阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填在答题卡上的相应位置。
In ancient China tea was probably used 1. a relish(佐料)and a medicine. It was considered to be 2. (health) in part because it was made with boiled water, which is safer 3. (drink) in an area of polluted water. Tea drinking, and commercial growing, spread during the Tang Dynasty, 618—907. And tea gradually became one of the seven basic 4. (necessity) of Chinese life. (The others are fuel, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, and vinegar.)
A Japanese Buddhist priest is believed to have introduced tea to Japan in 805, 5. he returned from a visit to China. In Japan tea drinking was considered medicinal, and became 6. (close) associated with Zen Buddhism（禅宗）.
Dutch explorers became familiar with tea in 7. 1590s and were soon importing tea to Europe. In 1662 tea received a big boost in England when the Portuguese Catherine of Braganza married King Charles II and 8. (introduce) tea drinking to the British court. Gradually, the British fell in love with tea. In 1665, less than 88 tons of tea was imported to Great Britain. By 1700, it had increased to 10,000 tons of tea, 9. (rank) first in Europe.
The demand for tea continues to grow in spite of the 10. (compete) from soft drinks and coffee. And now tea is the second most-consumed drink in the world.
On a winter afternoon, a friend and I were throwing stones onto the rooftop of an old lady’s house. The purpose of our play was to observe how the stones _______ to missiles (导弹) as they rolled to the roof’s edge. I found myself a perfectly _______ rock and threw it out. The stone slipped from my hand and _______ straight for a small _______ on the lady’s back porch(走廊). At the sound of broken glass, we knew we were _______.
I was too scared about getting _______ that first night. _______, a few days passed and I hadn’t been discovered. I started to feel guilty(自责) for her _______from the bottom of my heart. She _______ greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the paper, but I was no longer able to act comfortable in her ________.
I made up my mind that I would ________ my paper delivery money, and in three weeks I had seven dollars. I put the ________ in an envelope with a note explaining that I was ________ for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would ________ the cost for repairing it.
I waited until it was ________, advanced to the old lady’s house quietly, and put the letter in her door.
The next day, I was given a bag of cookies made by herself. I thanked her and started to eat the cookies. ________, I felt an envelope in the bag. When I opened the envelope, I was ________. Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that said, “I’m ________ of you.”
Forty-three years seems like a long time to ________ the name of a mere acquaintance. Yet it dwells in my memory that she taught me a lesson in ________ that I shall never forget.
1.A.approached B.changed C.attached D.exploded
2.A.smooth B.huge C.soft D.round
3.A.left B.escaped C.headed D.leaped
4.A.roof B.porch C.window D.door
5.A.in danger B.in panic C.in pain D.in trouble
6.A.charged B.fined C.arrested D.caught
7.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Moreover
8.A.misfortune B.homelessness C.furniture D.damage
9.A.even B.never C.still D.rarely
10.A.house B.mind C.memory D.presence
11.A.save B.earn C.spend D.donate
12.A.paper B.money C.stone D.glass
13.A.shy B.sorry C.frustrated D.worried
14.A.include B.equal C.afford D.cover
15.A.afternoon B.morning C.dark D.dawn
16.A.Unfortunately B.Unexpectedly C.Gradually D.Naturally
17.A.surprised B.frightened C.disappointed D.embarrassed
18.A.fond B.delighted C.proud D.ashamed
19.A.forget B.remember C.imagine D.delete
20.A.kindness B.honesty C.generosity D.forgiveness
Easy Ways to Get Over Your Laziness
Laziness appears for very specific reasons. Maybe we don’t know how to do the task. 1.. Maybe we are just plain scared and our mindset needs adjustment. Whatever the cause, if laziness is interfering with your productivity, you must learn to overcome it. Here are several ways to overcome your laziness so you can reach your goals.
Make sure you’re not overwhelmed(不堪重负的).
Sometimes we freeze up when we’re overwhelmed by everything we have to do--we freeze up and don’t do anything at all. 2.. If you have too much on your plate and no idea how you’re going to get it all done, it may be that you’re not lazy but overwhelmed.
Check your motivation.
Similarly, if you’re not motivated it is very easy to slip into what looks like laziness. 3.. If it’s hard for you to stay connected to what motivates you, make up a list that you can consult when you need an extra push.
4..
Your environment and the people around you matter. Are you in a space that makes it easy to stay organized and productive? Do the people around you spend more time complaining than following their passions? If you surround yourself with people who love what they do, and are creative and motivated, their enthusiasm will rub off on you. Make sure that your space gives you everything you need to work well.
Value your time.
5.. Look at your to-do list and prioritize（优先）—you can do it in your head, on paper, or on a computer or phone-based planner. Just knowing where you are makes it harder for deadlines to sneak up on you and easier to work productively, even if it’s in short bursts.
A.Look at your surroundings.
B.To be productive we need to be motivated.
C.Make the most of the time you spend working.
D.So select just one thing at a time, do it, and ignore the rest.
E.Maybe we feel overwhelmed by everything we have to do.
F.We may procrastinate（拖延）because we are not sure what to do next.
G.Do you have realistic expectations on how much you are truly able to accomplish?
Late blight (晚疫病) is a common disease of plants such as tomatoes and potatoes, capable of wiping out entire crops on commercial-sized fields. If conditions are favorable, it can quickly spread to other plants through wet soil and wind.
In history, late blight caused over 1 million deaths in Ireland. Today it still causes more than 6.7 billion dollars in annual losses worldwide. Small farms and growers are often the hardest hit, many stating losing almost two-thirds of their yearly production, because usually they don’t have money to identify and treat the disease.
But farmers may have a new weapon now. The technology, designed by researchers at North Carolina State University can recognize sick plants early by employing a piece of test paper that plugs into (接入) a reader on a smartphone.
Plants produce signaling chemicals from their leaves. “If a plant is diseased, the type and concentration of these chemicals changes,” said Wei Qingshan, an engineer at North Carolina State University. If the farmer suspects a late blight infection is underway, he can remove a leaf from a living plant and place it in a small, covered glass jar. After the leaf’s volatile (挥发性的) chemicals have accumulated for 15 minutes or so, the cap is removed and the air is pumped from the jar into a reader attached to the back of a smartphone. Inside the smartphone reader is a piece of paper specially treated with dyes (染料) by the researchers. Upon interacting (相互作用) with the plant’s volatile chemicals, the paper changes color to indicate the presence or absence of the late blight.
The researchers hope to tailor the technology for other crop diseases, which continue to appear as climate change and global trade increase the stress on agricultural systems. “This is an important step in the improvement of global food security,” Wei Qingshan said.
1.What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A.The damage caused by late blight.
B.The money put into late blight treatment.
C.The number of crops in a commercial-sized field.
D.The yearly production of small farms and growers.
2.According to Wei Qingshan, how would a farmer find out if a plant was infected?
A.By treating the plant with special dyes.
B.By putting volatile chemicals on the plant.
C.By testing the air in the jar with a leaf inside.
D.By examining the land with a smartphone reader.
3.What do the researchers expect of their new technology?
A.It’ll reach farmers soon.
B.It’ll get rid of late blight.
C.It’ll be beneficial to the climate.
D.It’ll be able to detect more crop diseases.
4.What is the purpose of this passage?
A.To introduce a test method of late blight.
B.To explain the causes of late blight.
C.To discuss the effects of late blight.
D.To tell the history of late blight.
If you’re looking for European culture, there are few better places to visit than Switzerland. Known as the melting pot of Europe, it combines the cultures of Europe with astonishing beauty and fantastic food.
Switzerland’s culture is a combination of neighboring states: France, Germany, and Italy. The result is a multilingual (多语言的) country, as eastern Switzerland speaks French, the southern part speaks Italian and the rest speaks German.
Like the language, the cuisine is also quite different by region. If you visit cities like Geneva, you’ll find traditional French dishes like fondue and raclette, melted Swiss cheese served over bread or potatoes. Meanwhile, in German-speaking regions, like Zurich, you’ll find Rosti, a typical side dish made from fried potatoes.
However, if there’s one thing that unites the Swiss and the rest of the world, it’s their love of chocolate. Swiss chocolate factories are “the most luxurious in the world”, US travel blogger Sarah Schmalbruch wrote on Business Insider. Famous brands, like Lindt, are based in the country. Visitors to Switzerland can enjoy chocolate tasting sessions, and even take classes from master chocolate makers.
Aside from the wide variety of food on offer, Switzerland also offers thrills. The Swiss Alps offer year-round skiing and mountain climbing with local experts. Besides, you can visit the beautiful Matterhorn, known for its distinctive pyramid shape and snow-capped peak. Standing at a height of more than 4, 400 meters, it is the most pictured mountain in the world, according to Smithsonian magazine.
But if city culture is more your thing, you’ll find a wide range of museums and art galleries, not to mention the world’s largest teddy bear museum in Basel.
Even the largest Swiss cities tend to be laid back (悠闲自在的), but with many adrenaline- pumping (肾上腺素激增的) activities and cultural sites, Switzerland is perfect for every taste. After all, where else in Europe offers you the culture of four different countries?
1.The author presents Switzerland as a multi-cultural country by introducing its _________.
A.languages and food B.architecture and food
C.festivals and architecture D.costumes and festivals
2.Why are Sarah Schmalbruch’s words quoted?
A.To show the history of Swiss chocolates.
B.To prove Swiss chocolates are difficult to make.
C.To show how delicious Swiss chocolates are.
D.To stress the popularity of Swiss chocolates.
3.What can you find in Switzerland?
A.The safest skiing location. B.The most pictured mountain.
C.The largest art gallery. D.The oldest teddy bear museum.
4.Where can we most probably read this text?
A.In a geography textbook. B.In a science report.
C.In a travel magazine. D.In a personal diary.
Australia is no stranger to wildfires. The country’s weather patterns create heat and dryness, which fuel occasional bushfires in a natural cycle. However, one that started last September continues to burn, and it may not be natural at all. Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire’s creation and duration.
Peter Gleick, a US climate scientist, told Time, “the extent, the severity, and the intensity of these fires wouldn’t have been so bad without the fingerprints of climate change.”
According to Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, the country’s temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920. The spring of 2019 was Australia’s driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9℃.
“Due to enhanced (过度的) evaporation（蒸发）in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly,” Stefan Rahmstorf, a lead author of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Fourth Assessment Report, told Time.
Worse still, researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology believe that wildfires like this might become “normal conditions” in the future, according to the BBC. They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires. They found that the link between the two has already been observed in many parts of the world, including the western US, Canada, southern Europe, and even Scandinavia and Siberia.
“These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don’t do what it takes to make the world’s climate stable,” Corinne Le Quere, a professor from the University of East Anglia in the UK, told the BBC. “What we are seeing in Australia is not the ‘new normal’. It’s a transition(过渡)to worse impacts.”
1.What was the wildfire starting last September related to according to scientists？
A.Air pollution. B.Human activities.
C.Environment changes. D.Natural cycle.
2.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean?
A.The meaning of climate change B.The influence of climate change
C.The control of climate change D.The possibility of climate change
3.What happened with the temperature rising in Australia?
A.Plants stayed as lively as usual.
B.Australia never suffered a hot day.
C.The plants and the soils became dry faster.
D.Every season became the driest in the year.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.We might see more wildlife.
B.We were to see less disasters.
C.It could be impossible to see wildfires.
D.It would be more difficult to prevent wildfires.
