Face-book chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg and Anna Maria Chavez, chief of American Girl Scouts, are leading a campaign to discourage the use of the word "bossy". Does the term destroy the confidence of young girls?
The campaign claims that terms like "bossy" are improperly applied to females, preventing schoolgirls from seeing themselves as future "leaders". From its first application, the word has been definitely connected more with women than with men. It first appeared in 1882, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, mentioning "a lady manager who was extremely bossy". As late as 2008, the word appeared in reference to females four times more often than males, claim the Ban Bossy campaigners. "To me, the reference is always in association with women," says Helen Trim, director of Fresh Minds. "I have three brothers and my family still call me 'bossy' today. " Her father is the only other family member who could be considered in that way, says Trim, but nobody would ever call him so.
Some educators recommend that the word should be reclaimed, rather than banned. "But the thing with 'bossy' is that there’s an infantile(幼稚的) element to it, says Sara Mills, professor at Sheffield University. "You think of ' bossy 'as being like a little kid who's claiming more than he has the right to claim. "
It's not just "bossy"under fire. "Pushy" is another target. The implication is that women shouldn't present themselves as powerful and confident, Mills suggests, which some women are willing to listen to and accept. Trim points out that many modern female business role models are able to be bosses without being labeled 'bossy'. And she rarely, if ever, hears the word used within her company. But she says that the damage may be done much earlier in a woman's life. "It does come about from those early teenage years. "she says. "I think it’s impossible to ban a word, but if people are replacing it with words like 'confidence' or ‘assertiveness', we would all be in a much better place. "
1.More evidence is provided to show "bossy" is more applied to females by __________ .
A.the Oxford English Dictionary B.the Ban Bossy campaigners
C.Helen Trim at Fresh Minds D.some experts in education
2.Trim's family still consider her bossy because__________ .
A.she is expected to lead in her family B.she is the boss of her company
C.she is a powerful and confident female D.her father considers her that way
3.The underlined part "under fire” most probably means____________.
A.certainly replaced B.wrongly applied
C.strongly criticized D.eagerly expected
4.How does the author sound when referring to the campaign against "bossy"?
A.Objective. B.Angry.
C.Doubtful D.Optimistic.
I don’t think I can recall a time when I wasn’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef. There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral. They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australian’s Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked. Australian marine life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45 percent of the world’s reefs are considered healthy.
This statistic is depressing, so it’s important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system has led me to take action. I’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean’ s species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
1.From the underlined sentence in Para.1, we can learn the author ________.
A.seldom went surfing at the sea
B.forgot his experiences about the ocean
C.never went back to his hometown
D.had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
2.According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life ________.
A.is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B.depends on reefs for living greatly
C.may be faced with danger
D.is protected better than that in other oceans
3.The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to ________.
A.contribute to a complete eco-system
B.prevent more marine species being endangered
C.set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D.raise more teenagers’ environmental awareness
4.Angus and the author created a little video to ________.
A.urge more people to take action to protect the marine species
B.inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C.share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D.bring back to people their memories of ocean species
The British Museum
What’s on
Although many parts of Asia have long been connected through trade along Silk Road and shared religious systems, there are strong regional differences. In addition to various languages, Asia has developed its cultural networks, patterns of government, technology and styles of artistic representation.
The diverse cultural life of Africa has been expressed through everyday cooking objects and unique works of art since ancient times. The Museum’s collection of over 200,000 African items includes archaeological and contemporary material from across the continent.
The Iron Age was a time of big change for the people of Britain and Europe.Iron replaced bronze as the material used to make tools and weapons, while religion, art, daily life, economics and politics changed greatly.
Admission and opening times
The Museum is free and open daily 10:00-17:30 except Friday, and is open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday. The Museum is open every day except for 24,25 and 26 December and 1 January.
Museum shops
Bookshop
Monday-Thursday 10:00-17:30 Friday 10:00-20:00
Saturday 10:30-17:30 Sunday 10:00-17:30
Collections shop
Monday-Thursday 09:30-17:30 Friday 09:30-20:00
Saturday 09:30-17:30 Sunday 10:00-17:30
Getting here
By Tube
Nearest underground stations:
Tottenham Court Road(500m) Holborn (500m)
Russell Square(800m) Goodge Street(800m)
By bus
Buses that stop near the Museum:1,8,19,X25,38,55,98,242
By car
The Museum lies within the Congestion(拥堵) Charge Zone. There is little on-street parking nearby. The nearest car park to the Museum is located at Bloomsbury Square. There is limited parking in the Museum’s open space for disabled visitors only.
1.In the museum, you may not see items from ________.
A.Asia B.Africa C.Europe D.America
2.If you want to buy artists’ works of the Iron Age,you may go to the Museum at ________.
A.20:15 Friday, July 11
B.14:45 Saturday, January 1
C.18:00 Wednesday, February 14
D.10:30 Sunday, December 28
3.Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A.It is not convenient to drive cars to the Museum.
B.The No.55 bus stop is the nearest to the Museum.
C.It is 500 meters from Russell Square to the Museum.
D.The old can park their cars in the Museum’s open area.
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a ____ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They ____ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was______that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more ____ to her than mountain of gold. The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, ____ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for______to move the books to a _____place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. _____, she brought books home every night,______her car late after work. Her friends came to _____her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant ___ to hide some books. All through the_____ , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, _____them over the seven-foot wall and _____them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war______. Then nine days laters, a fire burned the______to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the_____ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be ____ again while the city was _____. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and ____ peace and a new library.
1.A.meeting B.working C.personal D.religious
2.A.raised B.handled C.reported D.discussed
3.A.worried B.angry C.doubtful D.curious
4.A.practical B.precious C.reliable D.expensive
5.A.then B.still C.even D.rather
6.A.permission B.confirmation C.explanation D.information
7.A.large B.public C.distant D.safe
8.A.Fortunately B.Surprisingly C.Seriously D.Secretly
9.A.starting B.parking C.filling D.testing
10.A.stop B.help C.warn D.rescue
11.A.intended B.pretended C.happened D.agreed
12.A.war B.night C.building D.way
13.A.put B.opened C.passed D.threw
14.A.hid B.exchanged C.burnt D.distributed
15.A.approached B.erupted C.continued D.ended
16.A.restaurant B.library C.city D.wall
17.A.neighbours B.soldiers C.friends D.customers
18.A.sold B.read C.saved D.moved
19.A.occupied B.bombed C.quiet D.busy
20.A.dreamed of B.believed in C.cared about D.looked for
Although going to Wuhan meant________himself in danger, he said he had never regretted _________such a decision.
A.to put; to make B.putting; to make C.to put; making D.putting; making
It was not until he came to my support________I freed myself from constant worries.
A.that B.when C.which D.so
