Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls (缺失）in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modem language: happiness.
When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives，it is the word “happiness” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”.
What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable (易怒的）mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture, for it’s tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia.
The word encourages us to trust that many of life’s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke (激怒）and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we’ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.
With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We’ll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time: we're striving to do justice to our full human potential.
1.What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage?
A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers.
B.It has received a lot of attention from the public.
C.It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected.
D.It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.
2.According to Paragraph 3, happiness .
A.is the opposite of fulfillment
B.is free from physical or mental pain
C.stresses the psychological difference
D.serves as a respected and noble life goal
3.We can learn from the passage that .
A.aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blaming
B.goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness
C.challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking
D.feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations
4.The passage encourages the readers to .
A.find fulfillment with all efforts B.seek for a pain-free existence
C.keep optimistic whatever happens D.balance happiness and suffering
Recently, I was interviewed by a parenting magazine for a story it was running on eco-parenting (环保式育儿).
The reporter explained that it was expensive to be an eco-parent, with organic baby food and clothing to buy.
But I told her, “I’m sorry, but eco-parenting isn’t about buying ecologically-produced versions of products we think we may need. It’s about discovering what we don’t need.” I told the reporter about my daughter Sarah’s simple wish for a pink balloon on her birthday, but she felt that things would inevitably (不可避免地) change as Sarah grew up and adopted more materialistic desires.
I agreed that Sarah may not always be interested in such simple gifts as balloons, but I couldn’t agree that a birthday needs to be about materialistic desires. To me, a birthday is an opportunity to celebrate the life and the development of person. Do we need to see a table covered with gifts to know that our family and friends love us? Somewhere in our consumer culture, we’ve confused material items with expressions of love and gratitude.
My own birthday was just a few days ago. It came and went in the middle of a snow storm, and my birthday party was canceled. While my husband and I spent much of the day clearing the snow, Sarah made some little dolls for me.
And when we came in to rest, Ula climbed onto my lap and sang Happy Birthday. Throughout the day, my friends called to wish me a happy day, and my mother called, upset that she couldn’t visit.
Later, my husband apologized that he was unable to do anything special for me that day. “I had a fantastic birthday,” I replied, as thought of all the love I’d felt.
1.What does the author think eco-parents should do according to the article?
A.Buy organic foods and clothing for their kids.
B.Teach their kids to protect the environment.
C.Try to avoid buying useless things for their kids.
D.Allow their kids to make their own choices in life.
2.What does the author intend to express with Sarah’s story?
A.A pink balloon is the best birthday gift for girls.
B.Kids’ material desires will change as they grow up.
C.We don’t have to express our love with expensive gifts.
D.A birthday is a good occasion for us to seek new experiences.
3.Why did the author think that her birthday was fantastic?
A.Her husband did something special for her.
B.Many friends came and celebrated it with her.
C.She received meaningful gifts from her children.
D.She felt a lot of love from her family and friends.
How do I Book a Place on Airbnb?
When you book a place on Airbnb, you’re making arrangements to stay in someone’s home. Each host has their own style of hospitality, starting with how they like to get to know their guests. Some hosts want to approve reservations, while others are comfortable letting you book their place instantly without waiting for approval.
1. Complete Your Personal Details
In either case, it’s important to know that Airbnb is a community that relies on trust. Complete your personal details before you request a reservation with a host, so they can know a little bit about you when they confirm. Your personal details should include photos and verifications (身份证明), especially because some hosts require guests to have a profile photo and verified ID in order to book.
2. Find the Right Place
With over 800,000 unique listings around the world, you’ll want to make sure the place you choose has everything you need for a comfortable and memorable trip. When searching for a place, make sure to include your dates and number of guests to get the most accurate pricing. Read reviews, descriptions, house rules, and facilities for each place to see if it’s the right fit for your trip. You can always contact the host if you have any questions about their home.
3. Book It!
You’ve found the perfect place, and now it’s time to make it official. This is where the host’s preferred way of booking will determine how you’ll confirm your reservation.
● Instant Book
For hosts who don’t want to approve each reservation, you’ll see a button on their listing that says Instant Book. Like the name suggests, you can confirm a reservation at these places right away.
● Request to Book
Many hosts prefer to approve reservations before they’re final. In this case, you’ll see a button on their listing that says Request to Book. To submit a reservation request, you’ll need to enter your payment details. Hosts have 24 hours to accept your request, and your reservation is automatically confirmed once they do.
● Pre-approvals and Special Offers
If you decide to contact the host to ask questions before attempting to book, the host may respond to your message by inviting you to make a reservation with either a Pre-approval or a Special Offer. A Pre-approval is an invitation to finish booking for the dates and number of guests you noted in your message. A Special Offer gives the host the opportunity to provide special pricing, dates, and other reservation details before you book.
1.When filling in your personal information, you need to ________.
A.request a reservation with a host B.provide your proof of identity
C.ask for approval from the host D.trust the community where you live
2.To know the exact price, you should ________.
A.check the listings online in advance
B.confirm your dates and number of guests
C.contact the host to ask questions first
D.read previous reviews made by other users
3.If you click the Request to Book button, you can ________.
A.get some special discounts
B.receive Pre-approval message
C.get the approval immediately
D.know the result within a day
4.Where is the passage most probably from?
A.A travel magazine. B.A news report.
C.A shopping guide. D.A research paper.
假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Peter来信咨询如何把汉语学好。请你根据以下提示给他写一封建议信：（1）参加中文学习班；
（2）看中文书刊、电视；
（3）学唱中文歌曲；
（4）交中国朋友。
要求：
1. 词数不少于50；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.字迹工整；
4.电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改造句，请你修改你同桌写的以下句子。每句中只有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每句只许修改1处，每处错误及其修改均仅限一词，多者不计分。
1.I need more advices.
2.You can’t consider him a honest man.
3.He drove too fast, and the police stopped her and handed him a ticket.
4.The bad news made us feel sadly.
5.He made up his mind work hard.
6.He like collecting coins.
7.I clean up our classroom yesterday.
8.This is an amazed story.
9.Which one do you like to eat, apples and bananas?
10.Last week, I met a boy be called Li Ming in the library.
根据下列句子的中文意思或所给单词的首字母写出空缺单词。在填写答题卡时， 请写出完整单词的适当形式，每空限填一词。
1.The news completely ______ (使心烦)them.
2.Art was an ______ (表达) of his thoughts.
3.What’s your ______ (态度) towards his behaviour?
4.I felt as if my heart would ______ (爆发)with joy.
5.Students should take an ______ (积极的) part in after-class activities.
6.I have some ______ (怀疑) whether they will come here on time.
7.He was ______ (接纳) as a member of the Communist Youth League.
8.He made an ______ (申请) for the job last week.
9.More and more people have realized the ______ (重要性) of protecting wildlife.
10.We are ______ (自信的) that we will do better.
