In some places around the world, you can find bright green balls of moss ( 苔藓 ) scattered across glaciers, which, surprisingly, move all at about the same speeds and in the same directions.
The glacier moss balls are commonly called “glacier mice”, and were the subject of a recent study published online in Polar Biology this month. The study’s authors believe that they develop from impurities ( 杂质 ) on ice surfaces. “They’re not attached ( 黏附 ) to anything and they’re just resting there on ice,” said one of the authors. “They’re bright green in a world of white.”
The moss balls don’t stay at rest for long, though. They moved about 2.5 centimeters per day on average. Another one of the study’s authors pointed out that movement is a necessity for the glacier moss balls because the entire surface of the ball must occasionally get exposed to the sun. “These things must actually roll around or else that moss on the bottom would die,” she said.
Glacier mice have ever been spotted in Alaska, Iceland, Svalbard and South America, but scientists still have a lot to learn about them.
One of the biggest questions is why the moss balls, which can live for at least six years, move the way they do. The researchers tried to explain this strange phenomenon in many ways.
First, they thought the balls had rolled downhill, but later found that they weren’t going down a slope ( 斜坡 ). Then, they thought the wind was blowing them in consistent directions. But when they measured the dominant direction of the wind, that didn’t explain it either. And finally, they considered the sun, which melts the ice and may make the moss balls move, but the direction of incoming solar radiation wasn’t in the direction which the balls were going in. Still confused with this problem, the researchers said that they hope that one day, future generations will “get to the bottom of these great mysteries”.
1.What interests the researchers most?
A.The discovery of glacier mice.
B.The development of impurities.
C.The distribution of glacier moss.
D.The movement of glacier moss balls.
2.Which of the following is TRUE about Glacier mice?
A.They can move fast.
B.They are attached to ice.
C.They move so as to keep alive.
D.They move from other places to glaciers.
3.How does the author explain the unusual way the glacier mice move?
A.By drawing maps and making analysis.
B.By making assumptions and doing research.
C.By doing experiments and presenting reports.
D.By making comparison and setting down general rules
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Wind blows Glacier mice to move.
B.The direction of sunlight helps Glacier mice.
C.Scientists leave these mysteries to future generations.
D.It remains a puzzle why the glacier moss balls move in this way.
China’s domestically ( 国内 ) developed Beidou Navigation Satellite System has been widely used in many public sectors and business fields at home and abroad.
Beidou has been used in dozens of business and public sector fields ( 公共部门领域 ) in China, including transportation, electric power transmission, fisheries, mining and agriculture.
Tens of millions of Beidou-based terminal （终端） devices have been sold and are in use. By the end of 2019, more than 100 million Beidou-based navigation chips, modules and other products had been sold. The system had by then been fixed in nearly 6.6 million taxis, buses and trucks around China as well as more than 70,000 fishing ships across the country. Beidou-enabled functions are also used in at least 50,000 agricultural machines and have improved their operational efficiency. More than 70 percent of mobile phones registered in China are capable of utilizing Beidou signals. In the public security field, more than 400,000 portable terminals used by the police across the country have Beidou-enabled positioning functions. Beidou has also played important roles in security work for high-level events.
Globally, by the end of 2019, Chinese products based on Beidou had been sold to more than 120 foreign countries and regions, playing a helpful role in a number of public sector fields. For instance, Beidou has helped Russia improve its electric grid inspections ( 电网检测 ), made operations more convenient for unmanned aircraft users in Cambodia, and promoted management efficiency of many warehouses in Thailand and construction work in Kuwait.
1.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “utilizing” in Paragraph 2?
A.transforming B.using C.passing D.strengthening
2.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Beidou System’s navigation is accessible.
B.Beidou System’s positioning services vary in quality.
C.Beidou System’s applications spread around the globe.
D.Beidou System’s operational efficiency improves rapidly.
3.In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?
A.Technology B.Education C.Travel D.Society
Dr Almeida left school at 16 with little formal education but got a job as a laboratory technician in histopathology ( 组织病理学 ) at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Later she moved to London to further her career and in 1954 married Enriques Almeida, an artist.
The couple and their young daughter moved to Toronto in Canada and it was at the Ontario Cancer Institute that Dr Almeida developed her outstanding skills with an electron microscope.
She pioneered a method which better visualized ( 成像 ) viruses by using antibodies to gather them. Her talents were recognized in the UK and she was invited to work at St Thomas’s Hospital Medical School in London.
On her return, she began to cooperate with Dr David Tyrrell. Dr Tyrrell and his team were able to grow quite a few common cold-associated viruses. One sample, known as B814, was discovered in 1960. They found that they were able to transmit ( 传染 ) common cold symptoms to volunteers but they were unable to grow it in routine cell culture ( 细胞培养 ). However, volunteer studies showed its growth in organ cultures ( 器官培养 ). Dr Tyrrell wondered if it could be seen by an electron microscope. They sent samples to Almeida who found that they were like flu viruses but not exactly the same. She identified what became known as the first human coronavirus ( 冠状病毒 ).
Dr Almeida had actually seen particles ( 微粒 ) like this before while investigating viruses in mice and chickens. However, when she sent her paper about this discovery to a medical journal, it was rejected. It was two years later that the first photographs of the virus she had seen were published in Journal of General Virology. It was named coronavirus because of the crown surrounding it on the viral image.
1.Why did Dr Almeida return to work in the UK ?
A.Because her family did not like Toronto.
B.Because the UK appreciated her talents.
C.Because she bettered an electron microscope.
D.Because she was the first one to visualize viruses.
2.What can we know about B814?
A.It could be grown in routine cell culture.
B.It was unable to develop in organ cultures.
C.It’s exactly the same with influenza viruses.
D.It was identified as the first human coronavirus.
3.What can we connect with the name “coronavirus”?
A.Its viral image.
B.Its deadly power.
C.It original sample.
D.Its first appearance.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
David Aguilar is a boy born without his right arm. Because of that, Aguilar has always stood out from the persons at the same age. As a child, he was very nervous to be in front of other guys, because he thought that he was different. While growing up, Aguilar had to learn how to do everything with just one hand. Although he was able to do almost everything people with two hands can do, Aguilar explained that he still thought about getting a prosthetic hand (假肢) throughout his childhood just so that he could look a little bit more normal and fit in with everyone else.
When Aguilar told his parents that those arms were cool because they were mechanical (机械的) and could make you look like a robot, his parents began thinking about buying a prosthetic arm for Aguilar. However, when Aguilar' s parents started looking into getting their son a prosthetic hand, they discovered how expensive it was. And they couldn't afford to buy one for their son.
Yet when Aguilar was playing with his Lego (乐高) at the age of nine years old, he started experimenting with building his own prosthetic arm. He didn't know it at the time, but his favorite toy was about to change the way he viewed himself as well as change the course of his life. At first, he just wanted to create something that could help him and be part of him. As he linked the blocks together around his arm, he just started making this prosthetic from Lego. When Aguilar looked at himself in the mirror for the first time with his Lego prosthetic, he was amazed by what he saw.
However, the arm wasn't the most strong and would often bend and break if he tried to do any heavy lifting with it. So almost ten years later, Aguilar set out to build himself a new prosthetic arm and he hoped to help more people who didn't have enough money to buy prosthetic hands. One day, one of his dad's friends gave him a Lego plane as a gift, but all he saw was an arm.
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假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom最近因不适应上网课而感到焦虑。他了解到你最近也在上网课，来信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.表达你的同感；
2.网课的优势；
3.具体调整建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头与结尾已给出，不计人总词数。
Dear Tom,
Thanks for your letter. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
My parents were so proud of me, especially of something I accomplished. This is one of my happiest memories and, sadly, also the _______ I have of my parents. They _______ in one evening when some drunken men crashed their car into them.
From then on, I was _______. I missed them greatly, but_______surprisingly well on my own. If they were alive, they would be most _______ of the moment I met my best friend, Eliza Jones. I'm also most proud of that _______
It was a June evening. I was seventeen years old and sitting on a tree branch, listening to the music the water created under the bridge. Just then I noticed a(n) _______ appear on the bridge. Suddenly it stopped on the top of the bridge and _______ to the river.
I _______ up and launched myself at the falling figure. I had never swum at this ________. I had to catch it; ________ I would never forgive myself. I swam faster and faster and ________ the figure. I laid the person on the riverbank and found it was a girl, about my age. She asked me why I tried to ________ her. I said I couldn't just watch someone didn't ________ her life. Then we talked and I found we both liked to read about fairies.
She told me she was a writer who wanted to travel around the world and write amazing fantasy novels. I was glad she had a target for the future. I said, ''Tomorrow morning the sun will rise, bringing with it the ________ of another start. '' And she promised she would continue living well. After that I had a fond memory of the bridge.
1.A.easiest B.longest C.deepest D.last
2.A.died B.escaped C.returned D.married
3.A.stubborn B.nervous C.unaccompanied D.impatient
4.A.travelled B.played C.changed D.managed
5.A.frightened B.proud C.aware D.confident
6.A.moment B.advice C.achievement D.dream
7.A.accident B.poster C.pattern D.figure
8.A.referred B.jumped C.turned D.pointed
9.A.turned B.spoke C.shot D.woke
10.A.atmosphere B.speed C.length D.chance
11.A.otherwise B.instead C.however D.besides
12.A.created B.discovered C.grasped D.abandoned
13.A.rescue B.remember C.support D.suspect
14.A.review B.treasure C.check D.choose
15.A.background B.operation C.appointment D.promise
