The population of Thailand is 69 million with 5. 7 million farms with an average farm size of 3. 15 hectares （公顷）.Agriculture is of importance to Thailand’s income, and more than 60% of the total population is involved in agriculture.
Chemical fertilizers play an important role in raising agricultural productivity. But they also worsen soil quality. Gradually, the amount of farmland fit for agriculture is reduced. The use of chemical fertilizers in Thailand increased from 2. 3 million tons in 2000 to 5. 0 million tons in 2015, which cost about 1835 million US dollars. About 42% of the fertilizer was used for 10. 4 million hectares in the wet and dry season. Due to the oil shock in 2008, the price of fertilizers greatly increased. As a result, the Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives issued a policy to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.
The management of using fertilizers became very important, especially for economic reasons. The NPK fertilizer suggestions for most crops got from field experiments could not be used for crops in other locations where the climate, soil type, crop strain （品种）,and management were different.
To reduce production costs and increase crops yield （产量）in small farms, the country has spread the Site-specific Nutrient Management technology, which is known in Thailand as the Tailor-made Fertilizer Technology （TFT） and it is useful. Importantly, it’s not harmful to the farmland.
1.What can we learn about Thailand from paragraph 1?
A.It has about 30 million farmers.
B.40% of people in it are farmers.
C.Agriculture is important to its economy.
D.Its farms take up 60% of its land.
2.Using chemical fertilizers can ________.
A.cut down on production costs
B.influence the quality of farmland
C.reduce the soil testing for farmers’ practices
D.increase the amount of farmland suitable for agriculture
3.What’s the author’s attitude towards the TFT technology?
A.Supporting. B.Doubtful. C.Unconcerned. D.Worried.
4.What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?
A.Chemical fertilizers do damage to farmland.
B.Farmers do not care about farmland protection.
C.Thailand spread TFT to manage the use of fertilizers.
D.TFT makes Thailand’s crop yields reduced.
Audiences who are present at music festivals often do not think about the work behind the scenes. There are many factors （因素）when organizers want to create a successful festival of any type. They have to make efforts to organize the music festival. They must spend a large amount of money bringing in popular artists, and the event must have excellent advertising. Once a site is chosen, it is often a space that is rented. Organizers must also take parking and crowd control into consideration when large audiences are expected to attend.
As a whole, a successful music festival combines all the necessary parts into a series of events that attract the audience. If any one part of the festival brings in a large number of complaints, it is not successful and the number of audiences will be down both that year and the following year. This is one of the reasons why organizers work hard to make sure every part of a festival functions as flawlessly as possible. They want people to take away great memories so they will attend the festival the next year and continue to do so. Organizers have long recognized this fact and take the time to find out what their audiences want. They recognize changes in audience moods and values. This allows their festivals to continue growing by satisfying their specific audiences.
The growth of many music festivals has caused organizers to seek out more modern musicians. Organizers don’t choose musicians that only perform for small crowds. Musicians, such as electric violinists or saxophone players, are more able to handle larger crowds who require amplified （放大的）music. Their ability to deal with technical aspects of greater sound production makes them popular with organizers. These musicians are also popular with large crowds who appreciate their ability to produce beautiful sound in the musical genre （流派）of the festival.
1.What does a successful music festival need?
A.Control of the number of audiences.
B.Money to buy a site.
C.Experienced audiences.
D.A great deal of organizers’ effort.
2.What does the underlined word "flawlessly" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Perfect. B.Crazy. C.Quick. D.Limitless.
3.What kind of musicians will be popular with the organizer of a music festival?
A.Those who are members of a band.
B.Those who like performing for small crowds.
C.Those who can play the latest popular music.
D.Those who have the ability to handle larger crowds.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.The Origin of Music Festivals
B.The History of Music Festivals
C.The Organizers of Successful Music Festivals
D.The Factors in Successful Music Festivals
Elizabeth Blackwell is a British-born woman physician (医师). She was born in 1821 in England. Her father decided to move the family to the United States in 1832 after his factory was destroyed by fire. It is said that she turned to studying medicine after a close friend who was dying said she wouldn’t have suffered so much if her physician had been a woman. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted to study in a medical school. But she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend who had suggested it died.
Elizabeth discussed it with her family. Her family supported her. However, all the medical colleges refused her except Geneva Medical College in New York. When she graduated from Geneva Medical College in 1849, she became the first woman in America to earn the M. D. degree. She was not offered many opportunities as a young female physician, she opened her own office 2 years later. Her younger sister Dr. Emily Blackwell, joined her in 1856. Together with Dr. Marie Zakrzewska, they opened the New York Infirmary (医院) for Women and Children in 1857. After establishing the infirmary. Elizabeth Blackwell went on a year-long lecture tour of Great Britain. Her lectures and personal example inspired more women to take up medicine as a profession.
When the American Civil War broke out, the Blackwell sisters aided in nursing efforts. After the end of the war, Elizabeth Blackwell carried out a plan that she had developed together with her friend Florence Nightingale while in England. She opened the Women’s Medical College with her sister. This college was operated under her sister’s management. She moved to England the next year. There, she helped to organize the National Health Society and she founded the London School of Medicine for Women.
As her health declined, Blackwell gave up the practice of medicine in the late 1870s, though she still campaigned for reform (改革). On 31 May 1910, she died at home in England.
1.What probably made Elizabeth determine to learn medicine?
A.Her family’s expectation.
B.Her interest in medicine.
C.Her friend’s suggestion.
D.Her friend’s medical talent.
2.How old was Elizabeth when she opened the hospital for women and children?
A.28. B.30. C.36. D.37.
3.Who was in charge of the Women’s Medical College?
A.Marie Zakrzewska. B.Emily Blackwell.
C.Elizabeth Blackwell. D.Florence Nightingale.
4.Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth?
A.Simple and hardworking. B.Determined and caring.
C.Curious and patient. D.Gentle and peace-loving.
Banff National Park, Canada*s first national park, is filled with wonderful scenery provided by the Canadian Rockies, valleys, forests and plentiful wildlife. The park is popular with people. Here is an overview of the most popular attractions in Banff National Park:
Johnston Canyon
The main activity at Johnston Canyon is to hike to the Lower Falls, Upper Falls and Ink Pots. Getting to the Upper Falls includes a 2. 7-kilometer hike that starts from behind the Johnston Canyon Resort. This path is considered one of the busiest in the Canadian Rockies, because hundreds of tourists like making the 45-minute hike every day.
Banff Gondola
Travelers want to make sure they have plenty of memory cards before they board Banff Gondola. That’s because the views from the four-passenger gondola cars （空中缆车）are fantastic . Once at the top, visitors can take the skywalk to get to a historic site and meteorological station （气象站）.Banff Gondola is closed in winter. But there are also hiking paths to the top.
Banff Upper Hot Springs
Banff Upper Hot Springs is a perfect place to relax after a day on the hiking or ski ways. Visitors have been coming to this Banff attraction since the 1880s to bath in the therapeutic （治疗的）mineral waters, though First Nations were doing that long before the railroad opened up this part of Canada.
Peyto Lake
Considered one of the prettiest lakes in the world, Peyto Lake is best seen from Bow Summit on the parkway, about 39 km from Lake Louise. It takes travelers about 15 minutes to walk to an observation platform to overlook the lake.
1.Why do many tourists travel to Johnston Canyon a lot?
A.To go hiking.
B.To go swimming.
C.To take the skywalk.
D.To study the Canadian Rockies.
2.Which tourist attraction is limited by the season?
A.Johnston Canyon. B.Banff Gondola.
C.Banff Upper Hot Springs. D.Peyto Lake.
3.What can we know about Banff Upper Hot Springs?
A.It can help tourists release tiredness.
B.Its mineral waters are free to drink.
C.It is near the parking lot.
D.It can cause tourists* various diseases.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。
注意
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Recently divorced(离婚），I was in my 20s,had no job and was on my way downtown to the employment offices.I had no umbrella,and I could not afford another one.I sat down in the streetcar-and there against the seat was a beautiful silk umbrella with a silver handle.
I examined the handle and saw a name.The usual procedure would have been to turn in the umbrella to the conductor,but somehow I decided to take it with me and find the owner myself. Then I searched a telephone book for the name on the umbrella and found it.I called and a lady answered.
Yes,she said in surprise,that was her umbrella,which her parents,now dead,had given her for a birthday present.But,she added,it had been stolen more than a year before.She was so excited that I forgot I was looking for a job and went directly to her small house.She took the umbrella,her eyes filled with tears.We talked for a while,and I must have given her my address. I don't remember.
The next six months were tough.My last job ended the day before Christmas and my thirty-dollar
rent was soon due,and I had only fifteen dollars.When I walked from the streetcar to my small apartment,the air was full of the sound of Christmas merriment.But there should be no Christmas for me.Unless a miracle happened,I would be homeless in January,foodless, jobless.
Peggy,my daughter,had proudly set our kitchen table for our evening meal and put pans out and three cans of food which would be our dinner.When I looked at those pans and cans,I felt broken-hearted.We would have only hamburgers for our Christmas dinner tomorrow.I stood in the cold little kitchen and the coldness in my heart was colder than ice.
Paragraph 1:
The doorbell suddenly rang and Peggy ran swiftly to answer it,calling that it must be Santa Claus.
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Paragraph 2:
Our dinner that night was he most delicious I had ever eaten.
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假定你是李华，你最近学习了课文Robert Burns and his poetry 后，非常喜爱诗人罗伯特和他的诗歌，正好你的日本笔友 Yumi前些天给你发了一封邮件，希望你推荐值得学习的英文诗歌。请你结合以下要点给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1.诗人简介：
生卒 | 1759年－1796年 |
出生地 | Alloway, Scotland |
性格 | 风趣、友善 |
生活状况 | 贫穷、务农 |
派系 | 浪漫主义诗人 |
2.推荐代表作《一朵红红的玫瑰》并指明诗歌主旨。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Yumi,
I'm writing to recommend to you my favourite English poet Robert and his masterpiece"A Red,Red Rose”.
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Robert is indeed a wise choice,and I'd be glad if you enjoy his poems.Look forward to hearing of your reviews.
Yours,
Li Hua
