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Have you ever frequently put off things ...

    Have you ever frequently put off things you should do for various reasons? If so, it is procrastination (拖延). Procrastinators often put off  doing things and leave them to the very last moment. 1.Lazy people simply don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, on the other hand, have the desire to do something but can’t force themselves to start.

You might think procrastination is a bit annoying but fairly harmless. However, long term procrastination has bad effects on your health. Not having seen the doctor when your illness was easier to treat may shorten your life. Just thinking about what you haven’t done may cause discomfort. 2.

Don’t place too much pressure on yourself. “This project has to impress everyone; I really can’t blow this opportunity,”  3. Overcome this mental block by simply allowing yourself to be imperfect with the next small task. You can always improve your work later.

4. Concentrating on the size and difficulty of a task will overcome you and promote procrastination. Any work can be broken into smaller steps. The trick is - with each step along the way to focus on the next achievable tasks. Make sure you can easily imagine the outcome of your small task. Don’t write a book; write a page.

Focus on starting, rather than finishing. For someone who’s having a hard time starting a task, imagining a hard-to-grasp future can be depressing. The solution in this case, then, is to focus on starting. 5. We all know that if we start, we’ll eventually finish the task.

A.Break a long project down into short tasks.

B.So procrastination is about managing the time.

C.So we should apply ourselves to overcoming it.

D.However, procrastination is different from laziness.

E.Focus on the negative effects of the procrastination.

F.Bring your focus from the future to what can be done right now.

G.Placing such high hopes on a project only adds anxiety and fear of failure.

 

1.D 2.C 3.G 4.A 5.F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要区别了拖延和懒惰,指出长期的拖延症会对你的健康产生不良影响。以及就如何克服拖延症提出了一些建议。 1. 根据后文Lazy people simply don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, on the other hand, have the desire to do something but can’t force themselves to start.可知懒惰的人只是什么都不做,而且很好。另一方面,拖延者有做某事的欲望,但不能强迫自己开始。由此可知,拖延和懒惰是不同的。故D选项“然而,拖延和懒惰是不同的”符合上下文语境,故选D。 2. 根据上文However, long term procrastination has bad effects on your health. Not having seen the doctor when your illness was easier to treat may shorten your life. Just thinking about what you haven’t done may cause discomfort.可知然而,长期的拖延症会对你的健康产生不良影响。在你的病比较容易治疗的时候没有去看医生可能会缩短你的寿命。仅仅想到你没有做的事情可能会让你感到不适。由此可知,上文提到了长期的拖延症会影响健康,那么就应该尽力克服拖延症。故C选项“所以我们应该致力于克服它”符合上下文语境,故选C。 3. 结合上文This project has to impress everyone; I really can’t blow this opportunity,可知“这个项目必须给每个人留下深刻印象;我真的不能错过这个机会。”以及后文Overcome this mental block by simply allowing yourself to be imperfect with the next small task. You can always improve your work later.可知只要允许自己在下一个小任务上不完美,就可以克服这个心理障碍。你可以在以后改进你的工作。由此可知,过高的期望会增加焦虑和对失败的恐惧,因此作者后文建议要允许自己有不完美的时候。故G选项“对一个项目寄予如此高的期望只会增加焦虑和对失败的恐惧”符合上下文语境,故选G。 4. 根据后文Concentrating on the size and difficulty of a task will overcome you and promote procrastination. Any work can be broken into smaller steps. The trick is - with each step along the way - to focus on the next achievable tasks.可知专注于任务的大小和难度会打败你,助长延症症。任何工作都可以分解成更小的步骤。诀窍在于——在每一步中——专注于下一个可实现的任务。由此可知,本段是在说明将任务划分成几个小的任务,再在每一步中专注于下一个可实现的任务,这样才有助于克服拖延症。故A选项“把一个长项目分成几个短任务”符合上下文语境,故选A。 5. 根据上文For someone who’s having a hard time starting a task, imagining a hard-to-grasp future can be depressing. The solution in this case, then, is to focus on starting.可知对于一个很难开始一项任务的人来说,想象一个难以把握的未来可能会令人沮丧。那么,在这种情况下,解决方案就是专注于开始。由此可知,本句是在强调不要去想象未来还未发生的事情,而是要专注于当下可以做的事情上。故F选项“把你的注意力从未来转移到现在可以做的事情上来”符合上下文语境,故选F。
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    We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The worthless books we simply can’t put down.

Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the junk food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel guilty? As it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in moderation.

According to Robin Nabi, a professor at the University of California, a guilty pleasure is something that we enjoy, but we know we’re either not supposed to like, or that liking it says something negative about us.

Studies suggest that guilty pleasures can bring back some psychological resources. Besides, giving ourselves permission to enjoy downtime is also an important part of self-pity, which is an effective way of fighting anxiety and sadness. Perhaps the most important value of a guilty pleasure is the bond it can create between people.

If that’s true, why do guilty pleasures get such a bad reputation? Actually, it’s not the indulgences themselves, but the attitudes we take when talking about them. “We have the cultural value of media consumption being instructive, and that what we do should be about growing and achieving,” Dr. Nabi said. “We don’t focus as much on refreshment and enjoyment, and these are such important aspects of being a human being.”

Feeling guilty about activities we enjoy can diminish the benefits they offer us. But removing unnecessary embarrassment about our interests can enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to get rid of “guilty pleasure” from our vocabulary.

While guilty pleasures benefit us in some cases, they can also push us to indulge in behaviors we feel guilty about. Therefore, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation.

1.Which of the following might make us feel guilty pleasure?

A.Eating an entire bag of chips in one sitting. B.Telling an old bedtime story.

C.Staying up late doing your homework. D.Giving up seats to the elderly.

2.Why do people think poorly of guilty pleasures?

A.They take guilty pleasures too seriously. B.They dislike the behaviour of indulgence.

C.They ignore the benefits of guilty pleasures. D.They are influenced by their cultural value.

3.What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 6 mean?

A.Reduce. B.Increase. C.Maximize. D.Destroy.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Guilty pleasure? Avoid it B.Guilty pleasure? No Such Thing

C.Everything in Moderation D.New Trend in Media Consumption

 

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    Over a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers ()alive outside of the body for one week.

Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.

The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.

The research team began their experiments with livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transplant machine-treated organs into patients.

Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.”

1.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?

A.Introduce a brand new topic for discussion.

B.Provide some latest data about present liver transplants.

C.Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants.

D.Remind readers concerned of the importance of a healthy liver.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.The machine. B.The liver.

C.The temperature. D.The tissue.

3.What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine?

A.It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants.

B.It is aimed to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body.

C.It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally.

D.It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week.

4.Where is this text most likely from?

A.A biology textbook. B.A first aid brochure.

C.A social web page. D.A health magazine.

 

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    A few weeks ago, I picked up my 14-year-old daughter and her friend from dance class. The two girls chatted happily until I reached her friend’s house. And then 1 began the drive home and my daughter, who had been talking nonstop a minute before, went completely silent. I assumed she was lost in thought.

When I came to a stoplight, I looked in the mirror. My daughter wasn’t looking out of the window or staring into space - she was on her phone. I felt my anger rise.

“Get off your phone. That is rude. You make me feel like an Uber driver.” I shouted.

“But I’m texting friends about biology homework!’’ she said.

“That can wait.” I was mad and she was angry.

Back home, she disappeared into her room, and I thought about how I was still trying to take control of my daughter’s growing independence, which was fruitless.

The next day I was thinking about my outburst when a parenting program on TV caught my eye, in which the hosts interviewed Dr. Ken Ginsburg, the author of a famous parenting book. It completely changed my attitude.

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I need to honor her independence and create space for both of us to face this monumental developmental challenge as teammates, not adversaries((对手).

1.What made the writer mad?

A.She served as an Uber driver.

B.The two girls were chatting happily.

C.Her daughter was playing with the phone.

D.Her daughter forgot her biology homework.

2.What do we know about the daughter?

A.She is being under her mother’s control.

B.She is on the way to being independent.

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D.She hates making conversation with her mom.

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C.Inspiring. D.weak-willed.

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    While there is a slight chance that you touch down on the surface of the moon, there are some places you can visit that are tied to the Apollo 11.

The U.S. Space & Rocket Center; Huntsville, Alabama

Creating the Saturn V rocket that drove the crew of the Apollo 11 was the responsibility of a team of engineers in Huntsville. At the U.S. Space & Rocket Center, you can explore dozens of interactive exhibits, including “Space Craze “a look at the public’s strong interest in all things related to space through the pop culture.

Meteor Crater, Flagstaff, Arizona

Armstrong and his fellow were trained for moon exploration at a variety of places, including Meteor Crater, one of the most perfectly preserved impact craters on the planet. Today the Meteor Crater Visitor Center includes the 4-D ride “Collision Experience” and breathtaking tours around the edge of the crater itself.

The Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida

Every Apollo mission was started from the Kennedy Space Center, which remains an active launch site. Bus tours visit mission-critical areas of Kennedy Space Center and the Apollo/Saturn V Center, which houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock you can touch. Come during a scheduled launch, and you can purchase a special viewing package getting you a clear view of the launch.

Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Houston, Texas

It’s here that every aspect of the Apollo 11 mission was monitored. Now fully repaired, the control center is open to tour via the official visitor’s center. Space Center Houston. View astronaut training equipment and the largest collection of moon rocks.

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A.The U.S. Space & Rocket Center. B.Meteor Crater.

C.Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. D.The Kennedy Space Center.

2.What can we learn about Meteor Crater?

A.It houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock.

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D.It provides doze ns of interactive exhibits for visitors to explore.

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A.Touch a moon rock. B.Enjoy the 4-D ride.

C.See astronaut training equipment. D.View a rocket launch.

 

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1.Who is Emile Ratelbrant?

A.A television host. B.A legal adviser. C.A bank clerk.

2.When was Ratelbrant actually born?

A.In 1989. B.In 1969. C.In 1949.

3.Why did Ratelbrant submit such a legal demand to court?

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4.How does Ratelbrant feel about the possible result of his demand?

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