The study, published today in the journal PLOS Biology shows that the average body size and number of sharks and other marine predators—vital to maintaining healthy ocean ecosystems—fell significantly near cities with more than 10,000 people and associated fishing boats.
The minimum distance from people and fishing which had no measurable effect was 1,250 kilometers. This is far further than previous studies have suggested and probably reflects the increased distances fishing boats can now travel. As a result, sharks were only observed at 12% of sites monitored.
Lead author Dr. Tom Letessier said, ''Human activity is now the biggest influence on sharks' distribution. Just 13% of the world's oceans can be considered 'wilderness' but sharks and other predators are much more common and significantly larger at distances greater than 1,250 kilometers from people. This suggests that large marine predators are generally unable to thrive near to people and is another clear example of the impact of human overuse on our seas. ''
To collect their data, the team analyzed videos taken at 1,041 sites across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, selected to test the biggest possible range of conditions and habitats. Sharks and other free-swimming predators were studied using cameras attached cannisters(炮筒)filled with bait. In total, the team recorded 23,200 animals representing 109 species. These included 841 individual sharks from 19 different species.
Dr. Letessier added, ''Our study also found that shallower water environment, of depths less than 500 meters, were vital for marine predator diversity. We therefore need to identify sites that are both shallow and remote and protect them. However, there are still numerous shallow hot spots near human markets that are not appropriately protected, and this must change. ''
1.According to the study, what happened to sharks and other marine predators?
A.They became less important for keeping healthy ocean ecosystems.
B.They only lived near cities with 10,000 people.
C.They loved swimming after fishing boats.
D.Their average body size and number decreased sharply.
2.Which of the following statements may Dr. Tom Letessier agree with?
A.Large marine predators can grow well near people.
B.People shouldn't disturb the sea and sea animals.
C.Sharks’ distribution was mainly affected by human activity.
D.Other ecological factors have no impact on sharks’ distribution.
3.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?
A.Introduce a new topic for readers.
B.Introduce the study means used by the team.
C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
D.Collect data about sharks and other predators.
4.What can we infer about the perfect environment for marine predator diversity?
A.It should be deeper than 500 meters.
B.It should be spots that are hot enough.
C.It should be shallower and away from humans.
D.It should be spots changed from human markets.
The Little Baby Face Foundation（LBFF）is an NYC-based nonprofit organization with a great deal of controversy. Founded in 2002, it provides free plastic surgery for children born with facial deformities（畸形）. Many teenagers who have been teased for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas “fixed” by LBFF.
Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the knife. Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said. Those comments hurt her a lot. She even considered how to end her own life.
But Nadia tried to keep the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical bills for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally find out about the bullying, she was heartbroken.
Nadia decided to end her bullying problems with plastic surgery. Then her mother turned to the LBFF, which accepted Nadia’s application. The surgeries were very painful and it took months for her face to heal, but she did manage to return to school with a new face, a face she was finally proud of.
Nadia’s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those extremes just because they are being bullied?
Experts warn if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong message. By surgically changing the victim of a bully, it is as if you support the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those names he or she has been called. It is like saying to teenagers: “Yes, there is something wrong with you, and you should get it fixed!”
1.What did Nadia think of her school life in the past?
A.Busy. B.Exciting.
C.Miserable. D.Ordinary.
2.Why did Nadia keep the secret from her mother?
A.Her mother had heart disease. B.She didn’t want to burden her.
C.Her mother was afraid of being bullied. D.She didn’t know how to share it with her.
3.Why does the author say plastic surgery can send the wrong message?
A.It may let bullies feel they are right. B.It may become popular among teens.
C.It may damage the name of the LBFF. D.It may change victims into bullies.
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A.Why many teenagers are being teased?
B.Is plastic surgery the answer to bullying?
C.Why surgery helps overcome emotional pain?
D.Should we pay more attention to appearance?
One day, the sewer line（污水管道）under my house burst. My first response was to call the plumber, but when he heard what had happened, he said he couldn’t help. “We don’t do that,” he said, as if to suggest that even plumbers have their dignity. He did, however, recommend someone. I made the call, expecting the man to complain at such a miserable job. Instead, he simply asked, “The address?”
2And that was it. An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck. I watched as he walked down into the damp depths. A few moments later he appeared, saying, “Yes. It’s broken.”
“Can you fix it?” I asked with a strange mixture of doubt and hope.
3Steve looked at me strangely as if rebuking my lack of faith, and then said, “Sure.” Then he told me that he had to get a backhoe（反铲挖土机）and dig up the street to the main sewer line.
I showed appropriate panic. “How long will all this take?”
“I should have it done by evening.”
4I didn’t want to watch the excavation（挖掘） of my property unfold. All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere, and, upon my return, have everything the way it was before the damage.
5I felt somewhat guilty upon driving off in my clean car, leaving Steve to such a disagreeable task. I went into town and visited a few friends. Eventually, around 6 p.m., my curiosity got the better of me. I went home, and a sweeter sight I never saw: a patch of newly-paved street and a covered-up excavation across my front garden. I opened the basement door and—all was tidy and relatively dry.
6I sat down on the back garden, lost in thought. I was taken by the very idea that, whatever crisis might happen to an unlucky homeowner, there is somebody, somewhere, who is practiced in its resolution. If that’s not reason for thankfulness, I’m not sure what is.
1.Why did the first plumber reject the author’s request?
A.He wanted to protect his dignity. B.He was inexperienced in the job.
C.He had another urgent task to do. D.He thought the job was unpleasant.
2.What does the underlined word “rebuking” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Admiring. B.Blaming.
C.Accepting. D.Neglecting.
3.What caused the author to feel upset?
A.The fear of Stevens refusal. B.The pressure of having to go out.
C.The difficulty of the repair work. D.The effects of the broken sewer line.
4.What was the author’s purpose of going into town?
A.To remove his negative emotions. B.To avoid doing the excavation work.
C.To visit a couple of friends. D.To satisfy his own curiosity.
Do you want to go to Spain to experience its festivals in spring? If you do, here are some that are worth experiencing.
15-19 March: Las Fallas Festival, valencia
Huge cardboard, wood, and plaster statues are made into the shape of traditional figures or even modern cultural figures like Shrek and former American President Obama. The creations are on display all over the city before being burned in one of the many bonfires, which takes place among much partying.
23 April: Saint George Festival, Barcelona
Sant Jordi, or St George, is the patron saint of Catalonia (as well as England and about 10 other countries and regions). But St George's Day in Barcelona is also the city's version of Valentine's Day when romance sweeps the city. The tradition is for the man to give his lady a rose in return for a book.
30 April to 7 May: Feria de Sevilla, Seville
Spring Fair, the Feria, is a joyful festival with masses of food, drink, music and dancing. To the west of the city a huge area is given over to the creating a small ''town'' of tents for drinking, eating and socializing. Most of the tents are private and invitation only but there are seven public ones.
Mid-May: Fiesta de San Isidro, Madrid
It's Madrid's largest festival. Music and dancing is everywhere with Latin rhythms happening at concerts all over the city. The festival starts with a grand procession of giants, followed by an opening speech in the Plaza Mayor. Over the next few days, entertainment takes over the city's public spaces.
1.What do we know about Las Fallas Festival?
A.Statues are burned during the party. B.American President displays his statues.
C.It is held to burn things for good luck. D.People only party at home with bonfires.
2.What do men do on St George's Day?
A.Give their girls a book as a gift. B.Join a grand procession of giants.
C.Express their love to their lovers. D.Pray to St George for a happy marriage.
3.When should you go if you want to try different foods and drinks at a festival in Spain?
A.On 23 April. B.On 15 March.
C.In the middle of May. D.At the beginning of May.
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Gramma Goodie visits her grandkids every Sunday afternoon. Every visit starts the same. First she rings the doorbell. Then Chris jumps down the stairs. Jamie runs to open the door. And every time, Gramma Goodie has gifts. But the kids never know what she'll bring.
Sometimes it's something you need, like socks or underwear. Sometimes it's movie tickets or a giant teddy bear. It could be a kite or a stuffed (填充的) baby kangaroo. It could be a lollipop (棒棒糖) that turns your tongue blue.
Well, one Sunday, Gramma rang the doorbell. Chris hurried down the stairs. And Jamie threw open the door.
''Hello, my darlings'', Gramma Goodie said with a smile. ''Look what I have for you. '' She pulled out a pack of cards, and they played ''Go fish'' all afternoon. At the end of the day, Gramma gave everyone kisses. Then she said her good-byes.
As she drove away, Chris and Jamie heard their parents talking. They said that Gramma Goodie's birthday was next Sunday. They were going to plan a special dinner and bake a delicious cake for her birthday surprise.
''Gramma Goodie has a birthday?'' they thought. Both were a little puzzled. Grown- ups have birthdays? Who in the world knew?
''Well, we have to get her a gift, '' Jamie decided.
''But what?'' asked Chris. ''Gramma Goodie has almost EVERYTHING! ''
Jamie thought about scarves and flowers. But Gramma had plenty of scarves and a huge rose garden. Chris thought about books, pillows and photo albums. A diary? She had one. An umbrella? She had that too. A radio? There is one in her kitchen. Oh, what would Chris and Jamie do? They spent all week thinking.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已经为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
On Sunday, the doorbell rang.
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Paragraph 2:
''What's this? '' asked Gramma Goodie.
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假定你是李华，受疫情（pandemic）影响，学校美术俱乐部的活动不能在原教室进行，改为上一节网课。请写信通知你的英国同学Peter。内容包括：
1.上课时间：7月21日上午9:00-10:00；
2.登录软件：DingTalk App；
3.内容：卡通画；
4.课前准备。
注意：1.词数80左右：
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
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Yours,
Li Hua
