阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, we will examine some 1. (use) no-cost things you can do before you study to help you improve your memory and learning. Three important ideas 2. (think) about before studying include exercise, study place and pre-study tests.
Before you study, doing cardiovascular exercise (有氧运动) may help you better remember what you learn. Violent exercise may be especially helpful. So far, researchers have suggested combining 3. two to get the best effects for your memory. The important idea is this: exercise 4. (be) good for your memory.
Where you study is also important for improving your learning. Researchers find that 5. (surround) play big part in how well people remember the words. Although 6. is good to have a desk or a special study area, some research suggests that changing where you study could help you remember 7. (much) of what you study.
Testing is good way of 8. (make) yourself remember new information. In 2018, researchers found that students who took a test before learning a new material did much better after studying the material. The students failed the test, but they were better able to remember the material than students who 9. (ask) only to read the information. So try to take a pre-study test. While you might not know the answer, you will probably be better able to learn and remember the answer when you study it 10. (late).
The coronavirus pandemic and the threat of a national lockdown have caused some people to buy essential supplies ________ until there’s ________ on grocery store shelves for anyone else. Not only is it ________ and inconsiderate, it also affects the age group that is most sensitive to the virus: the elderly. But there are plenty of people who’ve been helping the elderly with their ________, and also by offering them ________.
Helena Ellis ________ a Facebook post, saying that she saw an old man standing with an empty trolley (手推车) staring at empty shelves of bread. ________, she gave him one of the last two ________ that she had taken. She ________ other people to help out the elderly and spare them something that people could do ________. “In a time of madness and ________, please don’t forget those aged people,” Ellis wrote.
Liam Elkind, junior at Yale University enlisted (征募) over 1,300 volunteers to help deliver food and medicine to seniors. ________ themselves Invisible Hands, the group offers the elderly the ________ of filling out a delivery request form and having their shopping done.
Jayde Powell, another college student, ________ started a network of Shopping Angels to deliver groceries to the elderly in her area. “We’re doing this to try and ________ to people who are completely alone in this situation,” Powell told CNN.
Tonka, a ________ dog, is used to visiting his senior friends to give some “feel-good” at the nursing home in Texas. But when the nursing home ________ all visitors in an effort to protect its ________ from the spread of coronavirus, Tonka’s owner, Courtney Leigh, decided to ________ Tonka’s visits, just from outside the nursing home’s windows, holding a sign that ________ “We Miss You.”
1.A.in vain B.in panic C.in demand D.in surprise
2.A.nothing B.a little C.something D.a few
3.A.necessary B.careless C.critical D.selfish
4.A.family B.shopping C.company D.health
5.A.comfort B.respect C.mercy D.passion
6.A.put on B.put in C.put off D.put up
7.A.Desperate B.Undoubted C.Heartbroken D.Hopeless
8.A.trolleys B.shelves C.hotdog packs D.shopping lists
9.A.urged B.ordered C.inquired D.appealed
10.A.within B.without C.with D.out
11.A.wars B.Conflicts C.ruins D.chaos
12.A.Calling B.Called C.To Call D.Being Called
13.A.privilege B.option C.promise D.challenge
14.A.uniquely B.ultimately C.similarly D.surprisingly
15.A.find out B.look out C.reach out D.call out
16.A.therapy B.guide C.detection D.rescue
17.A.turned off B.turned out C.turned in D.turned down
18.A.residents B.guests C.immigrants D.families
19.A.postpone B.pause C.transmit D.continue
20.A.writes B.prints C.says D.speaks
We all go through times when we feel we are not good enough. We might feel that way at work or in school or even as a parent. Here are some things to remember when you feel like that.
1. When I started my Ph.D. program, I felt like the dumbest person in every class. I couldn’t believe how many smart people were there. I didn’t know if I could measure up to their intelligence or compete in the same league with them. Years later, I found out that almost everyone felt this way, too.
You are unique and have special talents. If you can barely make Hamburger Helper, don’t compare yourself to your sister who is a chef(厨师). I’m sure you can do many things that she can’t. 2. You are you. You are not your sister.
You need to stop chasing perfection. It doesn’t exist. What’s perfect to me is not perfect to you. So if you think that there is some objective measurement of perfection and that the rest of the world is judging you against, then you are wrong. 3.
4. Our sense of self-worth is based in our thoughts. We have been programmed for many years with thoughts about ourselves. Messages come from our parents, our peers, teachers, the media and our own labels. But guess what? They are only thoughts. Just because you think these thoughts, it doesn’t make them true. 5.
A. You need to change your thought patterns.
B. So focus on your own passions and talents.
C. You have the power to change your future.
D. You are not the only one who feels this way.
E. If you love yourself for who you are, other people will notice.
F. One of my favorite sayings is, ＂Don’t believe a negative thought you think!＂
G. Most people are too worried about their own lack of perfection to judge you.
It sounds almost too good to be true，but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them．
For the study，researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to subjects enjoying slow-wave sleep，a stage when a person has 1ittle consciousness of their environment．To ensure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that subjects may have had some contact with at some point in their waking lives，researchers made up totally nonexistent foreign words．
When the subjects woke up，they were presented with the made-up words again without their translations．The subjects were then asked to imagine whether this made-up word indicated an object that was either smaller or larger．This vague(模糊的)way of testing their understanding of the words is an approach that is supposed to tap into the unconscious memory．
Unbelievably，the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 percent higher than random chance．That’s not a rate high enough to have them suddenly communicating in a foreign tongue，but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level，even during sleep．
Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory，but previously its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation and organization of memories acquired during wakefulness．This is the first time that memory formation has been shown to be active during sleep．
In other words，our brains are listening to the world，and learning about it，even when our conscious selves are not present．
The next step for researchers will be to see if new information can be 1earned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep．If so，it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things．Sleep learning might become a widespread practice．
1.Why did researchers use some made-up words in the study?
A.To guarantee the accuracy of the test result．
B.To increase the difficulty of testing information．
C.To avoid the subjects cheating in the experiment．
D.To test if our brain are good at learning something new．
2.What were the subjects asked to do in the study?
A.Classify what they heard by size．
B.Make up a word to represent“large”or“small”．
C.Repeat the words they heard in the sleep．
D.Imagine the meanings of the made-up words．
3.What conclusion did researchers draw from this study?
A.Sleep is necessary for a good memory．
B.Memory formation goes on during sleep．
C.Listening during sleep is good for our brain．
D.Learning languages in sleep has better effects．
4.What will be the researchers’next plan?
A.To train people how to learn during sleep．
B.To prove the existence of unconscious memory．
C.To dig out the reason for unconscious learning．
D.To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning．
Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls (缺失）in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modem language: happiness.
When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives，it is the word “happiness” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”.
What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable (易怒的）mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture, for it’s tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia.
The word encourages us to trust that many of life’s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke (激怒）and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we’ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.
With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We’ll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time: we're striving to do justice to our full human potential.
1.What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage?
A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers.
B.It has received a lot of attention from the public.
C.It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected.
D.It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.
2.According to Paragraph 3, happiness .
A.is the opposite of fulfillment
B.is free from physical or mental pain
C.stresses the psychological difference
D.serves as a respected and noble life goal
3.We can learn from the passage that .
A.aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blaming
B.goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness
C.challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking
D.feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations
4.The passage encourages the readers to .
A.find fulfillment with all efforts B.seek for a pain-free existence
C.keep optimistic whatever happens D.balance happiness and suffering
Recently, I was interviewed by a parenting magazine for a story it was running on eco-parenting (环保式育儿).
The reporter explained that it was expensive to be an eco-parent, with organic baby food and clothing to buy.
But I told her, “I’m sorry, but eco-parenting isn’t about buying ecologically-produced versions of products we think we may need. It’s about discovering what we don’t need.” I told the reporter about my daughter Sarah’s simple wish for a pink balloon on her birthday, but she felt that things would inevitably (不可避免地) change as Sarah grew up and adopted more materialistic desires.
I agreed that Sarah may not always be interested in such simple gifts as balloons, but I couldn’t agree that a birthday needs to be about materialistic desires. To me, a birthday is an opportunity to celebrate the life and the development of person. Do we need to see a table covered with gifts to know that our family and friends love us? Somewhere in our consumer culture, we’ve confused material items with expressions of love and gratitude.
My own birthday was just a few days ago. It came and went in the middle of a snow storm, and my birthday party was canceled. While my husband and I spent much of the day clearing the snow, Sarah made some little dolls for me.
And when we came in to rest, Ula climbed onto my lap and sang Happy Birthday. Throughout the day, my friends called to wish me a happy day, and my mother called, upset that she couldn’t visit.
Later, my husband apologized that he was unable to do anything special for me that day. “I had a fantastic birthday,” I replied, as thought of all the love I’d felt.
1.What does the author think eco-parents should do according to the article?
A.Buy organic foods and clothing for their kids.
B.Teach their kids to protect the environment.
C.Try to avoid buying useless things for their kids.
D.Allow their kids to make their own choices in life.
2.What does the author intend to express with Sarah’s story?
A.A pink balloon is the best birthday gift for girls.
B.Kids’ material desires will change as they grow up.
C.We don’t have to express our love with expensive gifts.
D.A birthday is a good occasion for us to seek new experiences.
3.Why did the author think that her birthday was fantastic?
A.Her husband did something special for her.
B.Many friends came and celebrated it with her.
C.She received meaningful gifts from her children.
D.She felt a lot of love from her family and friends.
