阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As countries and regions across the globe are left dealing 1. the coronavirus crisis, most people are not 2. (satisfy) with their leaders’ response to the outbreak, according to a new report.
Citizens from just 7 out of 23 countries and regions rate their governments’3. (measure) as broadly positive, 4. (base) on the “Global Crisis Perceptions” index. The research, 5. surveyed approximately 12,500 people across 23 countries and regions between April 3 and 19, 6. (ask) respondents to rate their countries and regions across four key indicators: political leadership, corporate leadership, community and media.
China ranked 7. (high) in the citizens’ survey, with a score of 85 out of 100. The world’s second-largest economy was followed by Vietnam (77), the United Arab Emirates (59) and India (59), in 8. list which saw Asian countries and regions take the top spots.
9. is surprising is that only one Western country — New Zealand (56) — scored higher than the global average of 45. Australia, the US, and all four western 10. (Europe) countries surveyed — Germany, the UK, Italy and France — all ranked below the global average.
If you could possess any three things, what would you want? Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate loves __ that question at nursing home in the Harrison. Even more amazing, she then __ to make the residents' wishes come true.
Ruby Kate has long been close to __ folks, since her mother, Amanda Chitsey, works at nursing homes in northwest Arkansas and she often __ with her. Last May, Ruby Kate noticed an old resident named Pearl staring out a window __as her dog was being led away by her new __ , since she was not able to __ to look after her with a small pension.
So Ruby Kate __ to do something about it and started by asking residents what three things they desire most. They simply requested for __ like chocolate bars, McDonald's fries, and even just a prayer. Using her __ money to change the situation, Ruby granted the __ of about 50 people in three months. Then she started appealing for __ .
The nice people of Harrison responded __ so much so that Amanda set up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby's residents, hoping to collect $ 5, 000. They __ their goal in a month. After GoFundMe promoting Ruby's __ internationally this past January, Three Wishes raised $ 20,000 in five months __ . With the money, Ruby was able to get more __ : One resident asked for a man cave, so Ruby came up with the novel idea to get him a tent and __ his fridge with snacks.
Earlier this year, “Three Wishes” became a nonprofit and launched its ___nationwide chapter. Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop here. “I consider __to be my hobby,” she says, “and I'm very good at it and I would like to pass this kind act on.”
1.A.sharing B.raising C.answering D.consulting
2.A.leaves out B.goes on C.sets out D.turns down
3.A.poor B.sick C.old D.young
4.A.gets on B.races down C.comes up D.tails along
5.A.sorrowfully B.optimistically C.hopefully D.firmly
6.A.nurse B.owner C.folk D.resident
7.A.expect B.arrange C.choose D.afford
8.A.refused B.continued C.decided D.stopped
9.A.money B.food C.pets D.items
10.A.collected B.own C.ease D.borrowed
11.A.wishes B.kindness C.friendship D.behaviors
12.A.relief B.sympathy C.donation D.assistance
13.A.sensitively B.seriously C.spiritually D.enthusiastically
14.A.changed B.set C.failed D.hit
15.A.question B.story C.website D.collection
16.A.obviously B.hardly C.consequently D.finally
17.A.excited B.devoted C.creative D.curious
18.A.stocked B.emptied C.sold D.bought
19.A.final B.first C.former D.continuous
20.A.kindness B.virtue C.treasure D.power
Take time off school, because your body will fight off the cold virus better if it is well rested. However, if you have to go, avoid close contact with your classmates.1. Meanwhile, wash your hands as frequently as possible. Nomsedating（非镇静的）allergy medicine, which you can buy from a chemist, can ease the problems of a runny nose and watery eyes.
As soon as you feel a cold coming on, drink plenty of liquid. Water or juice is ideal but hot herbal teas with lemon will help thin sticky substance and remove it from the body. A warm gargle with salt water will make your throat more comfortable by reducing the swelling. 2.
3. Breathing in steam over a bowl of hot water helps a lot, too. For a violent cough, the latest research suggests that honey, either straight from a jar or mixed with a hot drink, works as well if not better than costly sprays.
A good diet is also essential for a quick recovery, so start the day with a healthy breakfast including vitamin C in the form of fresh fruit. 4. For dinner, easily digested solid food is recommended, such as rice porridge made with vegetables or eggs.
5. It not only makes you physically stronger, but enhances your emotional well-being. Just remember not to attempt anything that requires a lot of effort or strength. Finally, to recharge your body and regain your strength, you need a full eight hours' sleep.
A.Besides, a little light exercise is beneficial as well.
B.As we know, the virus can be spread easily from one person to another.
C.The name “cold" came into use in the 16th century due to cold weather.
D.The warm air generated by a hot shower or bath will help clear blocked noses.
E.Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.
F.For lunch, chicken noodle soup is good since it helps block cells that cause coughing.
G.It also washes out bacteria and viruses so it can be used as a preventive measure as well.
Walls blanketed in moss(苔鲜)are popping up in major cities, along with promises that they can reduce air pollution—but can a few square metres of plant matter really deal with the smog?
A Berlin-based firm, Green City Solutions, believes so. Its moss walls, called the CityTree, are roughly 4 square metres in size. Armed with Wi-Fi sensors to monitor the health of moss, a City Tree functions autonomously and requires very little maintenance(维护). The wall collects rainwater, which is pumped through a built-in irrigation system to the plants, powered by solar energy. As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able to “eat” around 250 grams of particulate(颗粒) matter a day (nearly 90 kgs a year) and removes about 240 metric tons of CO2 annually. It also cools the surrounding air.
Aware that getting the surrounding air in contact with the moss wall is crucial for the CityTree to be effective, the inventors ensure that the location of each installation (安装) is chosen carefully. Spots where pollution is heavy due to traffic and where air flow is limited are picked. The importance of this step is explained by the fact that the waste gas from a car generally goes vertically a few kilometres into the air.
But this doesn’t mean moss walls will necessarily protect people from pollution. In the Netherlands, researchers found that eight walls installed in Amsterdam failed to reduce the concentration of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (N02). Their report concluded that even doubling the number of moss walls would do little to improve their effectiveness.
The CityTree is not meant for parks or to substitute for street trees, but to add greenery to concrete-heavy spaces where planting is not an option. It’s important to remember that street trees provide a whole host of other benefits, including shelter and habitat for urban wildlife, shade and cooling for people on the street, and reduction of urban heat islands.
1.What do we know about the CityTree?
A.It can absorb some air pollutants. B.It can irrigate other street plants.
C.It produces electricity to cool water. D.It is aimed at saving water in cities.
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The importance of CityTree.
B.The function of CityTree.
C.How to operate CityTree.
D.Where to place CityTree.
3.Why is the example of Amsterdam mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A.To show that CityTree can’t always work well.
B.To prove that CityTree can reduce air pollutants.
C.To emphasize the necessity of building moss walls.
D.To analyze the reasons for the failure of the program.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards replacing street trees with moss walls?
A.Ambiguous. B.Disapproving.
C.Supportive. D.Cautious.
From the cold Arctic to the African plains, every society seems to have some form of music as part of their culture. Music is so common and widespread that most people don’t even question it anymore. But until recently, there were researchers who doubted it: How could we know that music was really a part of all known societies?
Now, Harvard researchers, Samuer Mehr and Manvir Singh, have found further evidence to support the argument. They gathered music from different countries, media and time periods, and collected descriptions of many different pieces of music. Rather than focusing on music first and then looking at where it could be found, they started by studying a record of detailed descriptions of more than three hundred known global societies, and found that all of them have music as part of their culture.
To see if people could recognize the functions of songs from around the world, the researchers also created a listening experiment in which people tried to guess the behavioral context of a song. This went surprisingly well. Particularly music that was intended for dancing or to calm a baby were easy to recognize as either dance music or lullabies. Love songs were a bit more difficult to qualify, because they tend to be very diverse even within cultures.
This systematic study of connections sounds like the way that researchers in other fields would study biological patterns. “There’s a field known as cultural phylogenetics,” says Singh. Whereas biological characteristics are only received from parent to child, cultural characteristics (like music) are also shared between people of the same generation. That makes it much more difficult to figure out where the characteristic has come from.
“Finally,” Singh says, “We still don’t know why music developed gradually. Our study shows that humans everywhere share cognitive mechanisms (认知机制) that make certain sounds seem appropriate in particular contexts.”
1.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The fact that music is part of every culture.
B.The question whether music is widely spread.
C.The doubt whether further research has been done.
D.The idea that Africa and the Arctic have cool music.
2.What did Mehr and Singh do first?
A.They found out further evidence. B.They studied various societies.
C.They sought the origins of music. D.They focused mainly on music.
3.What’s the purpose of the listening experiment?
A.To comfort a baby. B.To pick out love songs.
C.To create a context. D.To tell functions of songs.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Music shapes societies in different cultures.
B.Global music shares common characteristics.
C.Musical systems display cultural differences.
D.Multi-culture is based on biological patterns.
Sharon Okpoe has lived her entire 17 years in Makoko, known as the world’s largest “floating slum (贫民窟)”, built on a lake in Lagos, Nigeria. Okpoe’s father is a fisherman, and her mother sells smoked fish.
As many as two-thirds of the city’s 21 million residents live in slums. “Most girls are trapped in a terrible cycle of poverty. Many of them are not thinking of education, a plan for the future,” Abisoye Ajayi-Akinfolarin, a computer programmer in Lagos, recalls. But several times a week, girls like Okpoe get a glimpse of another world when they attend GirlsCoding, a free program run by the Pearls Africa Foundation that seeks to educate and excite girls about computer programming. Since 2012, the group has helped more than 400 disadvantaged girls gain the technical skills and confidence they need to transform their lives.
It’s the vision of Ajayi-Akinfolarin, who left a successful career to devote herself to this work. She'd noticed how few women worked in this growing field-a 2013 government survey found that less than 8% of Nigerian women were employed in technology jobs. She wanted to fix the gender gap. “Technology is a space that’s dominated by men. Why should we leave that to guys?” she said. “I believe girls need opportunities.”
Now, dozens of girls aged 10 to 17 get trained in computer programming technology. “I believe you can still find diamonds in these places,” Ajayi-Akinfolarin said. “They need to be shown another life.” One way her program does this is by taking the students to visit tech companies — not only showing them what technology can do, but also helping them visualize themselves joining the industry.
Okpoe, for one, has taken this to heart. She helped create an app called Makoko Fresh that went live this summer, enabling fishermen like her father to sell seafood directly to customers. She even wants to become a software engineer and hopes to study computer science at Harvard. “One thing I want my girls to hold onto is, regardless of where they are coming from, that they can make it,” Ajayi said. “They are coders. They are thinkers. Their future is bright.”
1.What can we learn about GirlsCoding?
A.It encourages girls to land a job in education.
B.It offers Nigerian girls in need part-time jobs.
C.It helps girls working in Lagos to fight poverty.
D.It teaches girls in Makoko computer programming.
2.What did Ajayi-Akinfolarin say about the growing field in Paragraph 3?
A.Men could do far better in technology jobs.
B.Girls should get equal work opportunities.
C.Men normally got paid more than women.
D.Girls tended to devote themselves to work.
3.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Rebuilding the girls’ confidence.
B.Training the girls to find diamonds.
C.Presenting a different life to the girls.
D.Taking the girls to technology companies.
4.What can we infer about Okpoe from the last paragraph?
A.She got fishermen to benefit from her app.
B.She was admitted to Harvard University.
C.She took her father’s suggestion to heart.
D.She made some changes to computer science.
