Eating a big breakfast could help you burn double the amount of calories than if you eat a larger meal at dinner.
It could be the key to losing weight while also keeping blood sugar levels steady, researchers at Lübeck University in Germany said. Their study found filling up in the morning boosts a metabolism (新陈代谢) process known as diet-induced thermogenesis(DIT). DIT refers to the number of calories the body expends to heat the body and digest food. It was shown to be twice as high for those who ate more at breakfast than at dinner. On the other hand, a low-calorie breakfast increases appetite(食欲), especially for sweets, the researchers admitted.
The findings published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism were based on a laboratory experiment of 16 men. They consumed a low and high calorie breakfast and dinner one day—and then vice versa (反过来) on another. The study also showed increases in blood sugar and insulin concentrations, caused by eating a meal, was reduced after breakfast, but not so much after dinner. The results also showed eating a low-calorie breakfast caused sweet desires with a higher appetite. This suggests those saving all their calories for the end of the day may face consequences because they snack more.
The study adds to increasing evidence that the best way of losing weight is to eat your largest meal in the morning—and your smallest in the evening. Dr Richter, a neurobiologist at Lübeck University, said, “Eating more at breakfast instead of dinner could prevent obesity(肥胖) and high blood sugar.” Both obesity and high blood sugar can lead to many life-threatening illnesses including cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous research has shown DIT is lower in people with obesity. It’s seen as a measure of how well our metabolism is working.
DIT can differ depending on mealtime and is generally slower in the evening and at night due to our body clocks. Dr Richter said, “We recommend that patients with obesity as well as healthy people eat a large breakfast rather than a large dinner to reduce body weight and prevent metabolic diseases.”
Professor Daniela Jakubowicz, author of The Big Breakfast Diet, found that those who piled on the calories in the morning were more likely to feel satisfied, preventing snacking throughout the day. And another study by Professor Jakubowicz found that eating chocolate in the morning, when our metabolism is at its highest, prevented desires for sweet things later on.
1.We can learn from the passage that DIT ________
A.is usually slower in the evening than during the daytime.
B.refers to the number of calories needed to heat the body.
C.has been found by the researchers in a Germany university .
D.may become twice lower when people eat a big breakfast.
2.According to the study, eating a high-calorie breakfast can ______.
A.cause diabetes B.lead to obesity
C.keep appetite D.lower blood sugar
3.What are the findings of the study conducted by the researchers at Lübeck University based on?
A.The observation of blood sugar changes.
B.Basic theories about diet-induced thermogenesis.
C.The data collected from a laboratory experiment.
D.Different experiments on people with different appetite.
4.What’s the best title for the text?
A.DIT: lower in the morning or evening? B.A low or high calorie dinner
C.A big breakfast, or a large dinner? D.Less calories, better health
There are times when I leave for my running-group sessions with little enthusiasm. It might be because I’m tired, or stressed, or don’t want to leave something else. But I’m the coach, so I can’t choose to give it a miss.
It was yet another cold, dark, wet evening and I wasn’t feeling the love as I gathered all the necessary equipment. No one in their right mind will come out in this weather, I thought. But when I turned into the car park, my headlights picked out runners making a dash through the rain to our meeting point, where others were already working out to stay warm, with chat, laughter and hugs. They, too, I realized, might be tired, stressed or busy. But, unlike me, they had a choice about whether to come running or stay at home. And that makes their decision to come---and to keep on coming---more encouraging. Then, I went home from the run feeling better than when I’d arrived.
I believe one of the strongest motivations(激励；动机) behind these runners’ decisions to come along is being part of a group. Belonging to a running community makes running greater than running itself. It’s no longer just a workout; it’s a get-together with friends, a laugh and a shared experience. It provides a chance to share your success and disappointments, to be congratulated and comforted, and, just as important, to congratulate and comfort others.
Research has long shown the possibility of staying motivated is higher when exercise takes place in a group. The reasons are many. A study at the University of Southern California found people enjoy physical activity more when they are with others and are more likely to keep it up over the long term. And research by Strava in 2017 found running in a group made runners go faster and further. Using data from 90 million runs taking place all over the world, Strava found that the average pace of runs taking place in a group was seven seconds per mile quicker than solo runs, and the distance covered was an average of 1.3 miles further.
I joke about people being more motivated to come to my running sessions by the tea and biscuits afterwards than by the running itself. It might be true, but it doesn’t matter. Those laughter-filled minutes are every bit as important as the running in between.
1.What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.The coach was always enthusiastic.
B.The coach was never discouraged.
C.The coach was sometimes unwilling.
D.The coach was often worn out.
2.Why is being part of a group most motivational?
A.It needs a coach who can offer help.
B.It frees runners from boring daily work.
C.It helps members to beat their records.
D.It creates space for their communication.
3.That being in a group improves performance is proven by _______ .
A.taking a typical example B.performing an experiment
C.listing accurate data D.sharing his experiences
4.Tea and biscuits in running sessions are meant to _________ .
A.attract more runners from other groups
B.build up some strength before running
C.make his running group stand out of all
D.add more life to their running experience
When I awoke, it was morning. I tried to stand up, but I could not move.
At first, I thought that yesterday’s dangers had made my body too weak and too tired to move. Then, suddenly, I heard some very strange noises. As I listened, I heard the sounds of people around me, but I could see no one. “So I am not alone here! Thank God!” I thought. I tried to turn my head, but I could not move it in any direction. I turned my eyes down to look at my body and saw that I had been tied down to the ground with hundreds of small ropes.
Just at that moment, I felt something moving up my leg. It was small and light and I thought that perhaps it was a small animal like a mouse or something. I felt the thing touch my chin and looked down to see what sort of animal was climbing on me.
I had never been as shocked in my life as I was at that moment. Standing on my chest was a tiny person! The little man stood on my chest, pulled out a tiny sword, and pointed it at my head. As I stared at him in surprise, the little man shouted something in a strange language. “Hekinah degu!” he said. I had no idea what this meant, but I guessed that it was not a friendly greeting.
I did not know what to do, but I wanted to get free from the ropes. I moved my body back and forth, trying to break the ropes. When I freed my left arm, the little people began to shout loudly. Quickly, I used my arm to pull off the ropes that held my head to the ground.
A moment later, hundreds of small arrows flew through the air and hit my hands and face. They felt like tiny needles in my skin. I shouted in pain and raised my hands to cover my face. Many small men jumped onto my body and began to attack me with their swords. I guessed they were angry. I was trying to escape from them, so I decided the best thing to do was put my hands down and lie quietly. (Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels)
1.How did Gulliver feel when hearing sounds of people around him?
A.Frightened B.Dangerous C.Disappointed D.Delighted
2.Why couldn’t Gulliver move when he woke up?
A.He was too tired and too weak.
B.Someone tied him to the ground.
C.He sank in thought after awaking.
D.Strange voices caught his attention.
3.What does Paras 4&5 mainly tell us?
A.Gulliver’s words caused the tiny men’s anger.
B.Gulliver managed to defeat the tiny men again.
C.They failed to communicate well with each other.
D.Neither of them was willing to reach an agreement.
4.What can be learned from the underlined sentence in Para 6?
A.He was afraid of the tiny men’s second attack and decided to lie still.
B.He wanted to calm the tiny men down and waited for another chance.
C.He was tired after fighting against the tiny men and wanted to have a rest.
D.He got a better understanding of his present situation and gave up at last.
The following are some of the most unique celebrations from all around the world.
Songkran—Thailand
If you’re in Thailand between April 13th and 15th, get ready for the world’s biggest water fight. The celebration marks the beginning of the Thai New Year, where cleansing with water is meant to purify and renew. In Bangkok or Chang Mai, the water fights can last up to six days. While this is the most popular activity, Songkran is also a time when people visit elders and monks to pay their respects to the New Year.
La Batalla del Vino—Haro, Spain
June 29th is a good day to visit Haro, Spain. Bring a bottle of red wine and prepare to be drenched (湿透) in red wine in the heart of Spain’s grape-growing region. After a church ceremony, a large number of people get gathered for the battle, where white shirts will be made bright purple by the end of the day.
Bay to Breakers—San Francisco, California
Created after the terrible 1906 earthquake as a way of lifting people’s spirits, the race has become one of the region’s most important events. Hosted every year on the third Sunday of May, the race runs approximately 12km through the city. The real highlight, however, is the thousands of people dressed up in a show. Wear whatever you want: Batman suits, purple wigs (假发)...
Koninginnedag—The Netherlands
Although their Queen’s birthday is actually during the winter, she celebrates it on April 30—the country’s official “Queen’s Day” since 1949. Orange is the national color, and the streets become a sea of shining wigs and body paints, as crowds gather in the squares. Amsterdam is the center of this outdoor party, but nearly every town is alive with orange on this day.
1.If a tourist enjoys water sports most, we can recommend _____________.
A.Songkran B.La Batalla del Vino
C.Bay to Breakers D.Koninginnedag
2.What can we learn about Bay to Breakers?
A.The race began hundreds of years ago.
B.The most exciting part is the 12km race.
C.It’s celebrated by people all over the country.
D.It was to encourage people after the disaster.
3.According to the passage, on Koninginnedag ___________.
A.people should wear formal clothes
B.people should get together at home
C.people attend the church ceremony
D.people can paint themselves orange
假设你是李华，学校广播站英语广角招聘广播员，你感觉这是一次很好的锻炼机会。请写一封自荐信，包括以下要点：
1.个人简介；2.英语水平；3.期望回信。
注意：1.词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节,使行文流畅。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to you in response to the position advertised for an announcer
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限-词；2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
It was 10 o’clock the last night. I was about to go to bed while the telephone rang. It was my classmate Mike. He asks me to help him with his homeworks, which was to learn the text of Lesson 5 by heart. My God, he had left her textbook in the school! I read the text sentence with sentence over the phone, but that he could write it down. I spent an hour finished that. He was deeply thankfully to me. I had a dream during the night, in which I was able send Mike the text of Lesson 5 through a computer!
