liquid to make burnable gas, which powers the city’s buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-pollution, so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things. Like the rest of Sweden，Eskilstuna is committed to sending zero waste from its citizens to landfill. Waste that cannot be recycled is burnt at a local plant to generate electricity. This reduces reliance on fossil fuels, but does create greenhouse gases.
As countries around the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as an example to follow as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting at home.
1.What can we learn about Eskilstuna?
A.It is flooded with colorful waste.
B.It is best-known for waste-recycling.
C.Waste there is painted into seven colors.
D.Rubbish recycling is handled seriously there.
2.What does the underlined word “jumbled” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Mixed together. B.Collected orderly.
C.Sealed cautiously. D.Piled purposefully.
3.What may the new recycle-system bring about?
A.The increase in the efficiency of waste recycling.
B.The convenience to the citizens in waste dropping.
C.The avoidance of rubbish related environmental problems.
D.The decrease of profit for waste plants.
4.Where is this text most likely from?
A.Parents. B.In style.
C.Fortune. D.The New York Times.
When film was first invented in the late 1800s and early 1900s, movie-goers could actually see images of far-away places, like China, and that fueled interest in the area. Throughout history, many Chinese Americans are devoted in this area. Now, the back room of the Formosa Cafe looks like a museum that honors the works of Chinese Americans and their contributions to Hollywood.
Chinese stereotypes（刻板印象）
Stereotypes of the Chinese in America were strengthened by the otherness of U.S. China towns in the late 1800s and early 1900s.There was an idea that the Chinese was the “yellow peril”, who you couldn’t trust. And that resulted in the character called Fu Manchu. Fu Manchu was an evil character who wanted to destroy the western world. He appeared in movies and in a television series. In 1926 , Charlie Chan, a Chinese investigator from Hawaii, appeared for the first time in a movie. This created a different , yet still problematic Asian stereotype.
“Yellow face” actors
Charlie Chan and Fu Manchu may have been Chinese characters, but the actors were usually white men made up to look like Asian. Actors Sidney Toler, Roland Winters and Ross Martin all played Charlie Chan. Yellow face meant they actually yellowed up their skin. White actors just played the lead characters in The Good Earth, a 1937 film about Chinese farmers. Asian actors had parts in the film, but they needed bankable actors , however , there were no Asian American bankable actors.
China factors
Over the years, Asian and Chinese Americans did find work in Hollywood, and a few earned a star on the Hollywood Walk for Fame. Hollywood is also changing the way it presents the Chinese culture. As the biggest market for movies outside the U. S, Hollywood has been making films that will not offend movie goers in China or the country’s government. The industry has been careful not to show the Chinese as evil. Co-productions between Hollywood and Chinese companies put Chinese characters and China in a favorable or satisfactory way.
1.Why is the back room of the Formosa Cafe mentioned?
A.To show appreciation for Chinese American filmmakers.
B.To display the richness of Chinese American films.
C.To attract more customers to enjoy coffee in the Formosa Cafe.
D.To recommend a place to mover goers to learn Chinese American films.
2.What can be known about Charlie Chan?
A.He could be found in a TV series.
B.He was an actor bearing evil reputation.
C.He represented investigators from Hawaii.
D.He wasn’t much appreciated by movie-goers then.
3.What can be concluded about Chinese American films?
A.Chinese actors were preferred in casting Chinese roles.
B.They focused on evil Chinese eager to ruin America.
C.China factors are positively viewed in them.
D.They have been introducing Chinese stereotypes.
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Catherine听说中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)在预防和治新冠肺炎(COVID-19)方面效果良好，想作更多了解。
请你给她写封邮件，简要介绍一下。内容包括：
1 .中医的历史
2 .中医的作用。
3. 你的看法
注意：1 词数100词左右
2 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Catherine ，
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hello! Welcome to my hometown. Firstly, we would go to the Guandi Temple. It has more than one thousand years old. It is a gathering place for young man on Friday and Saturday nights. Two streets lead to the temple, which have wide sidewalks and are lining with trees. Front Street contain all the food stores. Back Street is a place all the government offices are housed. Finally, we come to the Green Hill. And there is the primary school on the hill. In spite of only one hundred pupils, it was well known. After visiting to my hometown, I'm surely you'll love it better.
