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    Deserts are found where there is little rainfall or where rain for a whole year falls in only a few weeks' time. Ten inches of rain may be enough for many plants to survive if the rain is spread throughout the year, If it falls, within one or two months and the rest of the year is dry, those plants may die and a desert may form.

Sand begins as tiny pieces of rock that get smaller and smaller as wind and weather wear them down. Sand dunes are formed as winds move the sand across the desert. Bit by bit, the dunes grow over the years, always moving with the winds and changing the shape. Most of them are only a few feet tall, but they can grow to be several hundred feet high.

There is, however, much more to a desert than sand. In the deserts of the southwestern United States, cliffs and deep valleys were formed from thick mud that once lay beneath a sea more than millions of years ago. Over the centuries, the water dried up. Wind, sand, rain, heat and cold all wore away at the remaining rocks. The faces of the desert mountains are always changing—very, very slowly—as these forces of nature continue to work on the rock.

Most deserts have a surprising variety of life. There are plants, animals and insects that: have adapted to life in the desert. During the heat of the day, a visitor may see very few signs of living things, but as the air begins to cool in the evening, the desert comes to life. As the sun begins to rise again in the sky, the desert once again becomes quiet and lonely.

1.Many plants may survive in deserts when___________.

A.the rain is spread out in a year B.the rain falls only in a few weeks

C.there is little rain in a year D.it is dry all the year round

2.Sand dunes are formed when___________.

A.sand piles up gradually B.there is plenty of rain in a year

C.the sea has dried up over the years D.pieces of rock get smaller

3.The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that in a desert there is____________.

A.too much sand B.more sand than before

C.nothing except sand D.something else besides sand

    When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet(图章)ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.

What made it even more special was that it was about the ;only thing that wasn’t being “replaced”. We’d been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new” stuff(东 西)we got was rally just to replace what we’d lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.

Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took if off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.

Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents’ when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn’t my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “ You’ll recognize this one.,” she said smiling.

Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it. they realized who owned the ring. They’d had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me.

1.The underlined “ word” in in the fins paragraph probably means “          ”.

A. fashionable

B. available

C. practical

D. renewable

2.When she got the ring back, the writer was about          .

A. 13 years old

B. 15 years old

C. 26 years old

D. 28 years old

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The writer’s family moved several times.

B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring.

C. The writer’s ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.

D. The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My New Ring

B. Lost and Found

C. Lost and Replaced

D. An Expensive Ring

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

Once rainy spring day, Mom became a single mother. My little brother was two, my sister was eight, and I was fourteen. Those first weeks were especially hard before our small monthly support payments began. Mom found work in a potato-chip factory, but didn’t get paid right away.

That first Saturday morning as she left for work, Mom said, “I didn’t get ‘I don’t know what you’ll cook for supper.’ I won’t get paid until Monday, but I’m out of money, and our shelves are bare.” She laughed, but tears filled her eyes.

“Don’t that fairy tale have a happy ending? No, but we’ll do better,” I said. “I’ll ask Jesus to get us food today.” My words sounded brave even to myself. She shook her head and went to work.

I had planted a garden in our backyard. The lettuce (莴苣) and peas were up, but nothing was ready to eat. I looked through the kitchen and discovered Mom was right. We only had cereal (麦片) for our breakfast.

While my sister and brother played, I prayed and tidied the house. I was washing our front-room window when a cheery man in a blue shirt came over and rang the doorbell. Although I'd never seen him before, his big smile made me trust him.

When I opened the door, he asked “Have you heard about the new grocery store a mile from here? Today is its grand opening.”

I nodded. I’d seen their signs as I rode past on the school bus.

“They’re giving away gift coupons (礼券) to celebrate.” He pulled three white cards from his shirt pocket and handed them to me. “The first is for a huge loaf of bread, the second is for a gallon of milk, and the third lets you choose a half-gallon of your favorite flavor of ice cream.”

Paragraph 1:

I stared. “Really? There’s no purchase required?” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

When Mom returned, we had food on the table. “Where did you get this?” Mom asked.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是你班英语科代表李华，得知许多同学长时间在网上学习英语。就此请你用英语给你班同学发一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 陈述长时间在网上学习造成的影响；

2. 你的建议（控制时间、多种形式相结合等）。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

High school years are a large part in1.(shape) the person you are going to become. A school often2.(provide)education for you,and it can also be a place 3.you can develop relationships with many different people,join clubs,and participate in a variety of different sports.These years can make you become a high school student4.(fill)with many different emotions,including happiness, anger,sadness, envy, loneliness,stress,and a numerous amount more.This is also a time when peer(同龄人)pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.

Peer pressure is the influence from members of one's peer group.This can include influencing another to drink,smoke,cheat on a test,lie,skip class,and etc.The list is 5.(end).Peer pressure at high school is both harmful6. effective because it can lead to teen depression,high stress levels,negative behavior7.(issue),and poor decision making and outcomes.

Despite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue,it can 8.(see)positively in some situations.This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid  drugs,be honest,avoid alcohol,respect others,work hard,exercise,be kind, be responsible,and more.Friends and peer9.(actual)affect the choices you make.Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect10. you.