Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries.
In Brazil
Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particularly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hours — there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls.
In Singapore
Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on time. Efficiency(效率) is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced. Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing outright with someone with a higher rank.
In the United Arab Emirates
In the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it comes to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided. When meetings are one-to-one, if your host offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented.
In Switzerland
The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others’ time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree. Neat, clean dress is expected. The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.
1.The passage is mainly about _____________.
A.communication types
B.the workplace atmosphere
C.customs and social manners
D.living conditions and standards
2.Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?
A.They put efficiency in the first place.
B.They dislike face-to-face communication.
C.They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.
D.They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.
3.In the UAE, when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?
A.When greeting seniors.
B.When meeting the host alone.
C.When attending a presentation.
D.When dining with business partners.
4.In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?
A.In Brazil. B.In Singapore.
C.In the United Arab Emirate. D.In Switzerland.
Life is filled with changes. As we get older we _______ realize that those challenges are the very things that _______ us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with _______.
When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two _______. We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing _______ the challenge isn’t worth the _______ and call it quits. Although there are certainly _______when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most _______all that is needed is _______ and communication.
When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how ________ or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to ________ it and work it through instead of running away from it. Communication is making a ________ for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong. ________ you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt,” ________ “You hurt my feelings,” you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.
In dealing with the challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for ________ they are: small hurdles you need to jump or ________ on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is ________ to get over, and hurt only ________ to make us stronger. It is all part of growing up, it ________ to everyone, and some day you will ________ all this and say, “ Hard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing.”
1.A.seem to B.come to C.hope to D.try to
2.A.design B.promote C.direct D.shape
3.A.confidence B.pressure C.friendship D.difficulty
4.A.opportunities B.expectations C.choices D.aspects
5.A.demanding B.deserving C.predicting D.presenting
6.A.comment B.loss C.trouble D.expense
7.A.spans B.times C.dates D.ages
8.A.cases B.fields C.parts D.occasions
9.A.assessment B.commitment C.encouragement D.adjustment
10.A.doubtful B.shameful C.harmful D.painful
11.A.keep B.control C.face D.catch
12.A.space B.plan C.topic D.room
13.A.If B.As C.While D.Unless
14.A.other than B.rather than C.or rather D.or else
15.A.what B.who C.where D.which
16.A.pass by B.come across C.get through D.run over
17.A.unnecessary B.necessary C.impossible D.possible
18.A.helps B.means C.aims D.attempts
19.A.opens B.appeals C.goes D.happens
20.A.look down on B.look back on C.look forward to D.look up to
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Two years ago, Li Yuhua's daughter taught her how to shop online. Since then, the 51-year-old farmer in Wushan has been a regular online shopper. Shoppers like Li Yuhua are the new target for China's ecommerce giants, including Alibaba Group, which operates the Taobao platform, and JD.com. Rural China added 3 million more Internet users in the first half, taking the total number to 225 million, or 26.3%, of the country's total Internet population of 854 million, according to a report on rural ecommerce development released last week by the China International Electronic Commerce Center. That helped improve rural online sales in the first half of the year by 21% to 777.1 billion yuan (US$109.6 billion), outpacing the national growth rate by 3.2 percentage points.
''However, it is a little bit early to say that China's ecommerce battlefield is moving to rural China, '' said Chen Tao, a senior analyst at consultancy Analysys. Unlike urban residents, most rural Chinese haven’t experienced ecommerce shopping. While that provides online platforms with one of the last undeveloped markets for ecommerce, progress has been slow due to the lack of infrastructure(基础设施)and logistics(物流)support.
To address that problem, China's second-largest ecommerce operator, JD.com hired more deliverymen and tested drone(无人机) delivery services to improve service in rural China. Alibaba Group, China's largest ecommerce player, announced in April last year that it had invested US$717 million in Huitongda Network Co., which helps to boost sales in 15,000 towns across 18 provinces.
Another inhibiting factor in the development of rural ecommerce is the income gap. In 2018, annual per capita disposable income(人均可支配收入)in rural areas was 14,600 yuan (US$2,065) compared with 39,300 yuan (US$5,559) in cities. ''Lower disposable incomes in rural areas limit the consumption,'' said analyst Chen. ''It also takes time to educate rural residents to accept ecommerce services as most of them are new to online. There is still a long way to go to popularize online shopping in rural China.''
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假定你是高三学子李华。因新冠疫情，高考延迟了一个月。面对新形势，你对学习感到迷茫，所以写信给心理学家 Dr. Smith 询问缓解压力的方法。
内容包括:
1. 写信目的；2. 咨询内容；3. 期待回复注意:
1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being a doctor, you may think I would always suggest a bottle of something for what makes you ill.
1., first and foremost, I believe in the “do no harm” motto when it comes to health care. For example, you may first try music before2. (take) a pill. It is safe and it does no harm to your money.
For most people, music is already an important part of daily life. Some rely on music 3. (get) them through the boring journey to work, while others turn up their favorite music to stay pumped during a ke wan gworkout. Many even have the stereo on when they4. (cook), taking a shower, or folding the laundry.
Music is often linked to mood. 5. certain song can make us feel relaxed, happy, 6. (energy), or sad. Because music can have such an impact 7. mindset and well-being, it should come as no surprise 8. the connection between music and health has been studied for use in managing different 9. (condition). Music 10. (believe) to have healing effects, but types of music differ in the feelings they arouse. For example, classical music has been found to cause comfort and relaxation while rock music may lead to discomfort.
Michael Evans was standing in line at the Treasurer’s Office last August, waiting to pay his taxes, when he heard a(n)____sound ahead of him. The elderly woman at the window was crying. He heard the cashier ____the woman that her house was in foreclosure( 丧失抵押品赎回权) and headed for auction(拍卖). He also heard the woman tell the cashier that her daughter had recently died. Evans, a businessman who had just buried his father, couldn’t____the idea of this woman losing her home ____after losing her child. He ____the window. “I don’t mean to butt in,” he said to the cashier, “but ____you can get her house back, I’ll pay for her taxes.” The amount added up to $5,000.
The old woman was shocked. Her despair turned to ____. The cashier left for a moment to___ that it was all right for Evans to pay it. Evans promised to go ____to the bank and come back with the money. But when he returned to the treasurer’s office, he asked someone else waiting in line to hand the $5,000 check to the cashier. Evans was trying to ____quietly and, preferably, anonymously(匿名地).
“I didn’t want this attention,” he explained.
___, attention found him. It’s not every day that someone pays a stranger’s tax bill. As is reported, Evans often finds himself on the giving end of charitable situations, though for years he went unrecognized for it. ____ paying the elderly woman’s taxes, Evans said he did it for ____ but to make sure the lady stayed in her own house.
A few weeks after the tax____, Evans received the Spirit of Detroit Award for his lifetime of ___. Again, he didn’t want the attention, but his son felt the honor was overdue. “It was good to see my dad finally get the____ he deserves,” his son said. Michael Evans is nearing 60 and will retire soon. Before he does, he hopes that his son will ____ him in a fund-raiser to pay for a wheelchair for a boy with an incurable bone disease. And he’ll continue to___ the local youth football league team, paying for their equipment, uniforms, and out-of-state travel. His son is willing to___ the business, saying that he ____ his life after his father.
1.A.disturbing B.frightening C.appealing D.exciting
2.A.ensure B.inform C.talk D.state
3.A.hand B.stomach C.eye D.finger
4.A.even B.quite C.right D.only
5.A.approached B.passed C.accessed D.marched
6.A.because B.unless C.if D.before
7.A.disbelief B.sorrow C.guilt D.fright
8.A.conduct B.confirm C.compensate D.comprehend
9.A.constantly B.frequently C.outside D.straight
10.A.run away B.slip away C.pass away D.put away
11.A.Consequently B.Unfortunately C.Otherwise D.However
12.A.As for B.According to C.Owing to D.In case of
13.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
14.A.accident B.coincidence C.incident D.event
15.A.generosity B.courage C.optimism D.modesty
16.A.concentration B.recognition C.passion D.pride
17.A.attend B.instruct C.serve D.join
18.A.train B.promote C.sponsor D.offer
19.A.get on B.hold on C.go on D.carry on
20.A.copies B.models C.imitates D.reproduces
