Many research groups are testing “ink” made from silk proteins to print human tissues, even organs. The process is a less costly alternative to conventional 3-D printing with collagen, a key protein mainly existing in the mammal’s (哺乳动物) cells. Researchers in Assam, a state in India, are investigating using local silkworm species for the task—they recently submitted a patent for bioinks using a combination of proteins obtained from local silkworms. The scientists have woven them into tissue structures ranging from ears to heart.
Silk is a natural substance which is strong and completely biodegradable (可生物降解的), well suited for applications in tissue engineering. For instance, to bio-print an ear, researchers dissolve silk fibers. They carefully mix the sticky liquid with a patient’s stem cells, then build structures layer by layer with a 3-D printer. Finally, the cells grow and replace the silken proteins and finally change into a natural substance in human body.
Compared with common—used chemicals as adhesive (黏合剂), wild silk is also perfect to cross-link silky tissues, which helps to maintain a 3-D structure. Also, the wild silk has spots that cells naturally attach to, which allows cells to stick to the silk structure rapidly. “These silks are ideal candidates for bioinks because they can be combined to build strong human tissues” says Mandal, the lab’s lead investigator. “This is important, for example, when making bones,” he add.
“Obtaining and purifying collagen from animal remains is complex and expensive.” says David Kaplan, an expert in biomedical engineering, when asked about the advantages. Compared with collagen, silks have an immense advantage in terms of supply and processing. Local sourcing is also a clear plus in their use in India.”
Mandal and his colleagues have already created original structures, including bone and soft tissues of the heart and liver. Reconstructing a human knee complex tissue at the ends of a bone will be next.
1.What does the underlined word “bioinks” refer to?
A.Silk proteins. B.Collagens.
C.Certain chemical. D.Tissues.
2.What will a patient eventually get after an ear-bioprinting?
A.An artificial ear. B.A silken ear.
C.A real ear. D.An original ear.
3.What are the advantages of silk proteins over collagen according to David Kaplan?
A.They are biodegradable and strong.
B.They are inexpensive and uncomplicated.
C.They are harmless and attachable.
D.They are pure and available.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Final Solution—Wild Worms for Medical Treatment.
B.Silky Tissue—Worm Proteins Ready for 3-D Bioprinting.
C.Bioink—Cheap Alternative for Conventional Operations.
D.Protein—Key to Repairing Human Organs.
For an entire decade, the award for Best FIFA Men’s Player of the Year was quite predictable: It either went to Portugal’s Cristiano Ronaldo or Argentina’s Lionel Messi. After all, they are the “legends” of soccer.
This year’s recipient, however, came as a surprise: Croatian player Luka Modric.
For those who aren’t soccer fans, Modric’s name is probably unfamiliar, mostly due to the fact that he rarely appears in TV commercials, and that he’s not a striker—things that apply to both Ronaldo and Messi—but a midfielder.
But Modric, 33, has certainly had a fruitful year. As a key member of Real Madrid, Modric helped the Spanish club win their third straight Champions League title in May. And as the captain of his national team of Croatia, Modric led the team to its first ever World Cup final in July.
And Modric’s hard childhood makes his achievements even more remarkable.
He grew up during the war following the break-up of Yugoslavia and the independence of Croatia. When he was 6, his grandfather was shot dead and his family had to live as refugees in a warzone. When playing soccer was an after-school hobby for kids of his age in other countries, it was an escape for Modric—he played soccer as a way to take his mind off the hardship his family was facing.
But it was this experience that gave Modric the mental toughness to push forward on his path to becoming one of the top soccer players in the world.
“The war made me stronger,” Modric told CNN. “We are not easy people to break. And there is a determination to show that, to show that we can succeed.”
It may be true that Modric wasn’t seen as a legend before. But by winning the Best Men’s Player award on Sept 24, he joined Ronaldo and Messi at the top of the list of the world’s best soccer players. And what could be more legendary than that? So, the man who defeated legends must be something even bigger.
1.Cristiano Ronaldo and Messi are mentioned in the passage to ________.
A.distinguish their differences B.show their contribution to soccer
C.highlight Modric’s achievements D.arouse the readers interest in soccer
2.Why did Modric start playing soccer?
A.Playing soccer was his hobby. B.He wanted to help his family out of trouble.
C.Playing soccer was required by his school. D.He expected to forget his family’s tough situation.
3.What can we learn about Modric from the passage?
A.He is captain of Real Madrid.
B.He often works as an advertising spokesperson.
C.He plays the same position as Cristiano Ronaldo.
D.He has made history for Croatia on the soccer field.
4.What does the passage intend to tell us?
A.Where there is life, there is hope.
B.Hardship makes a determined person stronger.
C.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.
D.A contented mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in this world.
The Slade Summer School Foundation course is an excellent introduction to the study of contemporary art. It sustains and develops students’ abilities and interests over a ten-week period and offers an opportunity for contemporary Fine Art practice. Entry is open to students of all levels and experience.
Course Structure
The course begins with a structured introduction to Fine Art. We begin by exploring the nature of drawing and its fundamental use for the artist and follow this with an in-depth investigation into processes of making and the application of ideas. Initially as a group, then individually, students will generate work from supplied and found materials.
Each student will have a space in the Woburn studios for individual studio-based enquiry.
Workshops
Alongside individual research and practice there will be a number of optional specialist workshops taught by invited artists as the course develops. These include subjects such as: order in space, color and light, technical research, etc.
Materials
For the introductory period and for the later workshops, most of the basic materials are provided, however, as independent working progresses students will be expected to provide their own materials.
Please note:
This year’s Foundation course will be taking place at Slade School of Fine Art, Woburn Studios in Bloomsbury, close to the British Museum and the galleries of Soho and the West End. The studios host the postgraduate Painting programme and was previously home to the Courtauld Gallery until 1989.
Duration: 06 July-11 September 2020 /10 weeks
Fee: ￡3, 750 (Early bird discount: 10% off until 31 May, 2020)
Summer School Foundation fees can be paid in full at the time of booking or in two installments (分期付款).
The first installment is ￡1,875 and must be paid at the time of booking; the second installment of ￡1,875 is due one month before the course starts.
Discount applied on both installments.
Book now!
1.What do we know about the Summer School Foundation course?
A.It covers both classical and modern arts. B.It is a professional course for future artists.
C.It features exploring the nature of drawing. D.It is intended for all students who love art.
2.Where will the students learn art during the course?
A.In the Courtauld Gallery. B.In the British Museum.
C.In the West End. D.In the Woburn Studios
3.If you are interested in the course, you should ________ to save money.
A.pay in installment before June B.sign up on a certain website
C.gain membership to get discount D.make full payment before the course starts
假设你是晨光中学的李华，英国友好学校将派教师来你校参加为期一周的暑期交流活动。活动期间，英方教师Chris将做一个有关西方艺术的讲座，现就讲座内容征求你的意见。请根据以下提示给Chris写一封电子邮件：
1.你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈或其他艺术种类中任选一种）；
2.你选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；
3.你希望从中有何收获。
注意：1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；
2.可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Chris
I’ m Li Hua, a student at Chenguanp High School.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Hua
根据首字母或中文提示用单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，并将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
1.The process was _______（有益的）to both supplier and customer.
2.The tourism facilities which were_______（摧毁）by the tsunamis in some parts of Thailand have been basically restored.
3.Today the r_______of ancient Rome have become a scenic spot to tourists from all over the world.
4._______（现在，如今）, mass unemployment seems to be a fact of life in the USA.
5.In reality, he is disabled and can no longer walk, but he was able to see and touch a lion while still in the c_______of the VR studio.
6.They later_______（逃跑）to Italy, where they lived and worked for 20 years.
7.The fact that he didn’t speak a foreign language put him at a distinct d_______.
8.According to the o_______figures, over three thousand people lost their lives during the outbreak of the epidemic in China.
9.Graduates should do something creative in the interview to d_______ themselves from other interviewees.
10.A team c_______of 50 experts on virus is devoted to doing research on the coronavirus in the hope that the right medicine to kill the virus can come into mass production soon.
A 90-year-old driver is providing it’s never too late to pursue（追求）your dreams. Last year, Hershel McGriff became the ______ driver to compete in a NASCAR event when he raced at the Tucson Speedway in his home state of Arizona.
McGriff has been ______ since he was a teenager. His first time behind the ______ came when he was just 17 years old after he read an ad in his local newspaper and was drawn to the ______ that comes with driving hundreds of miles per hour around a track, ______ for first place.
"I borrowed my dad’s 1940 Hudson — an ugly car, and I got a couple of guys to help me," McGriff ______ his beginning in the sport. "I didn’t do very ______ .I think I finished 12th or 13th out of a bunch of cars. That got me started."
His first win on the NASCAR circuit (联赛）came when he ______ in Mexico at the age of 22. McGriff went on ______ dozens of races, finally being ______ as one of NASCAR’s 50 Greatest Drivers. He retired from the sport at 74, but he never stopped his love for the track and decided to return to racing for a few special events that have made him famous in his hometown and ______ others to keep pursuing their dreams as well.
McGriffs spot in the race was a gift for his 90th birthday from his son and long-time friend, team owner Bill McAnally. "Bill called me up on the phone and said, ‘For your 90th birthday, I will furnish the car. All you have to do is ______ it," McGriff said. "When he made the ______, I was ready to accept
McGriffs history-making race proves that you can pursue your dreams at any ______ , but for this young — at — heart racer, it was just a chance to get behind the wheel and ______ pursuing his passion.
1.A.oldest B.fastest C.kindest D.bravest
2.A.studying B.racing C.dreaming D.growing
3.A.screen B.camera C.seat D.wheel
4.A.excitement B.nervousness C.comfort D.honor
5.A.waiting B.searching C.preparing D.fighting
6.A.looked back on B.looked forward to C.looked up to D.looked down on
7.A.seriously B.carefully C.well D.soon
8.A.relaxed B.performed C.competed D.traveled
9.A.organizing B.winning C.entering D.losing
10.A.remembered B.introduced C.employed D.named
11.A.inspired B.required C.allowed D.forced
12.A.repair B.buy C.drive D.decorate
13.A.change B.offer C.comment D.design
14.A.cost B.speed C.place D.age
15.A.finish B.consider C.continue D.imagine
