In the last seven days I have seen the pressure that the NHS is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the 1.(cook), the health care workers of every description-physios, radiographers 2.have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, kept 3.(risk) this deadly virus. It is thanks to that courage, that devotion, that duty and that love that our NHS has been unbeatable.
The Arctic Ocean in summer will very likely be ice free before 2050, at least temporally. The research team 4. (analyze) recent results from 40 different climate models. Using these models, the researchers considered the future evolution of Arctic sea ice cover in a scenario with high future CO2 emissions and little climate protection. As 5.(expect), Arctic sea ice disappeared quickly in summer in these simulations.
However, the new study finds that Arctic summer sea ice also disappears occasionally if CO2 emissions are 6.(rapid) reduced.
In order to understand7. bird brains changed, a team of 37 scientists used CT scan data to create endocasts(内腔)of hundreds of birds and dinosaurs, which the8.(combine)with a large existing database of brain measurements from modern birds.
They then analyzed brain-body allometry (体形变). “There is no clear line 9.the brains of advanced dinosaurs and primitive birds,”10.(note) co-author Dr. Amy Balanoff of Johns Hopkins University." Birds like pigeons have the same brains sizes you would expect for a dinosaur of the same body size, and in fact some species like moa(恐鸟) have smaller-than-expected brains.”
Translation
1.我想知道电脑开机了吗？(wonder)
2.众所周知，这个岛属于中国 (belong)
3.我听到消息说测试很简单。（同位语从句）
4.蔡英文当选了，这让我很失望。(disappoint)
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.
It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can identify with the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives . 1.
However , there is a negative side to boxing . 2. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with dramatic consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. 3. Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out, he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it.
4. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like competitive sports , and so do I , but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.
A.Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .
B.I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing .
C.In my personal opinion, boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not to have a try.
D.Professional boxers are much more at risk than their amateur counterparts.
E.Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing
F.It is likely to threaten personal safety of people.
Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 to $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspaper were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper” — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper, perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible (but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office to purchases a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny — usually two or three cents was charged — and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
1.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A.Academic. B.Unattractive.
C.Inexpensive D.Indifferent.
2.What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A.They would be priced higher. B.They would disappear from cities.
C.They could have more readers. D.They could regain public trust.
3.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A.Local politicians. B.Common people.
C.Young publishers. D.Rich businessmen.
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!
This Year's Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
Performance
Documentary（纪实作品）
Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long . A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit（提交）a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script（剧本）, or documentary highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7:00 A.M. -- 9:00 A.M. Participants signing in at the gym
10:00 A.M. -- 6:00 P.M. Competition and judges' review
7:00 P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
1.What is the theme of this year's competition?
A.Technology advances science.
B.Science interacts with technology.
C.Science has made the study of history easy.
D.Technology has improved the life of Americans..
2.Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are ________.
A.special clothes and a screen B.a desktop computer and a CD
C.a projector and special clothes D.a desktop computer and loudspeakers
3.What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?
A.Include more information in the essay. B.Remove the references.
C.Provide a cover for the essay. D.Explain the details with illustrations.
4.What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?
A.Preview performances and documentaries.
B.Make comments on the materials.
C.Improve the participant's first draft.
D.Collect a second proposal from the participant.
I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say, “I can’t believe what’s printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said, “The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf,” I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A’s on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I’m growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don’t have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We’re taught to read because it’s necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.
1.Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom’s hands？
A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B. She was anxious to know what had happened.
C. She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D. She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
2.According to Paragraph 3, the author’s reading of road signs indicates ________.
A. her unique way to locate herself
B. her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D. her growing desire to know the world around her.
3.What was the author’s view on factual reading？
A. It would help her update test-taking skills.
B. It would allow much room for free thinking.
C. It would provide true and objective information.
D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
4.The author takes novel reading as a way to ________.
A. explore a fantasy land
B. develop a passion for leaning
C. learn about the adult community
D. get away from a confusing world
