Back when the Mississippi River flowed wild, its ever-changing waters moved soil across the North American continent. It picked up sand and dirt in the north and brought it to the southern areas of what we now call the state of Louisiana. Thousands of years later, man-made barriers called levees (防洪堤) and flood-control systems control the powerful river. But Louisiana officials are making plans to use the Mississippi River’s ancient power to build new land as a way to ease the threat of rising seas.
Engineers hope to remake the destroyed low-lying lands by copying nature—digging into the levees and redirecting the water. The water holds a lot of small dirt sediments (沉淀物). The sediments can flow into coastal basins.
Some critics question whether the idea presents its own environmental risks. But if it does work, the project would rebuild an important protection against storm waves. It would also help the land provide new living areas for birds and fish that depend on wetlands.
Saltwater is destroying the coast. Pathways cut for oil and gas development, boat travel and logging have worsened the problem. The state estimates that it has lost about 518,000 hectares of land since 1932. If nothing is done, more than twice that much land could disappear over the next 50 years.
Experts and officials have discussed the idea of using the river to rebuild the coast for many years. But it was not until money became available from the 2010 BP oil spill that the plan began to really take shape. In 2010, an explosion killed 11 people on an oil rig (石油钻塔) off the Gulf Coast that energy company BP operated. Millions of gallons of oil then flowed into the water over the next three months.
One year later, the United States government ruled that BP was responsible for the accident,
The company was ordered to pay billions of dollars for the damage. Louisiana is putting much of its share of the money toward coastal restoration.
1.What advantage will the new land bring?
A.Preventing severe drought.
B.Creating habitats for animals.
C.Controlling the powerful river.
D.Increasing the northern farm land.
2.What can cause the coast to disappear faster?
A.Energy changes.
B.Destroyed levees.
C.Man-made disasters.
D.Man-made water protection systems.
3.What made the plan of rebuilding the coast land come into effect?
A.The restoration of an oil rig.
B.The payment of compensation by BP.
C.The strong demand from oil companies.
D.The special support from some local critics.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Use Nature Power to Stop Soil Losing
B.Let the River Go Back to Its Original State
C.Fight Coastal Destruction by Copying Nature
D.Remove the Man-Made Barriers from the River
I feel ashamed to admit this, but in much of my past life, I pretended I knew what was going on when I didn’t, for fear of being “caught out”. In the school cafeteria, when people talked about TV shows, which I didn’t have the channels for, or on MSN Messenger, when I read unfamiliar song lyrics my friends had shared, I felt upset and I’d pretend to be calm and recognize what they were talking about, like everyone else.
I did this, as I didn’t want to be seen not to understand some things that people, I respected were good at. I thought that if I didn’t know what was going on, it betrayed a moral failing and exposed me as a boy who was deeply uncool and actually, a bit stupid.
And so I nodded along silently. I prayed I wouldn’t be found out what I really was, or I would feel embarrassed. I would follow up each incident with some diligent homework on the subject, trying to disguise myself. Unsurprisingly, it all became far too much and recently I’ve found myself overwhelmed by the number of things I didn’t know about. From politics to pop culture—even Micro Electro Mechanical Systems. I just felt exhausted by it all.
And so I made a decision. I decided to stop nodding frequently at the pub while crazily searching the relative information under the table. Instead, now I’m embracing saying what is really true when I don’t know what the other person is talking about. Instead of hurrying to make up some funny opinion about a show I’ve never seen, I’ll say something like: “I’ve heard of that show but I haven’t watched it yet” Saying “I don’t know” is such a simple thing. I’m sorry that it took me so long to start saying that. I’ve changed my attitude towards something I don’t know in life. I’ll never get caught in an embarrassing lie again.
1.What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?
A.His fear of making mistakes. B.The ways to make friends in the past.
C.School activities he and his friends loved. D.His sense of shame about lying in the past.
2.How did the author feel when he didn’t know about the topic m conversation?
A.Confused. B.Anxious and awkward.
C.Unconcerned. D.Calm and relaxed
3.What does the underlined word “disguise” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Hide. B.Beat.
C.Expose. D.Fool.
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.To show disadvantages of being ignored.
B.To show some embarrassing learning experiences.
C.To tell us what to do with the case of being “caught out”.
D.To tell us how saying “I don’t know” changed his life attitude.
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Massage (按摩)
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1.What can the “Facial” experience gift help you do?
A.Build up your muscles. B.Have a new look.
C.Relax your body completely. D.Reduce blood pressure.
2.Who may prefer the experience gift “Massage”?
A.Artists who want to meditate in nature.
B.Elderly women who want to live longer.
C.Businessmen who want to get rid of pressure.
D.Actresses who want to have a fresh appearance.
3.Which of the following can best improve mental health?
A.Facial. B.Massage.
C.Personal training session. D.Private meditation session.
请阅读下面材料，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
D-daughter M-mommy
D:"Mommy,are you leaving home again?"
M:"Yes,honey.Mommy is going to fight a monster!"
D:"A monster?Is it scarier than a big roaring tiger?Oh my!”
M:"Well...yes!A lot scarier!It's called Virus.Many people are working hard to defeat the monster."
D:"Who are they?”
M:"They're the scientists who are working on new medicines to cure the ill and the construction workers who are building new hospitals for patients as fast as possible.They are the delivery people who are delivering masks to everyone in need,risking being caught by the virus monsters,too...They are all ordinary people,including volunteers,but now they are also powerful soldiers;they are the bravest fighters and they are heroes!"
D:"They are so brave!But mommy,are you scared?"
M: Yes,everyone is scared.Mommy's too.But if no one goes to fight the monster,there will be more monsters,and the monsters will be even more aggressive,and they may defeat us all.”
D:"But mommy...I don't want you to leave me.”
M:"Baby,mommy doesn't want to leave you either.Sweetie,do you know what"to be brave" means?To be brave is to do the right thing even if you are really scared.?
D:"Mommy,I'll be brave,too.I want to be a doctor when I grow up,and I will fight the monsters together with you.”
（写作内容）
1.用约30个单词概述上述对话内容；
2.谈谈你对“勇士”的理解；
3.写出谁是你心目中的“勇士”，并简要陈述理由（至少两点）。
（写作要求）
1.表明个人观点，同时提供理由或论据；
2.阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文中的句子；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4.不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
“One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight...” That is the signal for half a dozen people braving a humid morning at Kamezuka park in Tokyo to bend, stretch, jump, and run on the spot. The group's personal trainer is a portable radio fixed on the top of a children's slide. A male voice’s simple instructions, issued to a lively piano accompaniment, have become a necessity of daily life in Japan since the broadcasts, known as Rajio Tais(radio calisthenics, first hit the airwaves almost a century ago.)
In 2003,the most recent year for which data is available, 27 million people said they took part in morning calisthenics more than twice a week, whether at work, at home in front of the TV or with Neighbors in the local park. Children perform Rajio Taiso before school sports days or during special summer holiday sessions ,earning credits that can be exchanged for snacks, stationery and other gifts.
Regular participants cover a broad cross-section of Japanese society: construction, factory and office workers including the 10,000 employees of the Tokyo metropolitan government, who are encouraged to leave their desks and start moving at 3 p.m. every weekday.
There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath. In 1999,a routine was added for people who use wheelchairs or have other mobility issues.
“Studies show that people who exercise this way for just a few minutes a day have improved bone density, reduced risk of suffering a stroke or heart attack, and are generally in better physical shape than other people their age who don't exercise,” says Yasuo Fukusnl, secretary general of the Japan Radio Taiso Federation.
“There has never been any pressure to modernise the programme, because people have grown up with it and know it off by heart,” adds Fukushi, who believes the routine helps explain the impressive lifespan of Japanese people.
“We even do this when it rains,” says Tomomi Okamoto, a company director who joins the Kamezuka park sessions in all weathers. “It gets the blood pumping and I always feel much better afterwards. It's a great way to start the day,” she says. “But it's not just about the exercise- it is a way of communicating with your neighbors and getting to know people.”
Introduction | ●Radio calisthenics have won a 1. in Japanese daily life. |
2. | ●Children performing radio calisthenics to earn credits in 3. for gifts. ●Adults from all walks of life encouraged to participate 4.. |
Different routines
| ●Two standard routines 5. various aerobic exercises, leaving performers a bit 6. ●In 1999,an extra one was designed for those 7. challenged. |
Potential benefits
| ●Compared with those who don't exercise,people who keep exercising per day are in better 8.,with bones and hearts strengthened. ●People who make it a habit to exercise are likely to have their lifespan 9. ●Some individuals consider Radio calisthenics an exercise as well as a way of 10. |
In 2010, after six years of training and further six years on the wards, I resigned from my job as a junior doctor. My parents still haven’t forgiven me.
Last year, the General Medical Council wrote to me to say they were taking my name off the medical register. It wasn’t exactly a huge shock, as I hadn’t practiced medicine in half a decade.
It was, however, excellent news for my spare room, as I cleared out box after box of old paperwork, tearing files up fast. One thing I did rescue from the jaws of death was my training portfolio (档案袋). All doctors are recommended to log their clinical experience, in what’s known as reflective practice. On looking through this portfolio for the first time in years, my reflective practice seemed to involve going up to my hospital on-call room and writing down anything remotely interesting that had happened that day.
Among the funny and the dull, I was reminded of the long hours and the huge impact being a. junior doctor had on my life. Reading back, it felt extreme and unreasonable in terms of what was expected of me, but at the time I’d just accepted it as part of the job. There were points where I wouldn’t have stepped back if an entry read “had to eat a helicopter today”.
Around the same time that I was reliving all this through my diaries, junior doctors in the here and now were coming under fire from politicians. I couldn’t help but feel doctors were struggling to get their side of the story across (probably because they were at work the whole time) and it struck me that the public weren’t hearing the truth about what it actually means to be a doctor. Rather than shrugging my shoulders and ignoring the evidence, I decided I had to do something to redress the balance.
So here they are: the diaries I kept during my time in the NHS, verruca’s and all. What it’s like working on the front line, the consequences in my personal life, and how, one terrible day, it all became too much for me. (Sorry for the spoiler of my book beforehand, but you still watched Titanic knowing how that was going to play out.)
Along the way, I’ll help you out with the medical terminology and provide a bit of context about what each job involved. Unlike being a junior doctor, I won’t just drop you in the deep end and expect you to know exactly what you’re doing.
1.Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 2?
A.But I found it a hard job to pick up my practice of medicine.
B.But I found it an easy task to turn over a new leaf in the long term.
C.But I found it a simple act to get involved in self-reflection as a junior doctor.
D.But I found it a big deal on an emotional level to permanently close this chapter of my life.
2.The author cleared out box after box of old paperwork so fast because .
A.he was disappointed at being dismissed from the NHS
B.being removed from his position served his purpose
C.being rescued from the jaws of death discouraged him
D.he had promised to keep his patients' personal information secret
3.The phrase “had to eat a helicopter today” in Paragraph 4 indicates that a junior doctor has to .
A.work hard for promotion B.equip himself with practical skills
C.look through all the portfolios D.live up to some extreme expectations
4.Which of the following best explains “redress the balance” underlined in Paragraph 5?
A.Argue with politicians. B.Tell the full story of doctors.
C.Collect more solid evidence. D.Win the support of the public.
5.What does the author intend to do by writing this article?
A.Reveal what it means to be a junior doctor.
B.Inform readers of some medical knowledge.
C.Give some background information on a book.
D.Encourage more people to practice medicine.
6.What attitude does the author hold towards the NHS?
A.Critical. B.Appreciative
C.Ambiguous. D.Doubtful.
